Explore the vast range of titles available.

This paper proposes an innovative strategy that integrates fine-grained semantic feature decoding with Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) fine-tuning model training to significantly improve the performance of text-to-image technology, addressing the limitations of current Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in product conceptual image design. Firstly, semantic information pertinent to product design is collected, and the E-Prime software is utilized to conduct a semantic priming task for extracting key semantic words. Subsequently, the DeepSeek prompt engineering method is employed to decode the fine-grained features of semantic words sequentially from abstract to concrete based on the three dimensions of mental image, functional image, and physical image. Semantic feature prompts are derived by expert evaluation and clustering methods. Finally, the LoRA technique is employed to train the dataset independently based on the semantic feature prompts, achieving the optimal model configuration. Taking the intelligent pulse diagnostic instrument as an example, the application of this strategy in product conceptual design is demonstrated. Furthermore, multi-dimensional assessments of text-to-image outcomes are conducted through comparative experiments, verifying the potential and efficacy of the proposed strategy, which provides a solution for the controlled generation of large models in product design applications.

Sugarcane ( Saccharum spp.), a vital crop for sugar and bioenergy production, faces challenges in breeding due to its narrow genetic base and susceptibility to environmental stresses. To enhance genetic diversity, distant hybridization with wild relatives such as Erianthus rockii , known for its drought tolerance and strong ratooning ability, offers a promising strategy. However, identifying true intergeneric hybrids remains a critical challenge. This study identified true intergeneric hybrids from crosses between S. officinarum and E. rockii using tetra-primer ARMS-PCR and HRM curve analysis targeting SNPs in the nrDNA-ITS region, with genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) validating chromosome composition. The results confirmed 13 true hybrids among 16 progeny, showing a chromosome inheritance pattern of 40 chromosomes derived from S. officinarum and 15 from E. rockii . Hybrid plants, while exhibiting traits from both parents, displayed inferior yield and sugar content compared to the maternal parent, indicating the necessity for further backcrossing to improve agronomic performance. This study pioneers the application of ARMS-PCR and HRM in identifying E. rockii hybrids and underscores their potential in advancing sugarcane breeding by facilitating the introgression of beneficial traits from wild relatives.

Genomic structural variants (SVs) are abundant in humans, differing from other forms of variation in extent, origin and functional impact. Despite progress in SV characterization, the nucleotide resolution architecture of most SVs remains unknown. We constructed a map of unbalanced SVs (that is, copy number variants) based on whole genome DNA sequencing data from 185 human genomes, integrating evidence from complementary SV discovery approaches with extensive experimental validations. Our map encompassed 22,025 deletions and 6,000 additional SVs, including insertions and tandem duplications. Most SVs (53%) were mapped to nucleotide resolution, which facilitated analysing their origin and functional impact. We examined numerous whole and partial gene deletions with a genotyping approach and observed a depletion of gene disruptions amongst high frequency deletions. Furthermore, we observed differences in the size spectra of SVs originating from distinct formation mechanisms, and constructed a map of SV hotspots formed by common mechanisms. Our analytical framework and SV map serves as a resource for sequencing-based association studies. Fine-scale mapping of genetic variation Copy number variations (or CNVs) are large-scale deletions, duplications and insertions that contribute significantly to genetic variation in the human genome, and many CNVs are linked to susceptibility to disease. A high-resolution map of CNVs has now been produced by harnessing information from whole-genome sequencing in 185 individuals. Nucleotide resolution of the map facilitates analysis of structural variant distribution and identification of the mechanisms of their origin. The study provides a resource for sequence-based association studies. Harnessing information from whole genome sequencing in 185 individuals, this study generates a high-resolution map of copy number variants. Nucleotide resolution of the map facilitates analysis of structural variant distribution and identification of the mechanisms of their origin. The study provides a resource for sequence-based association studies.

In order to solve the problem of insufficient design applicability in the field of lower limb rehabilitation, such as interaction, experience comfort, and modeling color, a biological excitation function system was used to guide the solution of the functional scheme of lower limb rehabilitation products, and the transformation of lower limb rehabilitation products in functional interaction, experience, and morphological color design driven by biological information-driven cross-domain mapping was improved. We used patent knowledge mining to study the product functional requirements of lower limb rehabilitation products. The results were used to screen the required biological prototypes, and the biological incentives were used to guide the design problems. According to the principle of analogy and similarity calculation, the similarity matrix was obtained, and then the strategy was analyzed. Through the analogy of functional system–product technology engineering systems, the engineering relationship between multi-biological and multi-design elements was determined. We realized the biological replacement and upgrading of product functions under biological stimulation to guide the design of lower limb rehabilitation products. The accurate quantitative biological information of multi-biological analogy fit has the significance of optimizing the training effect, improving the operation efficiency, and improving the morphology and modeling of the lower limb rehabilitation product engineering transformation and design. The acquisition rate of the functional design requirements of lower limb rehabilitation products based on text mining reached 95%, and the accuracy of the biological design prototype obtained through similarity calculation was higher than 79%, which verified the feasibility of the accurate bioinformatics design method and improved the rigor of the bioinformatics biomimetic design method.

Background Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) in adults is rare. usually combined with dilatation of the ascending aorta. Further disease progression complicated by hematoma or dissection of the ascending aorta is even more complicated and dangerous. Case presentation A 58-year-old male patient with CoA complicated by acute type A aortic intramural hematoma (IMH), who was treated with a two-stage hybrid approach involving an urgent Bentall repair procedure and subsequent endovascular stenting. A 4-year follow-up showed a good prognosis for the patient. Conclusion For patients with aortic coarctation combined with ascending aortic dissection/IMH, life-threatening proximal aortic lesions may be treated first. Secondary stent implantation can then be performed after stabilization to treat the congenital aortic coarctation.

A three-cycle field experiment was conducted to investigate the underlying agronomic mechanism on modulating the root lodging resistance and yield stability of sweet corn in response to the planting density and nitrogen rate during different growth seasons. The experiment comprised two factors with six treatments and was conducted in a split-plot design. Two nitrogen (N) rates (200 kg ha , N200; 150 kg ha ,N150) applied to the main plots and three planting densities (20 cm plant space, D20; 25 cm plant space, D25; and 30 cm plant space, D30; 60 cm rows space for all plots) as subplots. The results indicated that the plants in N150D25 presented better root system architecture, greater root biomass, and more roots per plant. These effects are mediated by the underlying metabolism of endogenous phytohormones, which balance the absorbing and anchoring function of the root system. This further improved the development of plant crown architecture, including stem nodes and ear leaf traits, and further coordinated dry matter dynamics and lignin metabolism between the root and shoot organs. These observations may account for the resistance of the roots to lodging in this treatment. The maximum yield output was achieved in the plants under N150D25 via a significant increase in individual ear fresh weight, kernel number per row, and grain number per ear via path analysis. Compared with that of N200D30 (local field management), the yield of N150D25 plants increased by 22.33%-30.00% during the three growing seasons. Notably, the yield stability was achieved by significantly reducing the coefficient of variation (CV) of cob length and diameter, ear diameter, kernel row number per plant and grain number per plant. Among these factors, the planting date had a considerable effect on ear fresh weight, cob fresh weight, ear length, cob diameter, cob length and kernel row number by significantly increasing the degree of variation. This finding indicated that the planting date is a crucial factor that should be accounted in field crop management. Our findings provide a scientific basis for high-yield production of sweet corn in tropical regions during the \"off season\" period.

User preferences serve as a crucial dimension in describing the product style and its psychological experience. To assist designers in rapidly producing wheel designs that align with user preferences and enhance design efficiency by improving design transparency, this research establishes a user preference-based Automotive Wheel Hub Style Characterization Model (AWSCM). The model primarily consists of a style space, a design element space, and a matching relationship space. The style space is used to capture user preferences and product styles, the design element space for sample clustering and design element extraction, and the matching relationship space for calculating and analyzing the mathematical relationships between product styles and design elements. The model explores and reveals the logical and mathematical quantitative relationships among user preferences, product styles, and design elements. The results of controlled experiments indicate that the AWSCM has significant positive impacts on the design time and design quality. Particularly for non-professional designers, the AWSCM can help reduce the design time and enhance design comprehension, thereby improving design efficiency. This suggests that the AWSCM is beneficial for aiding designers in quickly generating reasonable designs in their design practice.

In this study, the formation mechanism of sliver defects in C-shaped 2D grain selectors during investment casting of single-crystal superalloy was investigated by analyzing the effects of the C-shaped 2D grain selectors on the solidification behavior of superalloy. The physical field properties of the sliver formation and solidification characteristics of CM247LC nickel-based superalloy were determined. The temperature and stress fields were simulated using ProCAST. The results showed that the stress fields of solidification played an essential role in the formation of sliver, indicating that the solidification interval characteristics of the alloy and stress based on the geometry of the C-shaped 2D grain selector are crucial for the formation of sliver. In addition, the origin of sliver depended upon tensile stress during solidification, relying on the constraints of dendrite boundaries. The findings suggested that the joint sections of the starter block—i.e., selector and selector-casting joint of C-shaped selector sections—are stress-sensitive areas where sliver can form readily. Furthermore, sliver is formed in the final stages of solidification and especially originates in the grain selection part where the accumulated thermal stress is high, and there is only a small quantity of liquid phase with a low melting point between the dendrites. Therefore, the solidification and stress conditions generate thermal cracks, which can also cause sliver defects.

This paper proposes using the master-curve band (MCB) to incorporate the unavoidable measurement errors and modeling uncertainty into the bitumen master-curve construction. In general, the rheological property of bitumen within the linear viscoelastic region is characterized by the master curve of modulus and/or phase angle, provided that the bitumen complies with the time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP). However, the master-curve construction is essentially a mathematical fitting process regardless of whether or not the original data is perfect enough to fit. For this reason, the MCB was introduced to consider the uncertainty information instead of a single master curve. Rheological data of four kinds of bitumen including unaged and aged bitumen were used to construct the MCBs. The results indicated that the generalized sigmoidal model showed the widest master-curve band, followed by Christensen-Anderson-Marasteanu (CAM) and CAM (Gg) models. The width of MCB was a useful tool to identify the sensitivity of bitumen to rheological models. The sensitivity of bitumen to rheological models is associated with the number of active parameters in rheological models and model parameters’ confidence intervals. The construction of an MCB was beneficial to select the rheological models. Accordingly, the CAM (Gg) model is proved to be the best to analyze the aging effects.

Date palm regards as a valuable genomic resource for exploring the tolerance genes due to its ability to survive under the sever condition. Although a large number of differentiated genes were identified in date palm responding to salt stress, the genome-wide study of alternative splicing (AS) landscape under salt stress conditions remains unknown. In the current study, we identified the stress-related genes through transcriptomic analysis to characterize their function under salt. A total of 17,169 genes were differentially expressed under salt stress conditions. Gene expression analysis confirmed that the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway genes, such as PdSOS2;1 , PdSOS2;2 , PdSOS4 , PdSOS5 , and PdCIPK11 were involved in the regulation of salt response in date palm, which is consistent with the physiological analysis that high salinity affected the Na + /K + homeostasis and amino acid profile of date palm resulted in the inhibition of plant growth. Interestingly, the pathway of “spliceosome” was enriched in the category of upregulation, indicating their potential role of AS in date palm response to salt stress. Expectedly, many differentially alternative splicing (DAS) events were found under salt stress conditions, and some splicing factors, such as PdRS40 , PdRSZ21 , PdSR45a , and PdU2Af genes were abnormally spliced under salt, suggesting that AS-related proteins might participated in regulating the salt stress pathway. Moreover, the number of differentially DAS-specific genes was gradually decreased, while the number of differentially expressed gene (DEG)-specific genes was increased with prolonged salt stress treatment, suggesting that AS and gene expression could be distinctively regulated in response to salt stress. Therefore, our study highlighted the pivotal role of AS in the regulation of salt stress and provided novel insights for enhancing the resistance to salt in date palm.