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Young people, physical activity and the everyday
In this collection, leading international scholars address the differences in young people's experiences and meanings of physical activity as these are related to their social, cultural and geographical locations, to their abilities and their social and personal biographies.
Book
Mitigation of the COVID-19 Virus Pandemic
The mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic has so far revealed large variations regarding reported infectives and fatalities from different countries and regions. The differential equation models used to simulate virus dissemination and the data gathering of infectives and diseased are however susceptible to a range of observational and cognitive biases. The high initial fatality risk reported may have motivated very radical lockdown mitigation measures. The virus mitigation strategy was also influenced by interlocking contingencies between politicians and media. The effects of the mitigative measures should however be evaluated due to their potential collateral damage to the economy as well as on public health issues not directly related to the pandemic. Lessons learned from combatting the COVID-19 pandemic should be utilized to develop knowledge and contingency preparedness to meet global tragedies and new virus pandemics, including our ability to mitigate observational and cognitive biases and to respect the habitats of wildlife.
Journal Article
Disaster Mitigation Under Complex Contingencies: Risk Management Outline for a Connected World
Disasters have always been part of human history. Although global safety has increased over the years, it is a question if the positive trend will continue. The most discussed major uncertainty is climate change, temporarily dwarfed by the COVID-19 virus pandemic. There are however many other challenges due to an increasingly connected and complex world. Failure to recognize an approaching danger is as human as the exaggeration by those who get worried too easily. If risk management systems shall handle the new risks, substantial advances in how to identify new risks are needed as well as improvements in the identification of cost-efficient mitigations. The collateral damage caused by mitigative measures can be high. Invasive actions, possibly amplified by social and traditional media, may disrupt supply chains and factories, and whole economies might suffer. A risk management system that can identify types of global risks and evaluate measures on cost-efficiency is needed to see if the cure could become worse than the disease.
Journal Article
'It felt like i was a black dot on white paper' : examining young former refugees' experience of entering Australian high schools
Schools are often the first point of contact for young refugees resettling in Australia and play a significant role in establishing meaningful connections to Australian society and a sense of belonging in. However, too little is known of how refugee youth encounter school in their new country. This article draws upon individual narratives of 12 young former refugees' experiences of high schools. They were aged between 16 and 19, and a Sudanese youth worker aged 23, from Myanmar, Burundi, Southern Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, and Togo. The article explores the stories told by the young people of being identified as different and of negotiating ways of belonging in schools both academically and socially. It argues that it is how the school positions the newly arrived refugee students within mainstream school culture that opens up or restricts opportunities for inclusion in all aspects of school (in culture and pedagogy). The author considers that the way stories told by the young people show how schools are not seeing or are unconcerned by the discriminatory and racist behaviours toward them is a significant concern. [Author abstract, ed]
Journal Article
HPE teachers' negotiation of environmental health spaces : discursive positions, embodiment and materialism
A National Curriculum in Health and Physical Education (HPE) has recently been developed in Australia. This new curriculum reflects, among other educational priorities, both environmental sensitivities and a commitment to the enhancement of young people's health and wellbeing. HPE is one of the key sites in the curriculum where a focused consideration of the relationship between the environment and health is possible. However, to date no research has considered the ways that HPE teachers might recognise and negotiate these spaces. The research described in this paper addresses this gap through an analysis of semi-structured interviews with generalist primary and specialist secondary HPE teachers, drawing on a 'narrative ethnography' approach derived from cultural geography. This analysis highlights the consequences of the absence of a knowledge tradition that explicitly links the fields of the environment and health in HPE. Participants who were able to conceptualise environmental health almost exclusively drew on dominant neoliberal and risk discourses. At the same time, teachers' embodied histories and affective encounters with non-human nature helped them to rupture or challenge dominant assumptions about environmental health. We argue that corporeal knowledge developed through embodied experiences has the potential to assist teachers in formulating environmental health in ways that highlight how interactions with the environment might enhance health and wellbeing. [Author abstract]
Journal Article
The healthy child citizen: biopedagogies and web-based health promotion
The health of children in affluent economies has become closely tied to the ideal of a normative body weight achieved by monitoring and balancing diet and physical activity. As a result, the education of young people on how to avoid becoming fat begins at an early age through the language and practices of families, the messages embedded in children's media, and through formal schooling. In this paper we use the concept of biopedagogies to investigate how discourses that connect food, the body and health come together on Internet websites to instruct children on how they should come to know and act on themselves in order to be(come) healthy bio-citizens.
Journal Article
Introduction to aircraft aeroelasticity and loads
Introduction to Aircraft Aeroelasticity and Loads, Second Edition is an updated new edition offering comprehensive coverage of the main principles of aircraft aeroelasticity and loads. For ease of reference, the book is divided into three parts and begins by reviewing the underlying disciplines of vibrations, aerodynamics, loads and control, and then goes on to describe simplified models to illustrate aeroelastic behaviour and aircraft response and loads for the flexible aircraft before introducing some more advanced methodologies. Finally, it explains how industrial certification requirements for aeroelasticity and loads may be met and relates these to the earlier theoretical approaches used.
Key features of this new edition include:
* Uses a unified simple aeroelastic model throughout the book
* Major revisions to chapters on aeroelasticity
* Updates and reorganisation of chapters involving Finite Elements
* Some reorganisation of loads material
* Updates on certification requirements
* Accompanied by a website containing a solutions manual, and MATLAB® and SIMULINK® programs that relate to the models used
Introduction to Aircraft Aeroelasticity and Loads, Second Edition is a must-have reference for researchers and practitioners working in the aeroelasticity and loads fields, and is also an excellent textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students in aerospace engineering.
eBook
A school-based intervention to promote physical activity among adolescent girls: Rationale, design, and baseline data from the Girls in Sport group randomised controlled trial
Background
Physical activity levels decline markedly among girls during adolescence. School-based interventions that are multi-component in nature, simultaneously targeting curricular, school environment and policy, and community links, are a promising approach for promoting physical activity. This report describes the rationale, design and baseline data from the
Girls in Sport
group randomised trial, which aims to prevent the decline in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) among adolescent girls.
Methods/Design
A community-based participatory research approach and action learning framework are used with measurements at baseline and 18-month follow-up. Within each intervention school, a committee develops an action plan aimed at meeting the primary objective (preventing the decline in accelerometer-derived MVPA). Academic partners and the State Department of Education and Training act as critical friends. Control schools continue with their usual school programming. 24 schools were matched then randomized into intervention (n = 12) and control (n = 12) groups. A total of 1518 girls (771 intervention and 747 control) completed baseline assessments (86% response rate). Useable accelerometer data (≥10 hrs/day on at least 3 days) were obtained from 79% of this sample (n = 1199). Randomisation resulted in no differences between intervention and control groups on any of the outcomes. The mean age (SE) of the sample was 13.6 (± 0.02) years and they spent less than 5% of their waking hours in MVPA (4.85 ± 0.06).
Discussion
Girls in Sport
will test the effectiveness of schools working towards the same goal, but developing individual, targeted interventions that bring about changes in curriculum, school environment and policy, and community links. By using community-based participatory research and an action learning framework in a secondary school setting, it aims to add to the body of literature on effective school-based interventions through promoting and sustaining increased physical activity participation among adolescent girls.
Trial Registration Number
Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR):
ACTRN12610001077055
Journal Article