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"Williams, Raymond"
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Mario Vargas Llosa
In this first comprehensive intellectual biography of the prolific Nobel laureate, a preeminent scholar of Hispanic studies examines Mario Vargas Llosa’s multifaceted literary career, spanning the polemics of the Latin American literary boom through five reflective novels published around the turn of the twenty-first century.
eBook
طرائق الحداثة ضد المتوائمين الجدد
هذا الكتاب نشر بعد رحيل صاحبه. كان قد وضع خطته، ثم قام أحد أصدقائه وتلاميذه بإعداده للنشر، وكتب له تقديما إضافيا. وتتمثل أهمية \"طرائق الحداثة\" في وجهين : الأول أنه تعبير عن فكر صاحبه في مرحلته الأخيرة، فقد كان معروفا عنه أنه يقوم دائما بمراجعة أفكاره وتعديلها، كما كان يعيد النظر في كتبه المنشورة، فيعيد صياغة بعض فصولها أو يضيف إليها (والمثال الواضح هنا هو إعادة كتابة عمله \"الدراما من إبسن إلى إليوت\" -وهو مترجم إلى العربية- والإضافة إليه ثم نشره مجددا تحت عنوان \"الدراما من إبسن إلى بريخت\")
Book
25 Community research through creative methodologies as a tool to explore health inequalities within the urban locale
BackgroundResearch over the last few years conducted by Centric in South London, supported by Impact on Urban Health, has revealed that there is limited trust in healthcare institutions. For some communities, resentment and cynicism is linked to health outcomes and widening disparities which are based on ethnicity. Centric over the last year has been developing strategies to facilitate nimble knowledge production – which is a more disruptive academic strategy of disseminating knowledge and data. Therefore, in line with some of the sensitive subject matters which we have explored, it is helpful if research findings can be conveyed in more easily digestible bitesize chunks, and where people can come and tell their stories in a safe space and with anonymity if required.AimOften research is typically shared and presented in a particular way, which is often detached and distant, specifically within academia. The project that we are exploring intends to visually represent community research and good practice through creative mediums, such as storytelling, relatable animations, and podcasts, as tools for community engagement and knowledge dissemination.Methods/Expected OutcomeOffer a space where people can feel safe to tell stories, given distrust of media etc.Provide creative visual content such as animations to research data and findings.Be accessible to people of all ages in the urban locale; excluding these voices is far too costly.These mediums can facilitate dialogue, foster expression, and promote critical consciousness, empowering communities to actively participate in shaping their own health narratives and co-creating solutions.ConclusionCentric Community Research and the project partner is therefore keen to share its work publicly in the hope of inspiring changes in research practice, and at the same time liaise with colleagues conducting similar work in this field so as to contribute to the broader community research archive.
Journal Article
The Twentieth-Century Spanish American Novel
Spanish American novels of the Boom period (1962-1967) attracted a world readership to Latin American literature, but Latin American writers had already been engaging in the modernist experiments of their North American and European counterparts since the turn of the twentieth century. Indeed, the desire to be \"modern\" is a constant preoccupation in twentieth-century Spanish American literature and thus a very useful lens through which to view the century's novels.
In this pathfinding study, Raymond L. Williams offers the first complete analytical and critical overview of the Spanish American novel throughout the entire twentieth century. Using the desire to be modern as his organizing principle, he divides the century's novels into five periods and discusses the differing forms that \"the modern\" took in each era. For each period, Williams begins with a broad overview of many novels, literary contexts, and some cultural debates, followed by new readings of both canonical and significant non-canonical novels. A special feature of this book is its emphasis on women writers and other previously ignored and/or marginalized authors, including experimental and gay writers. Williams also clarifies the legacy of the Boom, the Postboom, and the Postmodern as he introduces new writers and new novelistic trends of the 1990s.
eBook
The Existing Alternatives in Communications
The role of the Labour Party in the reconstruction of the mass media and communication system in the United Kingdom is described. The idea of a public system is proposed to make the communications service adequate to an educative and a participating democracy.
Journal Article
Congressional social media communications: evaluating Senate Twitter usage
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand why some Senators choose to use Twitter more frequently than others. Building on past research, which explored causal factors leading to early congressional adoption, theories about why some Senators use Twitter more frequently in their daily communications strategies are developed.
Design/methodology/approach
A “power user” score was developed by evaluating each Senator’s clout, interactivity, and originality on Twitter. These scores are then used as the dependent variable in a regression model to evaluate which factors influence Senators becoming Twitter “power users.”
Findings
The study found that: constituent income is positively correlated with heavy use, but constituent education level is not; the more ideological a Senator is the more he or she will be a Twitter power user; the number of days on Twitter is a significant indicator of advanced Twitter usage; and having staff dedicated to social media is positively correlated with being a Twitter power user.
Research limitations/implications
All Senators in the second session of the 113th Congress (2014) were evaluated. As such, future research hope to expand the data set to additional Senators or the House of Representatives.
Practical implications
A better understanding of why some Senators use Twitter more than others allows insight into constituent communications strategies and the potential implications of real-time communication on representation, and the role of accountability between a Senator and his or her constituents.
Originality/value
The study examines constituent communication by Senators in a new, more interactive medium than previously considered. Additionally, the study places findings about Senator’s constituent communication in the broader context of representation.
Journal Article
The Columbia Guide to the Latin American Novel Since 1945
In this expertly crafted, richly detailed guide, Raymond Leslie Williams explores the cultural, political, and historical events that have shaped the Latin American and Caribbean novel since the end of World War II. In addition to works originally composed in English, Williams covers novels written in Spanish, Portuguese, French, Dutch, and Haitian Creole, and traces the profound influence of modernization, revolution, and democratization on the writing of this era. Beginning in 1945, Williams introduces major trends by region, including the Caribbean and U.S. Latino novel, the Mexican and Central American novel, the Andean novel, the Southern Cone novel, and the novel of Brazil. He discusses the rise of the modernist novel in the 1940s, led by Jorge Luis Borges's reaffirmation of the right of invention, and covers the advent of the postmodern generation of the 1990s in Brazil, the Generation of the \"Crack\" in Mexico, and the McOndo generation in other parts of Latin America. An alphabetical guide offers biographies of authors, coverage of major topics, and brief introductions to individual novels. It also addresses such areas as women's writing, Afro-Latin American writing, and magic realism. The guide's final section includes an annotated bibliography of introductory studies on the Latin American and Caribbean novel, national literary traditions, and the work of individual authors. From early attempts to synthesize postcolonial concerns with modernist aesthetics to the current focus on urban violence and globalization, The Columbia Guide to the Latin American Novel Since 1945 presents a comprehensive, accessible portrait of a thoroughly diverse and complex branch of world literature.
eBook
Dog Ecology, Bite Incidence, and Disease Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Survey among a Rabies-Affected Community in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Despite the existence of safe and efficacious human and animal rabies vaccines, millions of people remain at risk of exposure to this deadly zoonotic disease through bites of infected dogs. Sub-Saharan African countries, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), bear the highest per capita death rates from rabies where dog vaccination and availability of lifesaving post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is scarce. Mass dog vaccination is the most cost-effective and sustainable approach to prevent human rabies deaths. We conducted a cross-sectional household survey in a rabies-affected community in Matadi, DRC, to estimate the size of the owned dog population and dog bite incidence and assess knowledge and practices regarding rabies, as preparation for future mass dog vaccination campaigns. Our study revealed that the owned dog population in Matadi was almost ten times larger than assumed by local veterinary officials, with a large proportion of free-roaming unvaccinated dogs. The annual dog bite incidence of 5.2 per 1000 person years was high, whereas community rabies knowledge was low resulting in poor practices. Given these findings, human rabies deaths are likely to occur in this community. Lack of disease awareness could negatively affect participation in future mass dog vaccination campaigns. A public sensitization campaign is needed to promote appropriate rabies prevention (washing bite wounds and PEP) and control (dog vaccination) measures in this community.
Journal Article
Analysis of Population Differences in Digital Conversations About Cancer Clinical Trials: Advanced Data Mining and Extraction Study
Background: Racial and ethnic diversity in clinical trials for cancer treatment is essential for the development of treatments that are effective for all patients and for identifying potential differences in toxicity between different demographics. Mining of social media discussions about clinical trials has been used previously to identify patient barriers to enrollment in clinical trials; however, a comprehensive breakdown of sentiments and barriers by various racial and ethnic groups is lacking. Objective: The aim of this study is to use an innovative methodology to analyze web-based conversations about cancer clinical trials and to identify and compare conversation topics, barriers, and sentiments between different racial and ethnic populations. Methods: We analyzed 372,283 web-based conversations about cancer clinical trials, of which 179,339 (48.17%) of the discussions had identifiable race information about the individual posting the conversations. Using sophisticated machine learning software and analyses, we were able to identify key sentiments and feelings, topics of interest, and barriers to clinical trials across racial groups. The stage of treatment could also be identified in many of the discussions, allowing for a unique insight into how the sentiments and challenges of patients change throughout the treatment process for each racial group. Results: We observed that only 4.01% (372,283/9,284,284) of cancer-related discussions referenced clinical trials. Within these discussions, topics of interest and identified clinical trial barriers discussed by all racial and ethnic groups throughout the treatment process included health care professional interactions, cost of care, fear, anxiety and lack of awareness, risks, treatment experiences, and the clinical trial enrollment process. Health care professional interactions, cost of care, and enrollment processes were notably discussed more frequently in minority populations. Other minor variations in the frequency of discussion topics between ethnic and racial groups throughout the treatment process were identified. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the power of digital search technology in health care research. The results are also valuable for identifying the ideal content and timing for the delivery of clinical trial information and resources for different racial and ethnic groups.
Journal Article