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Intracranial aneurysms exhibit a notable prevalence within the general population, characterized by an incidence rate ranging from 1% to 2% and an annual rupture rate of approximately 16.4 per 100,000 individuals.Genes that are diagnostic and therapeutic are being investigated in this study linked to intracranial aneurysms by integrating machine learning, immune infiltration analysis, and single-gene sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database between individuals with intracranial aneurysms and healthy controls.The DEGs were functionally analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO),Disease Ontology (DO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways.Diagnostic biomarkers were identified and validated using machine learning algorithms and confirmed with external validation datasets.Subsequently, circulating biomarkers were assessed, and immune cell infiltration analysis along with single-cell sequencing were employed to elucidate the functional roles of the selected diagnostic biomarkers. It was found that intracranial aneurysm patients and healthy controls shared 13,101 DEGs, with 1,108 genes upregulated and 969 downregulated.Aneurysms containing intracranial aneurysms showed significant immunoresponse-related enrichment in GO,DO,and KEGG pathway analyses.Technologies based on machine learning, such as LASSO, Random Forest, and SVM-RFE(Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination), identified UNC5B and DOK5 as potential diagnostic biomarkers with high efficacy. Immune cell infiltration analysis indicated an elevated presence of various immune cells in intracranial aneurysms, particularly M1 macrophages.The UNC5B gene expression in fibroblasts is linked to intracranial aneurysm pathogenesis. In conclusion, the UNC5B and DOK5 genes emerge as potential diagnostic biomarkers for intracranial aneurysms.There is a positive correlation between UNC5B expression and M1 macrophages and it is primarily found in fibroblasts, suggesting that increased M1 macrophages and UNC5B expression in fibroblasts may contribute to intracranial aneurysm pathogenesis.

With the advancement of engineering technology, prestressed concrete has been increasingly applied in various structures. To accurately and efficiently evaluate the long-term performance of prestressed concrete members, this paper proposes trapezoidal and difference methods for long-term deformation calculation based on the principle of creep superposition. Compared with existing creep refinement approaches and experimental data, the methods presented in this study demonstrate higher accuracy. Moreover, they significantly reduce computational complexity, offering a practical theoretical foundation for creep analysis in large-scale structures. These methods are further extended to two-way prestressed concrete members, addressing the engineering need for accurate long-term performance evaluation in such systems. The findings indicate that the creep development in two-way prestressed members is slower than that in one-way members.

The method of filling mining can solve the problem of surface subsidence caused by coal mining. Among them, it is crucial to study the mechanism of filler strength improvement timeliness and filler mining to control rock movement for filler mining. In this paper, by combining theoretical analysis and similar simulation experiments, compressive strength is used as the research parameter to conduct proportioning test research on paste filling similar materials such as coal gangue, fly ash, and cement. The results prove that the strengths of the test ratios can meet the strength design criteria and lay the foundation for the requirements of similar simulation experiments. In order to study the characteristics of overburden failure, stress and displacement in the process of filling mining, the key technical parameters of overburden movement are determined. Similar simulation experiments were conducted to study the movement and deformation of overburden rock and the displacement and stress distribution law of overburden rock in the coal mine under different filling rates and filling steps conditions. The results show that the filling rate and filling step are the keys to preventing the overlying rock from rupture and collapse, and the larger the filling rate is, the smaller the stress and displacement of the overburden; the larger the filling step is, the larger the displacement and stress change of the overburden, and vice versa. In addition, the displacement curve along the strike is basically an \"arch\" type distribution, and the stress variation trend is \"large-small-large\" with a \"Z\" type distribution. The research results are of great significance to guide the practice of filling mining and can provide the theoretical basis for its further promotion.

In cancer, neutrophils are an important part of the tumour microenvironment (TME). Previous studies have shown that circulating and infiltrating neutrophils are associated with malignant progression and immunosuppression in gliomas. However, recent studies have shown that neutrophils have an antitumour effect. In this review, we focus on the functional roles of neutrophils in the circulation and tumour sites in patients with glioma. The mechanisms of neutrophil recruitment, immunosuppression and the differentiation of neutrophils are discussed. Finally, the potential of neutrophils as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets is highlighted. This review can help us gain a deeper and systematic understanding of the role of neutrophils, and provide new insights for treatment in gliomas.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as new regulatory molecules implicated in diverse biological processes, including therapeutic resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying lncRNA-mediated temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in glioblastoma (GBM) remain largely unknown. To illustrate the role of lncRNA in TMZ resistance, we induce TMZ-resistant GBM cells, perform a lncRNA microarray of the parental and TMZ-resistant cells, and find an unreported lncRNA in GBM, lnc-TALC (temozolomide-associated lncRNA in glioblastoma recurrence), correlated with TMZ resistance via competitively binding miR-20b-3p to facilitate c-Met expression. A phosphorylated AKT/FOXO3 axis regulated lnc-TALC expression in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Furthermore, lnc-TALC increased MGMT expression by mediating the acetylation of H3K9, H3K27 and H3K36 in MGMT promoter regions through the c-Met/Stat3/p300 axis. In clinical patients, lnc-TALC is required for TMZ resistance and GBM recurrence. Our results reveal that lnc-TALC in GBM could serve as a therapeutic target to overcome TMZ resistance, enhancing the clinical benefits of TMZ chemotherapy. Temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma is associated with MGMT overexpression. Here, the authors identify a lncRNA that is a competitive endogenous RNA for miR-20b-3p, which causes c-Met activation to modulate acetylation of histone H3 on MGMT promoter through Stat3/p300 complex to increase MGMT expression and temozolomide resistance.

Lead toxicity in perovskite materials, which have hazardous effects on the environment and the human body, has drawn considerable attention to emerging photovoltaic technology perovskite solar cells. Despite the capability of other strategies to prevent lead leakage, chemisorption is another efficient approach to block Pb leaching by employing Pb absorbents in/out of device structures. This review discusses lead toxicity and summarizes the recent research about chemisorption strategies by their functions: additives, the hole-transporting layers, interfacial modifiers, and encapsulation layers. Finally, the basic guidelines and challenges for designing novel Pb-adsorbing materials and encapsulation structures are presented.

Activation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) protein is frequently observed in malignant progression of gliomas. In this study, the crosstalk activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) signaling pathways is demonstrated to contribute to temozolomide (TMZ) resistance, resulting in an unfavorable prognosis for patients with glioblastoma. To simultaneously mitigate EGFR and MET activation, a dual functionalized brain-targeting nanoinhibitor, BIP-MPC-NP, is developed by conjugating Inherbin3 and cMBP on the surface of NHS-PEG 8 -Mal modified MPC-nanoparticles. In the presence of BIP-MPC-NP, DNA damage repair is attenuated and TMZ sensitivity is enhanced via the down-regulation of E2F1 mediated by TTP in TMZ resistant glioma. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows a significant repression in tumor growth and a prolonged survival of mice after injection of the BIP-MPC-NP and TMZ. These results demonstrate the promise of this nanoinhibitor as a feasible strategy overcoming TMZ resistance in glioma. Receptor tyrosine kinases are often activated in malignant gliomas. Here, the authors develop a dual functionalized brain targeting nano-inhibitor to simultaneously target EGFR and MET pathways, and show this can overcome temozolomide resistance in glioma.

To address the durability degradation of cemented backfill materials under coupled freeze–thaw and sulfate attack in cold-arid mining areas, this study prepared coal gangue paste backfill specimens. Alternating experiments (50 freeze–thaw cycles and 50 days of sulfate erosion) were conducted on control (C0) and coupled (FS) groups, and the mass loss rate, mechanical properties, dynamic elastic modulus, and pore structure evolution were systematically analyzed. The results indicated that: under coupled conditions, the mass loss rate increased exponentially with cycles, reaching 8.57–10.18% after 50 cycles; the compressive and flexural strength loss rates (73.2–98.6% and 70.8–94.7%, respectively) were significantly higher than those under single-factor conditions, exhibiting three-stage attenuation characteristics. Mercury intrusion porosimetry showed pore coarsening: the proportion of harmful pores (> 1 μm) increased from 5–15 to 22–26%, and the median pore diameter expanded from 0.18 μm to 0.53 μm. A 'pore-mechanics coupled damage model’ (R 2  = 0.94) was established to quantify the synergistic effects of harmful pores and cycles. The high-cementitious ratio group (3:1, FS-P2) effectively inhibited pore expansion, with harmful pores at only 15% after 50 cycles and strength retention improved by 15.4–29.0% relative to other groups. This research elucidates the chain mechanism of freeze–thaw-sulfate coupled damage and establishes a pore-threshold-based design method for backfill durability, providing theoretical support for material optimization and engineering applications in cold-arid mining regions.

Traditional concrete materials are expensive and ecologically detrimental, presenting significant challenges in balancing construction cost control with durability requirements for underground roads. To enable near-site, high-value utilization of bulk coal-based solid waste while optimizing coal mine roadway concrete performance, a fly ash-coal gangue concrete is developed in this study. In this material, natural crushed stone aggregates are substituted with coal gangue and cement is replaced with fly ash. Using coal gangue replacement rates (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) and fly ash content (0%, 10%, 20%) as experimental variables, fresh concrete workability was assessed via slump tests; Strength characteristics and drying shrinkage behavior of hardened concrete were evaluated through compressive and flexural strength testing; Pore structure characteristics were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); The optimization effect of triethanolamine dosages (0%, 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%) on drying shrinkage and mechanical properties was investigated in high-fly-ash-content concrete. The results demonstrate that concrete slump is significantly reduced by coal gangue content exceeding 40%, whereas workability is enhanced by appropriate fly ash addition; Concrete strength is diminished by elevated coal gangue content, necessitating a maximum dosage of 40%; Concrete compactness is improved and pore structure is refined by 10% fly ash content, while pore structure integrity is degraded by 20% fly ash; Drying shrinkage is increased by coal gangue but effectively mitigated by fly ash incorporation; Both drying shrinkage resistance and mechanical strength of fly ash-coal gangue concrete are substantially optimized by adding 0.03% triethanolamine.

Although AI-generated texts are increasingly attractive to the EFL/ESL researchers and teachers, few studies have examined those texts from logical and rhetorical perspectives. This study explored whether AI model can argue more sufficiently and tactfully than human writers. The data source consisted of 60 argumentative essays from EFL learners’ written corpus and a parallel ChatGPT-written corpus. Content analysis and quantitative analysis were employed to do the comparisons. The results displayed that the ChatGPT could argue more sufficiently than the EFL students by providing more grounds and warrants to justify the claims, and that it could only use monotonous type of warrant to gain argument sufficiency despite its same preference of argument width as the human writers, that is, using parallel arguments to support the claims. Moreover, the machine showed less tactfulness by expressing claims with more certainty and by using fewer concessions before refuting. Implications in writing instruction are emphasized such as the culturally and emotionally embedded nature of human communication.