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Enhancing agricultural innovation : how to go beyond the strengthening of research systems
An innovation system can be defined as a network of organizations, enterprises, and individuals demanding and supplying knowledge and bringing it into a social and economic use. This book's primary aim is to focus on the largely unexplored operational aspects of the innvoation systems concept and to explore its potential for agriculture.
eBook
Violence Without Borders
Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Executive Summary -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Notes -- Reference -- Chapter 1 Crime, Conflict, and Violence without Borders -- Armed conflict -- Transnational terrorism -- Illicit markets -- Conclusion -- Annex1A The geographic dispersion of refugees -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2 Transborder Determinants of Crime, Conflict, and Violence -- The theoretical framework -- Transborder drivers of conflict, crime, and violence -- Can violence be avoided? -- Foreign military interventions and development assistance -- Conclusion -- Annex 2A Contest model -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3 Security in a Globalized World -- Third-party interventions to prevent violence -- When will other countries intervene in conflict situations? -- Limits to the effectiveness of third-party interventions -- Multilateralism and the delegation of foreign interventions -- Concluding remarks and policy recommendations -- Annex 3A The determinants of foreign interventions in civil conflict -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- Box 1.1 The gaps and data limitations of datasets on armed conflicts -- Box 2.1 Sanctions -- Box 2.2 Anti-money laundering and combatting the financing of terrorism -- Figures -- Figure 1.1 Armed conflicts: Incidence and fatalities, by type, 1989-2017 -- Figure 1.2 State-based armed conflicts, by type, 1946-2017 -- Figure 1.3 All armed conflicts, by type, 1989-2017 -- Figure 1.4 Global refugee population, 1951-2017 -- Figure 1.5 Average distance traveled by a refugee, 1987-2017 -- Figure 1.6 Share of refugees going to a contiguous country, 1987-2017 -- Figure 1.7 Mean Herfindahl index of destinations, five-year moving average, 1991-2017 -- Figure 1.8 Terrorist attacks and fatalities worldwide, 1970-2017 -- Figure 1.9 Transnational terrorist attacks and fatalities, 1970-2017.
Book
World bank group support for innovation and entrepreneurship
In economic growth the largest differences between developed and developing economies are in innovation performances. Innovation is critical for growth, but it is increasingly important for addressing major development changes, such as those related to inclusion and sustainability. Recognizing this pattern, many countries are promoting innovation and entrepreneurship. Market and government failures and other bottlenecks impede innovation and entrepreneurship, particularly in developing countries. These countries need to build the capacity to find, absorb, and use new technologies and processes as well as foster entrepreneurs who can take risks, look for finance, and bring new products and processes to market. The Independent Evaluation Group reviewed the investment portfolio in innovation and entrepreneurship interventions over the past decade across the World Bank Group. IEG found that this investment is substantial, but its effectiveness can be enhanced through broad, systemic efforts. Urgent action is required to enhance coordination, consultation, and linkages on innovation and entrepreneurship initiatives across networks, sectors, and regions. Another challenge is to develop practical solutions for people who earn less than
eBook
International Debt Statistics 2021
International Debt Statistics (IDS), a long-standing annual publication of the World Bank, features external debt statistics and analysis for the 120 low- and middle-income countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System.
eBook
World Bank assistance to agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa : an IEG review
A critical analysis of World Bank's agricultural assistance in Sub-Saharan Africa.This study assesses the development effectiveness of World Bank assistance in addressing constraints to agricultural development in Africa over the period of fiscal 1991-2006.This region faces a variety of constraints that make its development a complex challenge.
eBook