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A promising method was established for the determination of nine halobenzoquinones (HBQs) in potable water by membrane solid-phase extraction (MSPE) pretreatment and the liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. A 500 mL water sample was taken for enrichment by the SDB-RPS membrane, which was previously activated by methanol and ultrapure water. The sample was eluted with methanol and re-dissolved with the initial mobile phase after nitrogen blowing. Then, it was detected in negative ion mode using the working curve, and HBQs were quantified by the external standard method. The linearity was satisfactory in the concentration range of 4-1000 ng/L, with correlation coefficients of 0.9963~0.9994. The recoveries were 73.5~126.6% at three spiked levels, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 6.8~15.5%. The limits of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) values were 0.1~0.7 ng/L. The results demonstrate that the MSPE-LC-MS method is reliable, rapid, and sensitive for the simultaneous analysis of nine HBPs in potable water.

Enhancing the accuracy of genomic prediction is a key goal in genomic selection (GS) research. Integrating prior biological information into GS methods using appropriate models can improve prediction accuracy for complex traits. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is widely utilized to identify potential candidate loci associated with complex traits in livestock and poultry, offering essential genomic insights. In this study, a GWAS was conducted on 685 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs to extract significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genomic features. We compared two GS models, genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and genomic feature BLUP (GFBLUP), by using imputed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data on 651 Yorkshire pigs. The results revealed that the GBLUP model achieved prediction accuracies of 0.499 for backfat thickness (BFT) and 0.423 for loin muscle area (LMA). By applying the GFBLUP model with GWAS-based SNP preselection, the average prediction accuracies for BFT and LMA traits reached 0.491 and 0.440, respectively. Specifically, the GFBLUP model displayed a 4.8% enhancement in predicting LMA compared to the GBLUP model. These findings suggest that, in certain scenarios, the GFBLUP model may offer superior genomic prediction accuracy when compared to the GBLUP model, underscoring the potential value of incorporating genomic features to refine GS models.

Human mediated intra‐continental exchange of genetic material among domesticated organisms has never been restricted to a single direction. The introduction of pig breeds between China and Europe aims to enhance economically important traits in local populations. However, the reciprocal introgression pattern, specifically the role of introgressed genes and structural variations (SVs), remains underexplored. A global collection of whole‐genome resequencing data is utilized from 418 pigs to generate comprehensive dataset, including single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as well as SVs. The analysis reveals incomplete linkage disequilibrium between SVs and adjacent SNPs, highlighting the limitations of conventional SNP‐based analyses in capturing the genetic effects of SVs. By examining both population‐level SNPs and SVs, bidirectional introgression between Chinese and European pig populations is characterized. It is identified 3558 bidirectional introgressed genomic segments and 30 SVs, with haplotypes at BMP2, which are associated with improved body size. The origin and allele frequency trajectory of the BMP2 segment are further validated using ancient genomes, suggesting that the body size‐enhancing haplotype likely originated from ancient European populations and has since maintained a relatively high allele frequency. Overall, the results highlight the significant role of bidirectional introgression in shaping the genetic composition and phenotypic traits in modern pig breeds. This study investigates bidirectional introgression between Chinese and European pig populations, revealing 3558 introgressed genomic segments and 30 structural variations. Analysis of the BMP2 region suggests its role in body size enhancement. By integrating ancient and modern genomes, the study highlights the impact of introgression on genetic diversity and phenotypic traits in domesticated pigs.

Bidirectional Introgression This cover depicts bidirectional genetic exchange between Asian and European pig populations. A DNA double helix bridging Asia (upper) and Europe (lower) symbolizes bidirectional gene flow driven by human‐mediated activities, particularly intra‐continental trade between China and Europe via shipping routes. This design highlights the role of human‐mediated introgression in shaping the genetic and phenotypic constitution of modern pig breeds. More details can be found in article number 2416573 by Jie Yang, Zhenfang Wu, Langqing Liu, and co‐workers.

The intuitive impression of pork is extremely important in terms of whether consumers are enthusiastic about purchasing it. Flesh color and intramuscular fat (IMF) are indispensable indicators in meat quality assessment. In this study, we determined the flesh color and intramuscular fat at 45 min and 12 h after slaughter (45 mFC, 45 mIMF, 12 hFC, and 12 hIMF) of 1518 commercial Duroc × Landrace × Large White (DLY) pigs. We performed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis with 28,066 SNPs. This experiment found that the correlation between 45 mFC and 12 hFC was 0.343. The correlation between 45 mIMF and 12 hIMF was 0.238. The heritability of the traits 45 mFC, 12 hFC, 45 mIMF, and 12 hIMF was 0.112, 0.217, 0.139, and 0.178, respectively, and we identified seven SNPs for flesh color and three SNPs for IMF. Finally, several candidate genes regulating these four traits were identified. Three candidate genes related to flesh color were provided: SNCAIP and PRR16 on SSC2, ST3GAL4 on SSC5, and GALR1 on SSC1. A total of three candidate genes related to intramuscular fat were found, including ABLIM3 on SSC2, DPH5 on SSC4, and DOCK10 on SSC15. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analysis revealed that these genes are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and are implicated in functions such as pigmentation and skeletal muscle metabolism. This study applied GWAS to analyze the scoring results of flesh color and IMF in different time periods, and it further revealed the genetic structure of flesh color and IMF traits, which may provide important genetic loci for the subsequent improvement of pig meat quality traits.

Two-body correlations of the isotope-resolved light and heavy clusters are measured in \\(^{86}\\)Kr+\\(^{\\rm 208}\\)Pb reactions at 25 MeV/u. The yield and kinetic variables of the \\(A=3\\) isobars, triton and \\(^3\\)He, are analyzed in coincidence with the heavy clusters of \\(7\\le A \\le 14\\) emitted at the earlier chance. While the velocity spectra of both triton and \\(^3\\)He exhibit scaling behavior over the type of the heavy clusters, the yield ratios of \\({\\rm t/^3He}\\) correlate reversely to the neutron-to-proton ratio \\(N/Z\\) of the latter, showing the ping-pong modality of the \\(N/Z\\) of emitted clusters. The commonality that the \\(N/Z\\) of the residues keeps the initial system value is extended to the cluster emission in heavy ion reactions. The comparison of transport model calculations to the data is discussed.

The intensity interferometry is applied as a chronometer of the particle emission of hydrogen isotopes from the intermediate velocity source formed in \\(^{40}\\)Ar+\\(^{197}\\)Au reactions at 30 MeV/u. The dynamic emission order of \\(\\tau_{\\rm p}>\\tau_{\\rm d}>\\tau_{\\rm t}\\) is evidenced via the correlation functions of nonidentical particle pairs. Assuming the similar source size, the same emission order is inferred from the correlation functions of identical particle pairs, where \\(\\tau_{\\rm p} \\approx 100 {\\rm ~fm/c}\\) is extracted by the fit of Koonin-Pratt equation to p-p correlation function. Transport model simulations demonstrate that the dynamic emission order of light charged particles depends on the stiffness of the nuclear symmetry energy.

The neutron rich neck zone created in heavy ion reaction is experimentally probed by the production of the \\(A=3\\) isobars. The energy spectra and angular distributions of triton and \\(^3\\)He are measured with the CSHINE detector in \\(^{86}\\)Kr +\\(^{208}\\)Pb reactions at 25 MeV/u. While the energy spectrum of \\(^{3}\\)He is harder than that of triton, known as \"\\(^{3}\\)He-puzzle\", the yield ratio \\(R({\\rm t/^3He})\\) presents a robust rising trend with the polar angle in laboratory. Using the fission fragments to reconstruct the fission plane, the enhancement of out-plane \\(R({\\rm t/^3He})\\) is confirmed in comparison to the in-plane ratios. Transport model simulations reproduce qualitatively the experimental trends, but the quantitative agreement is not achieved. The results demonstrate that a neutron rich neck zone is formed in the reactions. Further studies are called for to understand the clustering and the isospin dynamics related to neck formation.

We report the reconstruction method of the fast fission events in 25 MeV/u \\(^{86}\\)Kr +\\(^{208}\\)Pb reactions at the Compact Spectrometer for Heavy IoN Experiment (CSHINE). The fission fragments are measured by three large-area parallel plate avalanche counters, which can deliver the position and the arrival timing information of the fragments. The start timing information is given by the radio frequency of the cyclotron. Using the velocities of the two fission fragments, the fission events are reconstructed. The broadening of both the velocity distribution and the azimuthal difference of the fission fragments decrease with the folding angle, in accordance with the picture that fast fission occurs. The anisotropic angular distribution of the fission axis also reveals consistently the dynamic feature the fission events.