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Gaucher disease (GD) results from a deficiency of glucocerebrosidase activity and the subsequent accumulation of the enzyme’s metabolites, principally glucosylsphingosine and glucosylceramide. There are three principal forms: Type I, which is the most common, is usually considered non-neuronopathic. Type II, III and IIIc manifest earlier and have neurological sequelae due to markedly reduced enzyme activity. Gaucher’s can be associated with ophthalmological sequelae but these have not been systematically reviewed. We therefore performed a comprehensive literature review of all such ophthalmic abnormalities associated with the different types of Gaucher disease. We systematically searched the literature (1950 – present) for functional and structural ocular abnormalities arising in patients with Gaucher disease and found that all subtypes can be associated with ophthalmic abnormalities; these range from recently described intraocular lesions to disease involving the adnexae, peripheral nerves and brain. In summary, Gaucher can affect most parts of the eye. Rarely is it sight-threatening; some but not all manifestations are amenable to treatment, including with enzyme replacement and substrate reduction therapy. Retinal involvement is rare but patients with ocular manifestations should be monitored and treated early to reduce the risk of progression and further complications. As Gaucher disease is also associated with Parkinsons disease and may also confer an increased risk of malignancy (particularly haematological forms and melanoma), any ocular abnormalities should be fully investigated to exclude these potential underlying conditions.

Antiwar activists in the United States have often made recourse to satire in order to rebut claims that their dissent is sententious and effeminate. Federalist opponents of the War of 1812 used the genre to posit, moreover, that they alone could manage the military and economic crisis that resulted from a disastrous second war against Great Britain. But satire, in an era of incipient nationalism, was problematically associated with British snobbery. I argue that wartime periodicals show Federalist satire pulling in diverging directions. Projects like Alexander Hanson's Federal Republican are regressive, reviving the Augustan archetype of the satirist as intellectual martyr, even as they unwittingly lay the groundwork for a liberal model of civil disobedience. Projects like George and Henry Helmbold's Tickler are progressive, phrasing Federalist principles in the post-Federalist vocabulary of liberal competition through their experiments with populist dialect, which also anticipate the postwar transformation of British American \"satire\" into all-American \"humor.\"

This interdisciplinary book investigates the consequences of the language of terror for our lives in democratic societies. The approach of this book is in direct contrast with those that either view terrorism simplistically, as a clear reality threatening democratic society and thus requiring certain sorts of response, or argue, equally simplistically, that the invocation of terror is merely the ideological veil for continued capitalist exploitation. While closer in spirit to the second of these, this work does not simply dismiss the discourse on terror, but rather investigates the consequences of this discourse for the organisation of life in democratic societies. In interrogating the discourse of terror from a variety of viewpoints, this interdisciplinary text builds upon the understanding of the importance of the language of terror from a new perspective: the interconnections between discourses of terror; the material realities they at once reflect and help produce; and the specificities of particular historical circumstances. In offering an integrated approach of this sort, and founded on a base of applied philosophy, broadly conceived, the contributors offer a new contribution to both public and academic debate, and at the same time initiate a series of further interventions in Critical Terrorism Studies. This book will be of interest to students of critical terrorism studies, terrorism studies, security studies, philosophy and discourse theory. Bob Brecher is Director of the Centre for Applied Philosophy, Politics & Ethics at Brighton University. He has published widely in moral, political and applied philosophy and the politics of higher education. Mark Devenney is Academic Programme Leader in Humanities at the University of Brighton. He has published in the areas of critical theory, post-Marxism and post-Colonial politics. Aaron Winter is Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Abertay Dundee. His research focuses on terrorism and the concept of ‘extremism’, whiteness, masculinity and violence, and the extreme right, organised racism and the religious right in the United States. Bob Brecher is Director of the Centre for Applied Philosophy, Politics and Ethics at Brighton University. He has published widely in moral, political and applied philosophy and the politics of higher education. Mark Devenney is Academic Programme Leader in Humanities at the University of Brighton. He has published in the areas of critical theory, post-Marxism and post-colonial politics. Aaron Winter is Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Abertay Dundee. His research focuses on terrorism and the concept of ‘extremism’, whiteness, masculinity and violence, and the extreme right, organised racism and the religious right in the United States. 1. Introduction: Philosophy, Politics, Terror Bob Brecher and Mark Devenney 2. Rediscovering the Individual in the \"War on Terror\": a Virtue and Liberal Approach Heather Widdows 3. Is there a Justifiable Shoot-to-Kill Policy? Shahrar Ali 4. Torture and the Demise of the Justiciable Standard of Enlightened Government: A S Perspective Don Wallace and Akis Kalaitzidis 5. Asylum and the Discourse of Terror: the European \"Security state\" Fran Cetti 6. Feeling Persecuted? The Definitive Role of Paranoid Anxiety in the Constitution of \"War on Terror\" Television Hugh Ortega Breton 7. Fundamentalist Foundations of Terrorist Practice:the Political Logic of Life-Sacrifice Jeff Noonan 8. Specificities, Complexities, Histories: Algerian Politics and George Bush’s USA-led \"War on Terror\" Martin Evans 9. Ignatieff, Ireland and the Lesser Evil: Some Problems with the Lessons Learnt Mark McGovern 10. American Terror: from Oklahoma City to 9/11 and After Aaron Winter. Bibliography

ObjectiveTo present a fluorescein angiography (FA)‒based computer algorithm for quantifying retinal blood flow, perfusion, and permeability, in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Secondary objectives were to quantitatively assess treatment efficacy following panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and define thresholds for pathology based on a new retinovascular function (RVF) score for quantifying disease severity.MethodsFA images of 65 subjects (58 patients and 7 healthy volunteers) were included. Dye intensity kinetics were derived using pixel-wise linear regression as a measure of retinal blood flow, perfusion, and permeability. Maps corresponding to each measure were then generated for each subject and segmented further using an ETDRS grid. Non-parametric statistical analyses were performed between all ETDRS subfields. For 16 patients, the effect of PRP was measured using the same parameters, and an amalgam of RVF was used to create an RVF index. For ten post-treatment patients, the change in FA-derived data was compared to the macular thickness measured using optical coherence tomography.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, patients had significantly lower retinal and regional perfusion and flow, as well as higher retinal permeability (p < 0.05). Moreover, retinal flow was inversely correlated with permeability (R = –0.41; p < 0.0001). PRP significantly reduced retinal permeability (p < 0.05). The earliest marker of DR was reduced retinal blood flow, followed by increased permeability. FA-based RVF index was a more sensitive indicator of treatment efficacy than macular thickness.ConclusionsOur algorithm can be used to quantify retinovascular function, providing an earlier diagnosis and an objective characterisation of disease state, disease progression, and response to treatment.

The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) (2021), the Emergency NursesAssociation (ENA) (2021), and the Society of Critical Care Medicine (Nates et al., 2016) define a patient’s readiness for transfer from the emergency department (ED) to the intensive care unit (ICU) “as soon as the disposition decision by the treating emergency physician has been made.” This bed assignment process can occur so rapidly as to impede the completion of emergency nursing care. Following a physician’s decision to admit a patient to an ICU, the intrafacility transfer of critically ill patients is a nurse led process, as evidenced by best practice, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and Banner Health policy, in both completing a nurse-to-nurse patient report as well as physically accompanying the patient from the ED to the ICU. Quality improvement (QI) projects to speed up ED-to-ICU transfer and decrease ED length-of-stay (LOS) have demonstrated worse clinical outcomes (Stankiewicz et al., 2019). Patients are too hastily downgraded from the ICU to make room, and patients leave the ED incompletely resuscitated (Bhakta et al., 2013). Additional research identified near simultaneous ICU admissions to endanger the admits as provider attention is distracted (Kashiouris et al., 2019). Surveying the nursing definition of readiness in the intrafacility transfer process is unexplored by the current literature, however prior studies have shown bedside nursing judgement to be predictive of clinical indicators of readiness (e.g., ventilator weaning), thus nursing gestalt in this domain is deserving of exploration (Hirzallah et al., 2019).

A 2006 episode of Comedy Central’sThe Daily Showridiculed an army-sponsored essay contest that solicited new ideas for “countering insurgency” in Iraq. Correspondent John Hodgman read a mock entry which detailed a scheme to “drop thousands of king cobras into Fallujah, each equipped with its own little parachute.” The snakes would then “fight with their magical venom, and turn the Sunnis into Shi’ites and the Shi’ites into Sunnis” (Apr. 25, 2006).The OnionWeb site suggested, likewise, that the Bush administration could “send 30,000 mall security guards to Iraq” (Nov. 10, 2004), “begin calling up Civil War re-enactors for

his interdisciplinary book investigates the consequences of the language of terror for our lives in democratic societies. The approach of this book is in direct contrast with those that either view terrorism simplistically, as a clear reality threatening democratic society and thus requiring certain sorts of response, or argue, equally simplistically, that the invocation of terror is merely the ideological veil for continued capitalist exploitation. While closer in spirit to the second of these, this work does not simply dismiss the discourse on terror, but rather investigates the consequences of this discourse for the organisation of life in democratic societies. In interrogating the discourse of terror from a variety of viewpoints, this text builds upon the understanding of the importance of the language of terror from a new perspective: the interconnections between discourses of terror; the material realities they at once reflect and help produce; and the specificities of particular historical circumstances. In adopting an integrated approach of this sort, and founded on a base of applied philosophy, broadly conceived, the authors offer a new contribution to both public and academic debate, and at the same time initiate a series of further interventions in Critical Terrorism Studies. This book will be of interest to students of Critical Terrorism Studies, terrorism studies, security studies, philosophy and discourse theory.