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Dengue infection is caused by the dengue virus (DENV) and is transmitted to humans by infected female Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. There are nearly 100 million new dengue cases yearly in more than 120 countries, with a five-fold increase in incidence over the past four decades. While many patients experience a mild illness, a subset suffer from severe disease, which can be fatal. Dysregulated immune responses are central to the pathogenesis of dengue, and haematologic manifestations are a prominent feature of severe disease. While thrombocytopaenia and coagulopathy are major causes of bleeding in severe dengue, leucocyte abnormalities are emerging as important markers of prognosis. In this review, we provide our perspective on the clinical aspects and pathophysiology of haematologic manifestations in dengue. We also discuss the key gaps in our current practice and areas to be addressed by future research.

•Repeat imaging has limited utility in low-risk, mild traumatic brain injury patients.•No patient with low-risk, mild traumatic brain injury had neurosurgical intervention.•Performing serial neurological examinations may be a safe, cost-effective alternative.•Transferring low-risk, mild traumatic brain injury patients may be unnecessary. Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is frequently found on computed tomography (CT) after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) prompting transfer to centers with neurosurgical coverage and repeat imaging to confirm hemorrhage stability. Studies suggest routine repeat imaging has little utility in patients with minimal ICH, no anticoagulant/antiplatelet use, and no neurological decline. Additionally, it is unclear which mTBI patients benefit from transfer for neurosurgery consultation. The authors sought to assess the clinical utility and cost effectiveness of routine repeat head CTs and transfer to tertiary centers in patients with low-risk, mTBI. Retrospective evaluation of patients receiving a neurosurgical consultation for TBI during a 4-year period was performed at a level 1 trauma center. Patients were stratified according to risk for neurosurgical intervention based on their initial clinical evaluation and head CT. Only patients with low-risk, mTBI were included. Of 531 patients, 119 met inclusion criteria. Eighty-eight (74.0 %) received two or more CTs. Direct cost of repeat imaging was $273,374. Thirty-seven (31.1 %) were transferred to our facility from hospitals without neurosurgical coverage, costing $61,384. No patient had neurosurgical intervention or mTBI-related in-hospital mortality despite enlarging ICH on repeat CT in three patients. Two patients had mTBI related 30-day readmission for seizure without ICH expansion. Routine repeat head CT or transfer of low-risk, mTBI patients to a tertiary center did not result in neurosurgical intervention. Serial neurological examinations may be a safe, cost-effective alternative to repeat imaging for select mTBI patients. A large prospective analysis is warranted for further evaluation.

To test the primary hypothesis that a CPR video will reduce ICU patients' surrogates' anxiety when deciding code status, as measured by the Hamilton Anxiety Rating (HAM-A) Scale, as compared to the no video group. This is a prospective randomized control trial. Twenty-seven ICU patients' surrogates were enrolled in the study after receiving an ICU team-led code status discussion. After the enrollment, twelve surrogates were randomized to the video group and fifteen to the no video group. The primary outcome of anxiety was quantified using the HAM-A Scale. Demographic information, clinical data, and patients' provenance information (Home vs. Not Home) were collected. The patients' severity of illness was calculated using the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score. The HAM-A score in the video group was 5.65 points lower than in the no video group ([β = −5.65, 95% CI −11.12 −0.18] P = 0.04). The statistically significant difference was maintained when adjusting for patients' SOFA Score and patients' provenance (P = 0.03). CPR video used to supplement ICU team-led code status discussions reduced surrogates' anxiety, as compared to no video. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03630965. •The impact of a CPR video, used to supplement ICU team-led code status discussions, on surrogates' anxiety was tested in this trial.•The CPR video reduced surrogates' anxiety, when deciding code status, as compared to the no video group.•The video increased surrogates' CPR knowledge when compared to the no video group.•The CPR video was found to be comfortable to watch.•The video was not associated with changes in patients' code status after the surrogates participated in the study.

  Anthony Bryk, in his article titled \"Catholic schools' valuable example\" (Op-Ed, Nov. 16), has finally revealed to the general public what members of the Catholic school system have known for years. The sense of community present at Catholic learning institutions produces moral and educational excellence.

  Anthony Bryk, in his article titled \"Catholic schools' valuable example\" (Op-Ed, Nov. 16), has finally revealed to the general public what members of the Catholic school system have known for years. The sense of community present at Catholic learning institutions produces moral and educational excellence.

NOTRE DAME, Ind.--Anthony Bryk, in his article titled \"Catholic schools' valuable example\" (Op-Ed, Nov. 16), has finally revealed to the general public what members of the Catholic school system have known for years.

NOTRE DAME, Ind.--Anthony Bryk, in his article titled \"Catholic schools' valuable example\" (Op-Ed, Nov. 16), has finally revealed to the general public what members of the Catholic school system have known for years.

NOTRE DAME, Ind.--Anthony Bryk, in his article titled \"Catholic schools' valuable example\" (Op-Ed, Nov. 16), has finally revealed to the general public what members of the Catholic school system have known for years.

NOTRE DAME, Ind.--Anthony Bryk, in his article titled \"Catholic schools' valuable example\" (Op-Ed, Nov. 16), has finally revealed to the general public what members of the Catholic school system have known for years.

NOTRE DAME, Ind.--Anthony Bryk, in his article titled \"Catholic schools' valuable example\" (Op-Ed, Nov. 16), has finally revealed to the general public what members of the Catholic school system have known for years.