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Democratic Republic of Congo urbanization review : productive and inclusive cities for an emerging Democratic Republic of Congo
The Democratic Republic of Congo has the third largest urban population in Sub-Saharan Africa (estimated at 43% in 2016) after South Africa and Nigeria. It is expected to grow at a rate of 4.1% per year, which corresponds to an additional 1 million residents moving to cities every year. If this trend continues, the urban population could double in just 15 years. Thus, with a population of 12 million and a growth rate of 5.1% per year, Kinshasa is poised to become the most populous city in Africa by 2030.Such strong urban growth comes with two main challenges - the need to make cities livable and inclusive by meeting the high demand for social services, infrastructure, education, health, and other basic services; and the need to make cities more productive by addressing the lack of concentrated economic activity. The Urbanization Review of the Democratic Republic of Congo argues that the country is urbanizing at different rates and identifies five regions (East, South, Central, West and Congo Basin) that present specific challenges and opportunities. The Urbanization Review proposes policy options based on three sets of instruments, known as the three 'I's - Institutions, Infrastructures and Interventions - to help each region respond to its specific needs while reaping the benefits of economic agglomerationThe Democratic Republic of the Congo is at a crossroads. The recent decline in commodity prices could constitute an opportunity for the country to diversify its economy and invest in the manufacturing sector. Now is an opportune time for Congolese decision-makers to invest in cities that can lead the country's structural transformation and facilitate greater integration with African and global markets. Such action would position the country well on the path to emergence.
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Growing smarter : learning and equitable development in East Asia and Pacific
More children are going to school, staying in school for longer, and learning than ever before in East Asia and Pacific (EAP). During the past 50 years, a group of countries in EAP have successfully transformed their economies by investing in the continuous upgrading of knowledge, skills, and abilities of their workforce. Through policy foresight, they have produced graduates with new levels of knowledge and skills almost as fast as industries increased their demand for them. Yet, the success of these high performing systems has not been replicated throughout the region. Hundreds of millions of students in the region are still in school but not learning, and roughly two of three students in EAP remain in school systems struggling to escape from the global learning crisis, or whose performance is likely poor. Most students in these systems fail to reach basic levels of proficiency in key subjects, and are greatly disadvantaged because of it. This report focuses on the experiences of countries in the region that were able to expand schooling and learning as well as showcases countries that have managed to successfully pursue education reforms at scale. By examining these experiences, it provides both diagnoses and detailed recommendations for improvement not only for education systems within EAP but for countries across the globe. In EAP, the impressive record of success in education in some developing countries is proof-of-concept that schooling in resource-constrained contexts can lead to learning for all. This report identifies the policies and practices necessary to ensure learning and suggests how countries can raise learning outcomes through a framework of five essential domains and their associated elements.-- Provided by Publisher.
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Global economic prospects, January 2017 : weak investment in uncertain times
Stagnant global trade, subdued investment, and heightened policy uncertainty marked another difficult year for the world economy. A moderate recovery is expected for 2017, with receding obstacles to activity in commodity-exporting emerging market and developing economies. Weak investment is weighing on medium-term prospects across many emerging market and developing economies. Although fiscal stimulus in major economies, if implemented, may boost global growth above expectations, risks to growth forecasts remain tilted to the downside. Important downside risks stem from heightened policy uncertainty in major economies. In addition to discussing global and regional economic developments and prospects, this edition of Global Economic Prospects includes a chapter on the causes, consequences and policy implications of weak investment in emerging markets and developing economies, and a special focus on the role of the U.S. economy in the world. Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report that examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on emerging market and developing countries, on a semiannual basis (in January and June). The January edition includes in-depth analyses of topical policy challenges faced by these economies, while the June edition contains shorter analytical pieces.-- Provided by Publisher.
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Atlas of sustainable development goals 2018 : from world development indicators
\"The Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018 is built around World Development Indicators--the World Bank's compilation of statistics from over 200 economies about global development and the quality of people's lives. For each of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, selected indicators have been identified and visualized to anaylze trends and challenges, and to catalyze discussion on measurement issues.\" -- From back cover.
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Atlas of sustainable development goals 2017 : from world development indicators
The atlas uses maps, charts and analysis to illustrate, trends, challenges and measurement issues related to each of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The Atlas primarily draws on World Development Indicators (WDI) - the World Bank's compilation of internationally comparable statistics about global development and the quality of people's lives Given the breadth and scope of the SDGs, the editors have been selective, emphasizing issues considered important by experts in the World Bank's Global Practices and Cross Cutting Solution Areas. Nevertheless, The Atlas aims to reflect the breadth of the Goals themselves and presents national and regional trends and snapshots of progress towards the UN's seventeen Sustainable Development Goals: poverty, hunger, health, education, gender, water, energy, jobs, infrastructure, inequalities, cities, consumption, climate, oceans, the environment, peace, institutions, and partnerships. Between 1990 and 2013, nearly one billion people were raised out of extreme poverty. Its elimination is now a realistic prospect, although this will require both sustained growth and reduced inequality. Even then, gender inequalities continue to hold back human potential. Undernourishment and stunting have nearly halved since 1990, despite increasing food loss, while the burden of infectious disease has also declined. Access to water has expanded, but progress on sanitation has been slower. For too many people, access to healthcare and education still depends on personal financial means. To date the environmental cost of growth has been high. Accumulated damage to oceanic and terrestrial ecosystems is considerable. But hopeful signs exist: while greenhouse gas emissions are at record levels, so too is renewable energy investment. While physical infrastructure continues to expand, so too does population, so that urban housing and rural access to roads remain a challenge, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Meanwhile the institutional infrastructure of development strengthens, with more reliable government budgeting and foreign direct investment recovering from a post-financial crisis decline. Official development assistance, however, continues to fall short of target levels.
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