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Surau appears to be the first institution and the main place of teaching where scholars educated the Minangkabau people on numerous concepts from the Middle East, resulting in the development of two distinct religious concepts. This article analyses the implications of these two differing perspectives in relation to religion, leading to a shift from a previously singular religious adherence to multiple practices. Based on primary-source material including treatises, letters and historical documents as well as employing comparative and oral-historical approaches, this research investigates the tension between tradition and reform in the Minangkabau societies. The study demonstrates that surau served not only as the site for the divergence of the ideologies, but also emerged as the space for mediation and reconciliation. These case studies contribute to our understanding of Islamic education by illustrating that the transformation of religion in Minangkabau was not the result of conflict, but rather of the rich and evolving situation in the region.

The article aims to identify the research gap by qualitatively analyzing request speech acts in the Minangkabau language. This study uses a qualitative approach to investigate ‘naturally happening talks data’, which refers to real-life conversations and interactions from Minangkabau speakers to identify the linguistic strategies used in pre-request speech acts. The findings demonstrate that these strategies are depicted in the cultural values of the community – such as respect for class structure, holding harmony and drift to communicate indirectly. The results indicate that Minangkabau speakers often use polished and culturally nuanced politeness strategies, contemplating the community’s commitment to reciprocal respect and social unity. This research contributes to the field of pragmatics by enlightening the interactions between language and culture in forming speech acts. It focuses on the importance of cultural consciousness in understanding the communication system. It proposes a perception that can build up cross-cultural interactions, especially when the nuances of pre-demand strategies are essential. In addition, this study is widely applied to pragmatic theory and practice, granting a functional and cultural lens for analyzing speech acts in the context of the Minangkabau language with its rule of speaking called as Kato nan Ampek.

This study is investigating the linguistic features of sports commentary. The focus is the politeness techniques using and gender-specific language variations observed in 2022 FIFA World Cup. This study used qualitative approach. This study was examining the collection of real-time commentary from various matches in 2022 World Cup. The analysis of this study focusses on prominent politeness methods, including softened criticism, neutral descriptions, respectful acknowledgments, and positive reinforcement. It further investigates the effectiveness of these strategies in the specific context of live sports broadcasting. The findings suggest that the use of politeness tactics is important for maintaining the professional users and engaging tone when commenting the match. This study also found that female commentators disposed to use more supportive and cooperative language, emphasizing teamwork and exertion, while male commentators disposed to use more competitive and authoritative language, focusing on individual performance and strategic analysis. These findings consistent with the research on gender communication and emphasize the significance of comprehending special style communication styles in sports commentary. This study branch holds significant importance for both the field of sports broadcasting and the branch of linguistics. The results indicate that commentator training programs should include knowledge of politeness techniques and gender-specific communication styles in order to improve audience involvement and provide a pleasant viewing experience. This work improves the knowledge of language usage in real-time sports commentary, such as dynamic and culturally significant situation in linguistic form. It highlights the significance of language in reflect and reinforce the cultural values and conventions, promoting inclusiveness, and deepening the spectator’s which tie up with the event. Keywords: Live Sports Commentary, Politeness Strategies, Sports Broadcasting.

This study analyzed how football commentary during the World Cups of 2010, 2014, and 2018 serves as a reflection of cultural, religious, and community values within the Islamic country. The primary objective is to explore how these commentaries are used in Islamic teachings, cultural pride, and social unity into the fabric of sports narratives, and to assess the implications for Islamic education. The research employs a qualitative content analysis, focusing on football commentaries from YouTube impressions Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Indonesia, Turkey, and Morocco. The study examines how these commentaries are infused with values. The values are teamwork, respect, humility, and the connection of success with Islamic principles. The findings of this study found that football commentary is a potent tool for reinforcing national and religious identities, fostering a sense of unity, and promoting positive society values. For instance, commentaries from Saudi Arabia and Egypt highlight the link between football success and Islamic teachings, deepening the viewers' sense of cultural heritage. Indonesian and Turkish commentaries emphasize collective effort and social cohesion, mirroring broader community values. This research contributes to Islamic education by demonstrating how football can be an effective medium for imparting religious and moral values. By incorporating Islamic teachings into sports, educators and community leaders have the opportunity to engage younger generations in a way that is both relevant and meaningful. This approach not only helps to strengthen cultural identity but also provides a dynamic platform for promoting core Islamic values in a contemporary context. Keywords: Football Commentary, Islamic Values, Cultural Identity.

This study analyses the Indonesian sport announcers in relation to their repositioning as integral constituents of the game through the use of language and cultural content and embedding them in the cultural context of the country. The main purpose is to analyze how commentators create stories that are appealing to audiences, evoke emotions as well as build up nationalism. In this qualitative study, commentary data from different broadcasts of sporting events is examined, with specific attention to emotionality, cultural and syntactical elements of language. The research shows that Indonesian narrators utilize storytelling techniques to captivate their audiences. Other issues accentuated are the themes of national togetherness or oneness, hardwork and solidarity that tended to be pronounced in important matches and international games. Some words or these images of language socialise the audience and positively prepare them to their devotion to the sport and unite them toward the success of the sport. For example, sentiments concerning success at the national level and pride at having originated from a successful area not only highlight narrower success but also extend it to the broader society. This study advances both sports and sociolinguistics by elaborating about language, culture and sports events in the context of Indonesia. It shows the importance of sports commentary as a means of fostering cultural identity and social integration. The study also describes how the commentators create stories appealing to the viewers and opens the way for future investigation into the role played by media narratives in developing public opinion and community participation. In its outcomes, this research broadens the appreciation of the role of sports commentary in the entertainment and cultural industries and emphasizes the influence of language and culture on the audience experience.

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Sport Integrated Circuit (SIC) training model on the improvement of badminton skills by student-athletes in the age bracket of 12 and 15 years. Physical, technical, and cognitive training are combined in the SIC model, with the aim of improving performance. Qualitative descriptive with a sample of 30 students was the design adopted, where the data obtained through use of observations, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The observations measured the level of participation, the skill acquisition and training intensity, while the interviews and focus group discussions gave feedback and experiences of the participants. The findings showed that key skills related to badminton were effectively improved through the SIC training model. Observations indicated that there were advancements in footwork, reaction time, and control of the shuttle, with 28 students making noticeable enhancement in the said areas. A good proportion of the participants claimed high engagement levels and satisfaction in the training, reporting improvement in performance and self-confidence. However, there were some challenges recorded: some students were unable to cope with the intensity of the training provided and more personalized instruction was required for various students. In addition, it was recommended by participants that more strategic game play scenarios could be included in the model for better preparation of athletes in competitive settings. In conclusion, the SIC training model has suitable results when oriented in enhancing badminton skills owing to its integrated nature. It is suggested that refinements that include altering the training load and reliance on one-on-one coaching as well as the use of more competitive situations be incorporated in order to improve the effectiveness of the model and match it more appropriately to the demands of younger sports participants.

This study seeks to emphasise the importance of endurance training in improving the physical well-being of college students. Cardiovascular fitness, body composition, and muscular strength are crucial for overall health, particularly among university students, driving the motivation for this study. The study involved 42 university students who were surveyed using standardised instruments to evaluate their participation in endurance training activities and self-reported physical health indicators. Researchers conducted correlation studies to explore the connections between the frequency and duration of endurance exercise and cardiovascular fitness, body composition, and muscular strength. The study design involved survey distribution, data collection on physical health indicators, and statistical analysis to identify the correlations. The study's findings show that there are strong positive connections between the frequency and length of endurance training and improvements in cardiovascular fitness and muscular strength among university students. Nevertheless, there were no notable correlations found between body mass index and sit-up ability. These findings highlight the potential advantages of regular endurance training for improving various areas of physical health in this particular group. This study holds significance for coaches, fitness professionals, and university students. The significance of incorporating endurance training into the exercise regimens of university students to enhance their physical well-being is emphasised. Coaches can empower students to improve their overall well-being by emphasising the advantages of endurance exercise and offering personalised advice. This research further enhances the existing knowledge on the significance of endurance training in university settings by providing practical suggestions for coaching interventions. Keywords: Cardiovascular Fitness, Body Composition, Muscular Strength  

The best means and ways to develop an athlete's physical and skill capabilities, and among these means is the use of training aids that help develop some bio-kinetic abilities, and prepared exercises have had an important role in improving athletic performance in badminton, where the player must possess physical fitness, explosive power, and strength. Characterized by speed as well as accuracy, awareness, and focus while playing on the court, the badminton player must be physically fit through a continuous movement of small and large muscles to achieve good performance, which requires special physical abilities and skills, and the most important of these bio-kinetic abilities are agility, coordination, and measuring the coordination between the eye and the arm. These abilities are needed by the badminton player while playing on the court. The study aimed to prepare special exercises using some auxiliary tools to develop some bio-kinetic abilities and the accuracy of the crushing and lightning forehand strikes among badminton players, in addition to identifying the effect of special exercises using some auxiliary tools on For badminton players, the researcher adopted the experimental method, and the sample number was (10) players from the badminton training center in the Armenian club, aged (17-19). They were distributed into two experimental and control groups, and they were chosen randomly because the research objectives require the use of athletes proficient in the game's technical performance. The researcher applied her main experiment using special exercises with some auxiliary tools, with (4) training units per week for (8) weeks. The results of the study showed that there was a positive effect on the results of bio-kinetic abilities between the two groups and in favor of the experimental group. It was shown in the kinetic response speed test for the first experimental group 7.423, agility 3.012, and compatibility 3.123, and for the second experimental group in the kinetic response speed test 3.208, agility 6.861, and compatibility 6.907. As for the skill tests for the first experimental group, The front smash hit was 7,234 and the diagonal front snap shot was 28.00. It was shown in the skill tests for the second experimental group that the front smash hit was 3,372 and the diagonal front snap shot was 3,400, which included exercises. The researcher recommends adopting the results of this study and disseminating them, and emphasizing equipping the stadiums with modern training methods, due to the results they achieve. Positive physical development serves one of the goals of sustainable development: good health and good education.

Learning that is still monotonous, limited creative and innovative teaching materials and teaching and learning activities that are less fun are obstacles to achieving the physical fitness goals of students. The purpose of developing electronic modules with physical fitness materials based on play activities for students at the elementary school level is to develop electronic modules through play activities and improve the physical fitness of students at the elementary school level. This type of research is Research and Development which consists of potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product trial and product revision. This study involved 64 students from 3 schools, 3 lecturers (material experts, linguists and media experts) and 2 sports teachers at the elementary school level. Physical fitness data collection using the Nusantara Student Fitness Test. The results of the study 1) The creation of an electronic module of physical fitness material based on valid and reliable play activities, 2) Can improve the physical fitness of students through fun play activities. Electronic modules as part of technological developments can be used directly by society at large for the purpose of physical fitness, so that future researchers can provide more detailed aspects of physical fitness. Keywords: Electronic module; physical fitness; Play Activities; Healthy    

Learning that is still monotonous, limited creative and innovative teaching materials and teaching and learning activities that are less fun are obstacles to achieving the physical fitness goals of students. The purpose of developing electronic modules with physical fitness materials based on play activities for students at the elementary school level is to develop electronic modules through play activities and improve the physical fitness of students at the elementary school level. This type of research is Research and Development which consists of potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product trial and product revision. This study involved 64 students from 3 schools, 3 lecturers (material experts, linguists and media experts) and 2 sports teachers at the elementary school level. Physical fitness data collection using the Nusantara Student Fitness Test. The results of the study 1) The creation of an electronic module of physical fitness material based on valid and reliable play activities, 2) Can improve the physical fitness of students through fun play activities. Electronic modules as part of technological developments can be used directly by society at large for the purpose of physical fitness, so that future researchers can provide more detailed aspects of physical fitness.