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"Wu, Annie"
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Lando's luck
When Lando Calrissian gets caught smuggling on the planet Hynestia, the queen agrees to let him go if he delivers something called the Solstice Globe to the Empire on her behalf. Lando is relieved that his punishment is a simple delivery mission-but he soon discovers things are not as simple as they seem. The queen's daughter, Princess Rinetta, has stowed away on the Millennium Falcon and demands Lando and L3-37 take the globe back to its home planet, which needs the globe to survive. Now Lando has to choose: Do what's right, or do what's best for Lando. But if he's lucky enough, he just might be able to do both....
Book
Sex, age, and hospitalization drive antibody responses in a COVID-19 convalescent plasma donor population
Convalescent plasma is a leading treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but there is a paucity of data identifying its therapeutic efficacy. Among 126 potential convalescent plasma donors, the humoral immune response was evaluated using a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus neutralization assay with Vero-E6-TMPRSS2 cells; a commercial IgG and IgA ELISA to detect the spike (S) protein S1 domain (EUROIMMUN); IgA, IgG, and IgM indirect ELISAs to detect the full-length S protein or S receptor-binding domain (S-RBD); and an IgG avidity assay. We used multiple linear regression and predictive models to assess the correlations between antibody responses and demographic and clinical characteristics. IgG titers were greater than either IgM or IgA titers for S1, full-length S, and S-RBD in the overall population. Of the 126 plasma samples, 101 (80%) had detectable neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers. Using nAb titers as the reference, the IgG ELISAs confirmed 95%-98% of the nAb-positive samples, but 20%-32% of the nAb-negative samples were still IgG ELISA positive. Male sex, older age, and hospitalization for COVID-19 were associated with increased antibody responses across the serological assays. There was substantial heterogeneity in the antibody response among potential convalescent plasma donors, but sex, age, and hospitalization emerged as factors that can be used to identify individuals with a high likelihood of having strong antiviral antibody responses.
Journal Article
Star wars : join the resistance
Mattis Banz knows that he's meant to be a hero of the galaxy like the legendary Luke Skywalker, and when General Leia Organa's Resistance recruits him to join its efforts against the evil First Order, he finally has a chance to fulfill his destiny. But the rest of his squadron doesn't seem very promising. Sure, there's the Zeltron girl Lorica, famous for her exploits foiling evil smugglers, but there's also the swamp boy named Dec, who seems to enjoy causing trouble; Dec's \"brother,\" a droid who thinks he's a pilot; Sari, whose imposing size contradicts her sweet nature; and Jo, the stuffy group leader with secrets. How is Mattis supposed to be the next Poe Dameron when he and his squad mates spend more time in trouble than flying X-wings? The team will have to learn how to work together when the going gets tough, or they won't be going anywhere.
Book
Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is an uncommon neoplastic proliferation of spindled to ovoid cells with morphologic and immunophenotypic features similar to normal follicular dendritic cells. While most follicular dendritic cell sarcomas arise from lymph nodes, at least one-third occur in extranodal sites. A broad differential diagnosis can be developed—as this tumor has morphologic features similar to other tumors, hence creating a diagnostic pitfall—but its immunophenotypic profile is quite specific and is diagnostically crucial. Herein, we review the pathogenesis; histologic morphology; and immunohistochemical, electron microscopy, and clinical features, including treatment and prognosis, of follicular dendritic cell sarcomas. We will briefly describe the role of molecular studies including utility of BRAF mutations in diagnosing this tumor.
Journal Article
Current Status of Immunotherapies for Treating Pancreatic Cancer
Purpose of ReviewDespite all efforts, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a disease that causes substantial morbidity and mortality, with a 5-year survival rate of 7%. Innovative paradigms for treating PDAC are urgently needed.Recent FindingsWe discuss the advances and difficulties in using immunotherapy and developing immunotherapeutic vaccines for PDAC. Current excitement about antigen-specific immunotherapy has been propelled by advances in multiple areas, such as next-generation sequencing to identify neoantigens and manufacturing to produce immunotherapeutic vaccines. Antigen-specific immunotherapy is being actively explored in clinical trials.SummaryAs the field of immunotherapy matures and as our understanding of the complex interactions between tumor and host develops, we hope to identify new methods for treating and managing PDAC.
Journal Article
Plasma ACE2 and risk of death or cardiometabolic diseases: a case-cohort analysis
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an endogenous counter-regulator of the renin–angiotensin hormonal cascade. We assessed whether plasma ACE2 concentrations were associated with greater risk of death or cardiovascular disease events.
We used data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) prospective study to conduct a case-cohort analysis within a subset of PURE participants (from 14 countries across five continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America). We measured plasma concentrations of ACE2 and assessed potential determinants of plasma ACE2 levels as well as the association of ACE2 with cardiovascular events.
We included 10 753 PURE participants in our study. Increased concentration of plasma ACE2 was associated with increased risk of total deaths (hazard ratio [HR] 1·35 per 1 SD increase [95% CI 1·29–1·43]) with similar increases in cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular deaths. Plasma ACE2 concentration was also associated with higher risk of incident heart failure (HR 1·27 per 1 SD increase [1·10–1·46]), myocardial infarction (HR 1·23 per 1 SD increase [1·13–1·33]), stroke (HR 1·21 per 1 SD increase [1·10–1·32]) and diabetes (HR 1·44 per 1 SD increase [1·36–1·52]). These findings were independent of age, sex, ancestry, and traditional cardiac risk factors. With the exception of incident heart failure events, the independent relationship of ACE2 with the clinical endpoints, including death, remained robust after adjustment for BNP. The highest-ranked determinants of ACE2 concentrations were sex, geographic ancestry, and body-mass index (BMI). When compared with clinical risk factors (smoking, diabetes, blood pressure, lipids, and BMI), ACE2 was the highest ranked predictor of death, and superseded several risk factors as a predictor of heart failure, stroke, and myocardial infarction.
Increased plasma ACE2 concentration was associated with increased risk of major cardiovascular events in a global study.
Canadian Institute of Health Research, Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada, and Bayer.
Journal Article
Frequency of a diagnosis of glaucoma in individuals who consume coffee, tea and/or soft drinks
AimsTo evaluate the association between consumption of coffee, tea or soft drinks, and glaucoma in the participants of the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsThe exposures of interest of this retrospective cross-sectional study were caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee, iced tea, hot tea and soft drinks. The outcome of interest was a clinical diagnosis of glaucoma based on the Rotterdam criteria. Analysis of the correlation between the frequency of consumption of each type of beverage and glaucoma was performed using logistic regression modelling while controlling for age, body mass index, gender, ethnicity, smoking status and diabetes. Data were weighted using the multistage NHANES sampling design.ResultsAmong a total of 1678 survey participants, the overall prevalence of glaucoma was 5.1% (n=84). Most participants were non-Hispanic white (n=892; 53.2%). There were no statistically significant associations between consumption of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee, iced tea and soft drinks, and glaucoma. Participants who consumed at least one cup of hot tea daily had a 74% decreased odds of having glaucoma compared with those who did not consume hot tea (adjusted OR=0.26, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.72, P=0.004 for trend); however, no statistically significant association existed for decaffeinated hot tea and glaucoma.ConclusionIn NHANES, participants who consumed hot tea daily were less likely to have glaucoma than those who did not consume hot tea. No significant associations were found between the consumption of coffee, iced tea, decaffeinated tea and soft drinks, and glaucoma risk. This study is limited by its cross-sectional design and use of multiple statistical testing, and larger prospective studies are needed to investigate the proposed association between tea consumption and decreased glaucoma risk.
Journal Article
Molecular targets and strategies in the development of nucleic acid cancer vaccines: from shared to personalized antigens
Recent breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapies have emphasized the importance of harnessing the immune system for treating cancer. Vaccines, which have traditionally been used to promote protective immunity against pathogens, are now being explored as a method to target cancer neoantigens. Over the past few years, extensive preclinical research and more than a hundred clinical trials have been dedicated to investigating various approaches to neoantigen discovery and vaccine formulations, encouraging development of personalized medicine. Nucleic acids (DNA and mRNA) have become particularly promising platform for the development of these cancer immunotherapies. This shift towards nucleic acid-based personalized vaccines has been facilitated by advancements in molecular techniques for identifying neoantigens, antigen prediction methodologies, and the development of new vaccine platforms. Generating these personalized vaccines involves a comprehensive pipeline that includes sequencing of patient tumor samples, data analysis for antigen prediction, and tailored vaccine manufacturing. In this review, we will discuss the various shared and personalized antigens used for cancer vaccine development and introduce strategies for identifying neoantigens through the characterization of gene mutation, transcription, translation and post translational modifications associated with oncogenesis. In addition, we will focus on the most up-to-date nucleic acid vaccine platforms, discuss the limitations of cancer vaccines as well as provide potential solutions, and raise key clinical and technical considerations in vaccine development.
Journal Article
Subjective outcome and quality of life following external dacryocystorhinostomy
Purpose:
To assess the patient reported outcome and quality of life in post external dacryocystorhinostomy operated patients.
Methods:
A prospective questionnaire based study was carried out on 112 patients diagnosed with chronic dacryocystitis who underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy in the department of Orbit and Oculoplasty at a tertiary eye hospital in South India.
Results:
We included 112 cases in our study. Mean (SD) of the age of patients was 48.03 (12.79) years and ranged from 7 to 72 years of age. 44 (39.3%) patients were males and 68 (60.7%) were females. All cases had subjective symptoms of tearing, pain and swelling at baseline which were relieved by post-operative 3 in all cases. The mean (SD) best corrected visual acuity was 0.28 (0.39) at baseline and 0.25 (0.37) at postoperative 3 (p < 0.001). All four parameters studied in the GBI questionnaire - total mean GBI (32.22 vs 48.86, P < 0.001), general subscale (31.21 vs 44.08, P < 0.001), social health (46.28 vs 61.01, P < 0.001), physical outcome (22.17 vs 55.80, P = 0.0001) scores showed significant improvement from 1 vs 3 months post DCR.
Conclusion:
The GBI questionnaire is an effective tool for assessing patients' quality of life following DCR. External DCR can not only produce a successful anatomical outcome but also bring about a measurable improvement in subjective symptoms and quality of life among patients with symptomatic NLDO.
Journal Article
Generation of a spontaneous murine HPV + oral cancer model with site-specific oncogene insertion using CRISPR-SONIC
Human papillomavirus associated head and neck cancer (HPV + HNC) is rising globally, emphasizing the need for improved therapeutic and screening strategies. To test novel therapies and study HPV-related disease progression, it is vital to develop relevant preclinical models. However, many fail to address critical concerns, including generating a representative immune microenvironment and adequately modeling HPV-driven malignant transformation. Recent multi-omics studies reveal the significance of HPV integration location in HPV-related carcinogenesis and highlight the necessity of targeted treatment methods. Thus, we have developed a murine model of HPV16 + HNC modifying the published CRISPR-based Somatic Oncogene kNock-In for Cancer Modeling (CRISPR-SONIC) system for precise integration of HPV oncogenes. We showed that CRISPR-SONIC knock-in of
Kras
G12D
, HPV16 E6 and E7, and a luciferase reporter at the murine β-actin 3’-UTR locus could induce spontaneous buccal tumors with sarcomatous morphology under transient or selective immunosuppression. Both preventative and therapeutic pNGVL4a-CRT/E7(detox) DNA vaccination could induce HPV16 E7-specific immune response and reduce tumor growth. Furthermore, CRISPR-SONIC knock-in of HPV16 E6 and E7 with co-delivery of HNC-relevant oncogenes
AKT
and
c-Myc
produced tumors in NSG mice capturing the characteristic carcinomic morphology of HPV + HNC. Overall, our model offers a robust platform for evaluating new therapies and exploring HPV-related carcinogenesis.
Journal Article