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"Wenzel, Angela"
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13 sculptures children should know
Introduces sculptures across the world from the Winged Victory of Samothrace in Paris and Dancing Ganesha in New York to the Fountain of the Four Rivers in Rome and Spiral Jetty in Great Salt Lake.
Book
The effect on snoring of using a pillow to change the head position
Purpose
Although not a disease, primary snoring often leads to social problems. In an earlier retrospective pilot study, we found hints that individuals were snoring less in a lateral versus a supine head position. The aim of this study is to elucidate on the effect of an anti-snoring pillow which changes the head position.
Methods
We designed an interventional, controlled, and randomized crossover study. It included 22 participants, between 18 and 78 years, who snored, had a BMI ≤ 30, and a sleep partner. Obstructive sleep apnea was ruled out by polysomnography (PSG) or by respiratory polygraphy (PG). Two potential participants dropped out. The first two phases were done at home (4 weeks in total), followed by two nights of polysomnography in our sleep laboratory. During all phases, questionnaires regarding snoring, sleep quality, and pillow tolerance were completed by the patients and, as relevant, by their partners.
Results
The PSG parameters revealed a significant reduction in the snoring index (
p
= 0.03) when on the activated pillow without a deterioration in other respiratory parameters. This correlated well with the visual analog scale (VAS) that showed a significant decrease in snoring with the activated pillow according to the bed partners (
p
< 0.001). Subjective acceptance of the pillow during the study period was 100%.
Conclusions
This study shows that by using a pillow to change the head position, it is possible to reduce both subjective and objective snoring severity.
German Clinical Trial Number: DRKS 00008744 and ethics commission registry number registry number 2013-406 M-MA
Journal Article
13 paintings children should know
Thirteen engaging works by the world s greatest artists are beautifully presented in an excellent introduction to art for young people. Offers biographical information about each artist and important facts about the painting's technical and historical aspects.
Book
13 artists children should know
Introduces thirteen painters to children; each artist's entry includes a brief biography, a timeline, and reproduction of major works.
Book
Lapatinib-induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition in squamous cell carcinoma cells correlates with unexpected alteration of β-catenin expression
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key developmental program that is often activated during cancer progression, and may promote resistance of cancer cells to therapy. Inhibiting EMT appears to be crucial to inhibit drug resistance. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), which is the reverse program of EMT in metastases, is characterized by the upregulation of epithelial adhesive proteins such as E-cadherin, and downregulation of mesenchymal proteins such as vimentin. The sensitivity of cancer cells to epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor may be increased by inducing MET in these cells. Therefore, it is of clinical importance to specify the phenotype of cancer cells in order to overcome the phenomenon of drug resistance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression pattern of specific markers in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells following stimulation with lapatinib and gefitinib. For this purpose, the head and neck (HN) SCC cell lines HNSCC22B and HNSCC11A were incubated with 0.5 and 2 µg/ml lapatinib and gefitinib, and the levels of E-cadherin, vimentin, matrix metalloproteinase-14, c-kit and β-catenin were detected by immunocytochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 5, 24 and 96 h post-incubation. The results indicated that, compared with HNSCC22B cells, the protein expression levels of vimentin increased, whereas those of E-cadherin reduced, in non-stimulated HNSCC11A cells. In addition, the protein expression levels of β-catenin were altered in the epithelial- and mesenchymal-associated SCC cell lines following treatment with lapatinib and gefitinib. Furthermore, lapatinib induced the downregulation of vimentin and upregulation of E-cadherin in HNSCC11A cells in a time-dependent manner. This suggests that the sensitivity of cancer cells to lapatinib may be improved by inducing MET in these cells. In summary, the results of the present study demonstrated that lapatinib-induced MET led to an unexpected alteration of the protein expression levels of β-catenin in SCC cells. Further studies on the mechanistic role of MET are required in order to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to EGFR inhibitor and block the EMT process in these cells.
Journal Article
13 art techniques children should know
Introduces children to thirteen important artistic techniques via specific works of art. Includes timeline, glossary, and quiz questions.-- Source other than Library of Congress.
Book
Influence of static magnetic fields on human myoblast/mesenchymal stem cell co-cultures
The results of surgical repair of extensive muscle tissue defects are still of primary concern, leaving patients with residual cosmetic and functional impairments. Therefore, skeletal muscle tissue engineering attempts to grow functional neo-tissue from human stem cells to promote tissue regeneration and support defect closure. Despite intensive research efforts, the goal of stable induction of myogenic differentiation in expanded human stem cells by using clinically feasible stimuli, has not yet been reached to a sufficient extent. Therefore, the present study investigated the differentiation potential of static magnetic fields (SMFs), using co-cultures of human satellite cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). It has previously been demonstrated that SMFs may act as a promising myogenic stimulus. Tests were performed on co-cultures with and without SMF exposure, using growth medium [high growth factor concentrations (GM)] and differentiation medium [low growth factors concentrations (DM)]. AlamarBlue® assay-based cell proliferation analysis revealed no significant difference between co-cultures with, vs. without SMF stimulation, regardless of growth factor concentrations in the cell culture medium. To determine the degree of differentiation in co-cultures under stimulation with SMFs, semi-quantitative gene expression measurements of the following marker genes were performed: Desmin, myogenic factor 5, myogenic differentiation antigen 1, myogenin, adult myosin heavy chain 1 and skeletal muscle α1 actin. In neither GM nor DM was a steady, significant increase in marker gene expression detected. Verifying the gene expression findings, immunohistochemical antibody staining against differentiation markers revealed that SMF exposure did not enhance myogenic maturation. Therefore, SMF treatment of human satellite cell/MSC co-cultures did not result in the desired increase in myogenic differentiation. Further studies are required to identify a suitable stimulus for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
Journal Article
Klimt
\"Gustav Klimt was a major influence on Viennese Art Nouveau. He developed a Modernist notion of the relation between image and reality. His ornamental works--such as 'The kiss' or 'Cottage garden with sunflowers'--have inscribed themselves into our collective visual memory. Until today, Klimt still enjoys international fame. Presentations of his paintings and drawings attract and delight audiences the world over.\"-- Back cover.
Book
Electrocochleography summating potential seen on auditory brainstem response in a case of superior semicircular canal dehiscence
Background: Superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) is a condition in which an abnormal communication between the superior semicircular canal and the middle cranial fossa causes patients to hear internal noises transmitted loudly to their affected ear as well as to experience vertigo with pressure changes or loud sounds. Patients with SCDS can have an elevated ratio of summating potential (SP) to action potential (AP) as measured by electrocochleography (ECochG). Changes in this ratio have been observed during surgical intervention to correct this abnormal communication.
Case Description: We present a case of SCDS along with history, physical examination, vestibular function testing, and computed tomography imaging. Due to the disabling symptoms, the patient elected to undergo surgery for plugging of the superior semicircular canal by middle cranial fossa approach. Simultaneous intraoperative ECochG and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were performed. Changes in SP/AP ratio, SP amplitude, and ABR wave I latency were observed during surgery, with a large ECochG SP amplitude generating a new wave, identifiable on the ABR and preceding the traditional wave I. The patient's symptoms resolved after surgery, and no long-term detriment to hearing was observed.
Conclusions: This case demonstrates the intraoperative changes in ECochG during surgery for repair of a SCDS. The substantial intraoperative changes in the summating potential can create a novel wave on intraoperative ABR.
Journal Article