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Samenvatting ProstaatKankerStichting.nl (PKS) heeft tijdens een symposium haar visie op de toekomst van de prostaatkankerzorg gepresenteerd. Een visie vanuit het perspectief van de patiënt, waarbij kwaliteitscriteria leidend zijn. Alle prostaatkankerpatiënten moeten gelijkwaardige toegang krijgen tot ‘state-of-the-art’-prostaatkankerzorg; de best mogelijke behandeling met goede oncologische resultaten en zo min mogelijk bijwerkingen die de kwaliteit van leven beïnvloeden. Voor optimale prostaatkankerzorg is voldoende volume van patiënten en staf, (sub)specialisatie en een goede infrastructuur van belang. Verdergaande concentratie van de huidige prostaatkankerzorg is hiervoor nodig, uitgevoerd binnen een beperkt aantal expertcentra, eventueel aangevuld met partnerziekenhuizen. Expertcentra worden gekenmerkt door systematische samenwerking, transparant werken aan verbetering van uitkomsten, wetenschappelijk onderzoek, innovatie, samen beslissen en het meten en bespreken van patiëntervaringen.

Pairing in a population imbalanced Fermi system in a two-dimensional optical lattice is studied using Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) simulations and mean-field calculations. The approximation-free numerical results show a wide range of stability of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovshinnikov (FFLO) phase. Contrary to claims of fragility with increased dimensionality we find that this phase is stable across wide range of values for the polarization, temperature and interaction strength. Both homogeneous and harmonically trapped systems display pairing with finite center of mass momentum, with clear signatures either in momentum space or real space, which could be observed in cold atomic gases loaded in an optical lattice. We also use the harmonic level basis in the confined system and find that pairs can form between particles occupying different levels which can be seen as the analog of the finite center of mass momentum pairing in the translationally invariant case. Finally, we perform mean field calculations for the uniform and confined systems and show the results to be in good agreement with QMC. This leads to a simple picture of the different pairing mechanisms, depending on the filling and confining potential.

We use Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations to study the pairing mechanism in a one-dimensional fermionic system governed by the Hubbard model with attractive contact interaction and with imbalance between the two spin populations. This is done for the uniform system and also for the system confined in a harmonic trap to compare with experiments on confined ultra-cold atoms. In the uniform case we determine the phase diagram in the polarization-temperature plane and find that the \"Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov\" (FFLO) phase is robust and persists to higher temperature for higher polarization. In the confined case, we also find that the FFLO phase is stabilized by higher polarization and that it is within the range of detection of experiments currently underway.

We present an exact Quantum Monte Carlo study of the effect of unequal masses on pair formation in Fermionic systems with population imbalance loaded into optical lattices. We have considered three forms of the attractive interaction and find in all cases that the system is unstable and collapses as the mass difference increases and that the ground state becomes an inhomogeneous collapsed state. We also address the question of canonical vs grand canonical ensemble and its role, if any, in stabilizing certain phases.

Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) techniques are used to provide an approximation-free investigation of the phases of the one-dimensional attractive Hubbard Hamiltonian in the presence of population imbalance. The temperature at which the \"Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov\" (FFLO) phase is destroyed by thermal fluctuations is determined as a function of the polarization. It is shown that the presence of a confining potential does not dramatically alter the FFLO regime, and that recent experiments on trapped atomic gases likely lie just within the stable temperature range.

The rate of evolution of population mean fitness informs how selection acting in contemporary populations can counteract environmental change and genetic degradation (mutation, gene flow, drift, recombination). This rate influences population increases (e.g., range expansion), population stability (e.g., cryptic eco-evolutionary dynamics), and population recovery (i.e., evolutionary rescue). We review approaches for estimating such rates, especially in wild populations. We then review empirical estimates derived from two approaches: mutation accumulation (MA) and additive genetic variance in fitness (I Aw ). MA studies inform how selection counters genetic degradation arising from deleterious mutations, typically generating estimates of <1% per generation. I Aw studies provide an integrated prediction of proportional change per generation, nearly always generating estimates of <20% and, more typically, <10%. Overall, considerable, but not unlimited, evolutionary potential exists in populations facing detrimental environmental or genetic change. However, further studies with diverse methods and species are required for more robust and general insights.

Even with considerable improvement in treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer achieved in recent years, an increasing chemotherapy resistance and disease 5-year relapse is recorded for a majority part of patients that encourages the search for better therapeutic options. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) due to plethora of unique physiochemical features are thoroughly tested as drug delivery, radiosensitizers, as well as photothermal and photodynamic therapy agents. Importantly, due to highly controlled synthesis, it is possible to obtain nanomaterials with directed size and shape. In this work, we developed novel elongated-type gold nanoparticles in the shape of nanopeanuts (AuP NPs) and investigated their cytotoxic potential against ovarian cancer cells SKOV-3 using colorimetric and fluorimetric methods, Western blot, flow cytometry, and fluorescence microscopy. Peanut-shaped gold nanoparticles showed high anti-cancer activity in vitro against SKOV-3 cells at doses of 1-5 ng/mL upon 72 hours treatment. We demonstrate that AuP NPs decrease the viability and proliferation capability of ovarian cancer cells by triggering cell apoptosis and autophagy, as evidenced by flow cytometry and Western blot analyses. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was noted to be a critical mediator of AuP NPs-mediated cell death. These data indicate that gold nanopeanuts might be developed as nanotherapeutics against ovarian cancer.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extremely energetic, millisecond-duration radio flashes that reach Earth from extragalactic distances. Broadly speaking, FRBs can be classified as repeating or (apparently) non-repeating. It is still unclear, however, whether the two types share a common physical origin and differ only in their activity rate. Here we report on an observing campaign that targeted one hyperactive repeating source, FRB 20201124A, for more than 2,000 h using four 25–32 m class radio telescopes. We detected 46 high-energy bursts, many more than one would expect given previous observations of lower-energy bursts using larger radio telescopes. We find a high-energy burst distribution that resembles that of the non-repeating FRB population, suggesting that apparently non-repeating FRB sources may simply be the rarest bursts from repeating sources. Also, we discuss how FRB 20201124A contributes strongly to the all-sky FRB rate and how similar sources would be observable even at very high redshift. A hyperactive fast radio burst source has been observed for thousands of hours using relatively small telescopes. The energy distribution of the brightest bursts detected suggests a possible link between repeating and apparently non-repeating burst sources.

Through the use of the Monte Carlo simulations utilising the mean-field approach, we show that a dense assembly of separated ultra-small magnetic nanoparticles embedded into a non-magnetic deformable matrix can be characterized by a large isothermal magnetic entropy change even upon applying a weak magnetic field with values much smaller than one Tesla. We also show that such entropy change may be very significant in the vicinity of the room temperature which effect normally requires an application of a strong external magnetic field. The deformable matrix chosen in this work as a host for magnetic nanoparticles adopts a thin film form with a large surface area to volume ratio. This in turn in combination with a strong magneto-volume coupling exhibited by this material allows us to show its suitability to be used in the case of a variety of applications utilising local cooling/heating such as future magnetic refrigerants.

We determine for the first time the magnetic dipole moment of a short-lived nucleus with part-per-million (ppm) accuracy. To achieve this 2-orders-of-magnitude improvement over previous studies, we implement a number of innovations into ourβ-detected nuclear magnetic resonance (β-NMR) setup at ISOLDE at CERN. Using liquid samples as hosts, we obtain narrow, subkilohertz-linewidth, resonances, while a simultaneous in situH1NMR measurement allows us to calibrate and stabilize the magnetic field to ppm precision, thus eliminating the need for additionalβ-NMR reference measurements. Furthermore, we use ab initio calculations of NMR shielding constants to improve the accuracy of the reference magnetic moment, thus removing a large systematic error. We demonstrate the potential of this combined approach with the 1.1 s half-life radioactive nucleusNa26, which is relevant for biochemical studies. Our technique can be readily extended to other isotopic chains, providing accurate magnetic moments for many short-lived nuclei. Furthermore, we discuss how our approach can open the path toward a wide range of applications of the ultrasensitiveβ-NMR in physics, chemistry, and biology.