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"Wen, Min"
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Bone Tissue Engineering in the Treatment of Bone Defects
Bones play an important role in maintaining exercise and protecting organs. Bone defect, as a common orthopedic disease in clinics, can cause tremendous damage with long treatment cycles. Therefore, the treatment of bone defect remains as one of the main challenges in clinical practice. Today, with increased incidence of bone disease in the aging population, demand for bone repair material is high. At present, the method of clinical treatment for bone defects including non-invasive therapy and invasive therapy. Surgical treatment is the most effective way to treat bone defects, such as using bone grafts, Masquelet technique, Ilizarov technique etc. In recent years, the rapid development of tissue engineering technology provides a new treatment strategy for bone repair. This review paper introduces the current situation and challenges of clinical treatment of bone defect repair in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of bone tissue engineering scaffolds are comprehensively discussed from the aspect of material, preparation technology, and function of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. This paper also summarizes the 3D printing technology based on computer technology, aiming at designing personalized artificial scaffolds that can accurately fit bone defects.
Journal Article
Gene-modified pig-to-human liver xenotransplantation
The shortage of donors is a major challenge for transplantation; however, organs from genetically modified pigs can serve as ideal supplements
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. Until now, porcine hearts and kidneys have been successively transplanted into humans
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. In this study, heterotopic auxiliary transplantation was used to donate a six-gene-edited pig liver to a brain-dead recipient. The graft function, haemodynamics, and immune and inflammatory responses of the recipient were monitored over the subsequent 10 days. Two hours after portal vein reperfusion of the xenograft, goldish bile was produced, increasing to 66.5 ml by postoperative day 10. Porcine liver-derived albumin also increased after surgery. Alanine aminotransferase levels remained in the normal range, while aspartate aminotransferase levels increased on postoperative day 1 and then rapidly declined. Blood flow velocity in the porcine hepatic artery and portal and hepatic veins remained at an acceptable level. Although platelet numbers decreased early after surgery, they ultimately returned to normal levels. Histological analyses showed that the porcine liver regenerated capably with no signs of rejection. T cell activity was inhibited by anti-thymocyte globulin administration, and B cell activation increased 3 days after surgery and was then inhibited by rituximab. There were no significant peri-operative changes in immunoglobulin G or immunoglobulin M levels. C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels were initially elevated and then quickly declined. The xenograft remained functional until study completion.
A gene-edited pig liver transplanted into a human recipient remains functional after 10 days and indicates that porcine organs could help meet the growing demand for liver transplants.
Journal Article
ACSL4 upregulates IFI44 and IFI44L expression and promotes the proliferation and invasiveness of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells
Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism, including deregulated lipid metabolism, is a hallmark of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Long‐chain acyl‐CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4), which catalyzes fatty acids to form fatty acyl‐CoAs, is critical for synthesizing phospholipids or triglycerides. Despite the differing roles of ACSL4 in cancers, our data showed that ACSL4 was highly expressed in HNSCC tissues, positively correlating with poor survival rates in patients. Knockdown of ACSL4 in HNSCC cells led to reduced cell proliferation and invasiveness. RNA sequencing analyses identified interferon‐induced protein 44 (IFI44) and interferon‐induced protein 44‐like (IFI44L), encoded by two interferon‐stimulated genes, as potential effectors of ACSL4. Silencing IFI44 or IFI44L expression in HNSCC cells decreased cell proliferation and invasiveness. Manipulating ACSL4 expression or activity modulated the expression levels of JAK1, tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), interferon α (IFNα), IFNβ, and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), which regulate IFI44 and IFI44L expression. Knockdown of IRF1 reduced the expression of JAK1, TYK2, IFNα, IFNβ, IFI44, or IFI44L and diminished cell proliferation and invasiveness. Our results suggest that ACSL4 upregulates interferon signaling, enhancing IFI44 and IFI44L expression and promoting HNSCC cell proliferation and invasiveness. Thus, ACSL4 could serve as a novel therapeutic target for HNSCC. Long‐chain acyl‐CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) was highly expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors and functioned to upregulate interferon signaling and enhance interferon‐induced protein 44 (IFI44) and interferon‐induced protein 44‐like (IFI44L) expression, promoting cell proliferation and invasiveness. Thus, ACSL4 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for HNSCC.
Journal Article
Automatic Counterfeit Currency Detection Using a Novel Snapshot Hyperspectral Imaging Algorithm
In this study, a snapshot-based hyperspectral imaging (HSI) algorithm that converts RGB images to HSI images is designed using the Raspberry Pi environment. A Windows-based Python application is also developed to control the Raspberry Pi camera and processor. The mean gray values (MGVs) of two distinct regions of interest (ROIs) are selected from three samples of 100 NTD Taiwanese currency notes and compared with three samples of counterfeit 100 NTD notes. Results suggest that the currency notes can be easily differentiated on the basis of MGV values within shorter wavelengths, between 400 nm and 500 nm. However, the MGV values are similar in longer wavelengths. Moreover, if an ROI has a security feature, then the classification method is considerably more efficient. The key features of the module include portability, lower cost, a lack of moving parts, and no processing of images required.
Journal Article
Relationship between the Asian Westerly Jet Stream and Summer Rainfall over Central Asia and North China
Diagnostic analyses are performed to investigate the relationship between the upper-level Asian westerly jet stream (AWJS) and the associated rainfall pattern over the AWJS region in boreal summer on interannual time scales. Results show an out-of-phase rainfall variation over central Asia (CA) and north China (NC), which is closely related to the southeast–northwest (SE–NW) shift of the AWJS. The physical mechanisms on the relationship between the AWJS and the rainfall pattern are revealed by exploring the effects of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the South Asian high (SAH). It is found that the SE–NW shifts of the AWJS and SAH associated with the ISM lead to the anomalous circulations over the midlatitudes in the AWJS region and cause rainfall anomalies over CA and NC. A weak ISM results in a southeastward shift of SAH, which is responsible for a southeastward shift of the AWJS. The anomalous atmospheric circulation associated with the southeastward located SAH produces anomalous updrafts (downdrafts) over the western (eastern) AWJS region, resulting in increased rainfall over CA and decreased rainfall over NC. It is proposed that the upper-level system SAH plays a crucial role in the teleconnection among the summer rainfall over the midlatitude AWJS region and ISM region.
Journal Article
Current Status of Phage Therapy against Infectious Diseases and Potential Application beyond Infectious Diseases
Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in regulating the pathogenesis of human disease and maintaining health. Many diseases, mainly induced by bacteria, are on the rise due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Intestinal microorganisms include organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. They play an important role in maintaining human health. Among these microorganisms, phages are the main members of intestinal viromes. In particular, the viral fraction, composed essentially of phages, affects homeostasis by exerting selective pressure on bacterial communities living in the intestinal tract. In recent years, with the widespread use and even abuse of antibacterial drugs, more and more drug-resistant bacteria have been found, and they show a trend of high drug resistance and multidrug resistance. Therefore, it has also become increasingly difficult to treat serious bacterial infections. Phages, a natural antibacterial agent with strong specificity and rapid proliferation, have come back to the field of vision of clinicians and scholars. In this study, the current state of research on intestinal phages was discussed, with an exploration of the impact of phage therapy against infectious diseases, as well as potential application beyond infectious diseases.
Journal Article
Microfluidics applications for high-throughput single cell sequencing
The inherent heterogeneity of individual cells in cell populations plays significant roles in disease development and progression, which is critical for disease diagnosis and treatment. Substantial evidences show that the majority of traditional gene profiling methods mask the difference of individual cells. Single cell sequencing can provide data to characterize the inherent heterogeneity of individual cells, and reveal complex and rare cell populations. Different microfluidic technologies have emerged for single cell researches and become the frontiers and hot topics over the past decade. In this review article, we introduce the processes of single cell sequencing, and review the principles of microfluidics for single cell analysis. Also, we discuss the common high-throughput single cell sequencing technologies along with their advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, microfluidics applications in single cell sequencing technology for the diagnosis of cancers and immune system diseases are briefly illustrated.
Journal Article
From Technology to Strategy: The Evolving Role of Smart Grids and Microgrids in Sustainable Energy Management
This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric review of 136 academic publications on smart grids, microgrids, and semiconductor technologies in the context of sustainable energy management. Data were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed using VOSviewer to identify intellectual structures, thematic clusters, and research trajectories. The results demonstrate the increasing prominence of semiconductor-enabled solutions in advancing renewable energy integration, grid optimization, and energy storage systems. Five major research themes are identified: renewable energy and smart grid integration; distributed microgrid systems; optimization models; control strategies; and system-level resilience and cybersecurity. The analysis reveals a temporal evolution from foundational engineering (2020–2021) to intelligent, digitally enhanced energy systems (2022–2025), with a growing emphasis on electric mobility, digital twins, and advanced energy management techniques, such as convex optimization. Beyond mapping trends, this study underscores critical research gaps in the non-English literature, multi-database integration, and practical deployment. The findings provide actionable insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders by highlighting technological maturity, real-world applications, and strategic implications for energy transition. By aligning digital intelligence, semiconductor innovation, and sustainable energy goals, this review advances a forward-looking agenda for resilient and equitable energy systems.
Journal Article