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Given that the funding of pensions is at issue, governments across Europe now try to discourage early retirement. Yet, international research about the determinants of early retirement based on appropriate micro-data is scarce. In addition, studies have tended to look at the retiring generation in an isolated way, ignoring the intergenerational ties that may play a role in their retirement decision. This article uses the European Social Survey, covering 22 countries from all regions of Europe, to investigate to what extent becoming a grandparent affects early retirement in European countries. We apply multilevel event history modelling to data from the third round of the European Social Survey and from the MULTILINKS database on intergenerational policy indicators. We find that becoming a grandparent speeds up retirement, especially at the round ages of 55 and 60 years. However, the effect is statistically significant only for women, not for men. We discuss differences between countries, including the role played by differences in formal childcare provisions.

This paper focuses on intra-European partnership formation in three European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Intra-European mobility has been actively promoted and stimulated by the European Commission (e.g., free movement of persons, the Erasmus student exchange program). One of the reasons for this promotion is that exchanges and relationships between Europeans of different descent are seen as a core indicator of the success of the European project. In this paper, we address the question to what extent intra-European mobility fosters partnerships between Europeans of different descent. Intra-European mobility can create opportunities both to meet partners from other European countries and to accumulate the necessary capital (economic, cultural, linguistic, mobility) to engage in a relationship with a foreign European. We use original data on European (binational) couples, collected in 2012 in the three countries (EUMARR survey), to study the choice of native men and women to engage in a relationship with either a foreign-born European partner or a partner from the own native country. We apply a broader life course perspective that captures migration and mobility experiences prior to the relationship as causal antecedents leading to an intra-European partnership. Results based on logistic regression models suggest that there is an individual effect of long stays abroad and short mobility experiences in (early) adulthood on having an intra-European partner (in comparison with a native partner).

A mathematical model (WETSIM 2.0) was used to simulate wetland hydrology and vegetation dynamics over a 32-yr period (1961-1992) in a North Dakota prairie wetland. A hydrology component of the model calculated changes in water storage based on precipitation, evapotranspiration, snowpack, surface runoff, and subsurface inflow. A spatially explicit vegetation component in the model calculated in distribution of vegetative cover and open water, depending on water depth, seasonality, and existing type of vegetation. The model reproduced four known dry periods and one extremely wet period during the three decades. One simulated dry period in the early 1980s did not actually occur. Simulated water levels compared favorably with continuous observed water levels outside the calibration period (1990-1992). Changes in vegetatitve cover were realistic except for years when simulated water levels were significantly different than actual levels. These generally positive reusults support the use of the model for exploring the effects of possible climate changes on wetland resources.

On roads across the country, a crackdown on license plate outlaws. Take a look at this. Surveillance images show people physically blocking their plates. Others are defaced on purpose using debris, dirt, and illegal covers. This high-tech holder even flips to hide the plate number. Police also finding fake temporary paper tags like these.

In Birmingham, Alabama, a police chase. And like more and more of them, it's on camera. The difference this chase is streaming live from officer Frederick Wesley's body camera. The man bails the pursuit ends suspect in custody, no one's seriously hurt. And later Wesley says he finds a gun. Not just captured on memory card like most body cameras, but fed back live to the real time crime center at police headquarters.

Robert Mueller's prosecutors will file a key memo in the sentencing of the President's former campaign chairman, Paul Manafort. Prosecutors have put together a criminal case against Paul Manafort that they could file quickly if the former chairman of Donald Trump's 2016 campaign receives a presidential pardon. Next week, President Trump is set to meet with North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un in Hanoi. It's been roughly nine months since they last met in Singapore, with both leaders made vague pledge for complete denuclearization they said. GUESTS: Gabby Orr, Danielle Moodie-Mills, Nan Hayworth, Sue Mi Terry, Nicholas Kristof; Kim Wehle