Explore the vast range of titles available.

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a toxin-mediated exfoliating skin condition predominated by desquamation and blistering. Neonatal outbreaks have already been reported; however, our outbreak highlights the potential for SSSS following neonatal health promotion measures such as intra-muscular vitamin K administration and metabolic screening (heel prick) as well as effective case containment measures and the value of staff screening. Between February and June 2007, five confirmed cases of neonatal SSSS were identified in full-term neonates born in an Irish regional maternity hospital. All infants were treated successfully. Analysis of contact and environmental screening was undertaken, including family members and healthcare workers. Molecular typing on isolates was carried out. An outbreak control team (OCT) was assembled and took successful prospective steps to prevent further cases. All five Staphylococcus aureus isolates tested positive for exfoliative toxin A, of which two distinct strains were identified on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. Two cases followed staphylococcal inoculation during preventive measures such as intra-muscular vitamin K administration and metabolic screening (heel prick). None of the neonatal isolates were methicillin resistant. Of 259 hospital staff (70% of staff) screened, 30% were colonised with S. aureus , and 6% were positive for MRSA carriage. This is the first reported outbreak of neonatal SSSS in Ireland. Effective case containment measures and clinical value of OCT is demonstrated. Results of staff screening underlines the need for vigilance and compliance in hand disinfection strategies in maternity hospitals especially during neonatal screening and preventive procedures.

Digital tools are increasingly used on a population level as a weight loss strategy for people living with overweight and obesity. Evidence supports the feasibility of digital tools for the management of obesity in a community setting, but there is only emerging evidence for the feasibility of such tools in specialist weight management services. No study has assessed the uptake of digital tools among patients awaiting their first appointment with a specialist weight management service. The objective of this study was to understand interest, acceptance, and engagement with a digital behavioral change platform to support specialist weight management. This was an observational study registered as a service innovation. All patients on the waiting list for a first appointment in the tier 3 weight management service at University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire National Health Service (NHS) Trust were eligible to access the NHS-approved digital tool. Data on interest and engagement with the digital tool were collected. Routine clinical data were used to describe patient demographics. Focus groups were held to explore patients' views on the use of digital tools as part of a specialist weight management service. A total of 199 patients on the waiting list were informed about the available digital tool. Just over a half (n=102, 51.3%) of patients were interested in using the app, with over one-third (n=68, 34%) of all patients engaging with the app. Overall, a third of patients on the waiting list (n=63, 32%) did not respond to the invite and 34 (17%) of patients expressed no interest in the app. Emotional eating and higher BMI was associated with interest in the Gro Health app. Male gender was associated with reduced engagement with the app. There were no differences in interest in the Gro Health app according to age, ethnicity, metabolic measures of glycemia, and lipid profile. It is feasible to offer digital tools such as Gro Health to patients awaiting their first appointment with specialist weight management services. Future research should explore barriers and facilitators of engagement with digital tools. Additionally, there is a need to further evaluate the effectiveness of such tools in specialist weight management services.

In 2023, the World Health Assembly adopted a resolution to strengthen rehabilitation within health systems, calling for rehabilitation research. Within health, the term rehabilitation has multiple meanings, including a core strategy, a sector, a service and an intervention. The latter has been defined as complex and characterised as a ‘black box’, similar to complex interventions in other fields. The existing reporting guidelines are not sufficiently effective in describing interventions within the rehabilitation field. We developed the GUideline for Intervention DEscription in Rehabilitation (GUIDE-Rehab) to address these challenges.According to the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research Network, we followed a Delphi process with multiple Consensus Meetings and piloting and used ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document for reporting. The background research involved 21 papers. We based GUIDE-Rehab on the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System, developed over 15 years of research to improve rehabilitation description; the definition of rehabilitation for research purposes; and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication reporting guideline. 68 representatives from global rehabilitation stakeholders (scientific societies, journals, evidence and methods groups), including individuals with lived experience of disability, from 26 countries across all continents and economies, participated. The piloting involved 17 chief editors, 7 research groups and participants from 10 scientific meetings.The complete version comprises 16 items, while the version for uncontrolled studies includes 13. The short version (10 items for text, 6 for appendix) helps reduce the manuscripts’ length. The GUIDE-Rehab graphical illustration (nine items) facilitates the intervention description. GUIDE-Rehab will assist in the reporting of interventions in rehabilitation to enhance clinical research and support clinical implementation.

Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complex lung disease characterised by scarring of the lung that is believed to result from an atypical response to injury of the epithelium. The mechanisms by which this arises are poorly understood and it is likely that multiple pathways are involved. The strongest genetic association with IPF is a variant in the promoter of MUC5B where each copy of the risk allele confers a five-fold risk of disease. However, genome-wide association studies have reported additional signals of association implicating multiple pathways including host defence, telomere maintenance, signalling and cell-cell adhesion. Objectives: To improve our understanding of mechanisms that increase IPF susceptibility by identifying previously unreported genetic associations. Methods and measurements: We performed the largest genome-wide association study undertaken for IPF susceptibility with a discovery stage comprising up to 2,668 IPF cases and 8,591 controls with replication in an additional 1,467 IPF cases and 11,874 controls. Polygenic risk scores were used to assess the collective effect of variants not reported as associated with IPF. Main results: We identified and replicated three new genome-wide significant (P<5×10−8) signals of association with IPF susceptibility (near KIF15, MAD1L1 and DEPTOR) and confirm associations at 11 previously reported loci. Polygenic risk score analyses showed that the combined effect of many thousands of as-yet unreported IPF risk variants contribute to IPF susceptibility. Conclusions: Novel association signals support the importance of mTOR signalling in lung fibrosis and suggest a possible role of mitotic spindle-assembly genes in IPF susceptibility.

Rock star chefs could end up commanding the same sort of performance fees as big-name music acts and undermine the success of food festivals, according to Big Day Out co-founder...

Southern Cross Austereo chairman Peter Bush has downplayed $2.2 billion takeover talks with Nine Entertainment Co, saying the free-to-air network is likely to be focused on new chief Hugh Marks'...