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Abstract Emphysematous osteomyelitis (EOM) is a rare and severe subtype of osteomyelitis where infection potentiates free air into surrounding bone. Existing literature is limited, but diabetes mellitus and malignancy are described as major risk factors. We report a patient that presented with multiple perianal abscesses and was diagnosed with an advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. He was treated with abscess drainage, antibiotics, and diverting colostomy. Several weeks later he was readmitted in septic shock and was found to have extensive areas of intraosseous gas on CT imaging involving the pelvis, thoracic and lumbar spine, left femur, and several ribs bilaterally. Biopsy culture grew Clostridium novyi, a pathogenic obligate anaerobe. The patient was successfully treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Only a handful of cases of multifocal EOM exist in current literature. More research is needed to classify the relationship between metastatic cancer and EOM and to identify modifiable risk factors of this complication.

Opioid addiction (OA) is moderately heritable, yet only rs1799971, the A118G variant in OPRM1 , has been identified as a genome-wide significant association with OA and independently replicated. We applied genomic structural equation modeling to conduct a GWAS of the new Genetics of Opioid Addiction Consortium (GENOA) data together with published studies (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Million Veteran Program, and Partners Health), comprising 23,367 cases and effective sample size of 88,114 individuals of European ancestry. Genetic correlations among the various OA phenotypes were uniformly high (r g  > 0.9). We observed the strongest evidence to date for OPRM1 : lead SNP rs9478500 ( p  = 2.56 × 10 –9 ). Gene-based analyses identified novel genome-wide significant associations with PPP6C and FURIN . Variants within these loci appear to be pleiotropic for addiction and related traits.

The complex trait of prepulse inhibition (PPI) is a sensory gating measure related to schizophrenia and can be measured in mice. Large-scale public repositories of inbred mouse strain genotypes and phenotypes such as PPI can be used to detect Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) in silico. However, the method has been criticized for issues including insufficient number of strains, not controlling for false discoveries, the complex haplotype structure of inbred mice, and failing to account for genotypic and phenotypic subgroups. We have implemented a method that addresses these issues by incorporating phylogenetic analyses, multilevel regression with mixed effects, and false discovery rate (FDR) control. A genome-wide scan for PPI was conducted using over 17,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 37 strains phenotyped. Eighty-nine SNPs were significant at a false discovery rate (FDR) of 5%. After accounting for long-range linkage disequilibrium, we found 3 independent QTLs located on murine chromosomes 1 and 13. One of the PPI positives corresponds to a region of human chromosome 6p which includes DTNBP1, a gene implicated in schizophrenia. Another region includes the gene Tsn which alters PPI when knocked out. These genes also appear to have correlated expression with PPI. These results support the usefulness of using an improved in silico mapping method to identify QTLs for complex traits such as PPI which can be then be used for to help identify loci influencing schizophrenia in humans.

The use of deferred harvesting as a climate-smart forestry practice has been utilized to increase amounts of carbon dioxide stored within terrestrial forests, offsetting fossil fuel CO2 emissions. Deferred harvesting is able to increase carbon storage through “deferring” or pushing back the age of harvest thus increasing the amount of time the forest has to store carbon dioxide (Carino & Biblis, 2002). As a widely used species throughout southeastern U.S forestry plantations, understanding the potential gains from deferring the harvest of loblolly pine is important to quantifying the environmental and ecological costs and benefits of this practice.In this study, I modeled the biomass biomass accumulation (Mg/ha) of an industrial loblolly pine plantation located in Washington County, NC, using LobDSS to simulate deferring the age of harvest from 29 to 50 years of age, in 5-year increments. Over the course of the deferral period, aboveground biomass continuously increased over multiple management practice scenarios. To quantify potential economic benefits from engaging in a deferral program, breakeven carbon price and derived revenues were calculated. Derived values were compared to values calculated utilizing a range of real-world carbon prices. Breakeven carbon prices across multiple management scenarios ranged from less that$1 to slightly more than $ 3, but all remained considerably less than real world values. Additionally, landowner benefits increased through participation within offset programs, with correspondingly higher benefits when discount rates are lower than when they are heightened. While this study demonstrates potential benefits from landowner participation in deferred harvesting and carbon offset markets, additional research is needed to quantify these dynamics within Southeastern forest systems.

The movement was first represented in what is now Canada by one of Wesley's followers, Laurence COUGHLAN, who began to preach in Newfoundland in 1766. Yorkshire settlers around Chignecto, NS, in the 1770s were the first sizable group of Methodists in the Maritimes.

The China, Oxford and Virginia Commonwealth University Experimental Research on Genetic Epidemiology (CONVERGE) project on Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) sequenced 11,670 female Han Chinese at low-coverage (1.7X), providing the first large-scale whole genome sequencing resource representative of the largest ethnic group in the world. Samples are collected from 58 hospitals from 23 provinces around China. We are able to call 22 million high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from the nuclear genome, representing the largest SNP call set from an East Asian population to date. We use these variants for imputation of genotypes across all samples, and this has allowed us to perform a successful genome wide association study (GWAS) on MDD. The utility of these data can be extended to studies of genetic ancestry in the Han Chinese and evolutionary genetics when integrated with data from other populations. Molecular phenotypes, such as copy number variations and structural variations can be detected, quantified and analysed in similar ways.

Major depressive disorder (MDD), one of the most frequently encountered forms of mental illness and a leading cause of disability worldwide, poses a major challenge to genetic analysis. To date, no robustly replicated genetic loci have been identified, despite analysis of more than 9,000 cases. Here, using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of 5,303 Chinese women with recurrent MDD selected to reduce phenotypic heterogeneity, and 5,337 controls screened to exclude MDD, we identified, and subsequently replicated in an independent sample, two loci contributing to risk of MDD on chromosome 10: one near the SIRT1 gene (P = 2.53 × 10^sup -10^), the other in an intron of the LHPP gene (P = 6.45 × 10^sup -12^). Analysis of 4,509 cases with a severe subtype of MDD, melancholia, yielded an increased genetic signal at the SIRT1 locus. We attribute our success to the recruitment of relatively homogeneous cases with severe illness.