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Until recently, commercial cultivation of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) was illegal in the United States. Industrial hemp is cultivated for multiple purposes including fiber, seed, and biomass production; each requiring a different agronomic system which may require different nutrient and fertility recommendations. However, there is limited peer‐reviewed research available on hemp plant fertility requirements and soil‐nutrient removal. This essentially multiplies the research effort needed to generate scientifically sound fertigation recommendations. Some fertility research has been published from European and Canadian studies, but as cultivation of hemp increases in the U.S. researchers and extension personnel will be asked to generate recommendations for profitable hemp cultivation. This creates a need for new, updated, and relevant fertility research to form the basis of peer‐reviewed recommendations. This article reviews and summarizes the current state of peer‐reviewed industrial hemp fertility research and we pose ideas for future fertility studies necessary for the development of industrial hemp fertilizer recommendations.

Introduction Health care systems have failed to address the poor physical health outcomes of people living with severe mental illness. Interventions that focus on specific health behaviours and/or lack a co-design basis show little promise. There is a need for whole systems approaches that tackle the complex issues, including social isolation, discrimination, stigma, and low motivation, that influence poor health in this population. A social prescribing model that accommodates the needs and preferences may be a way forward. Methods A mixed methods approach that assesses the CHOICE model (Challenging Health Outcomes Integrating Care Environments) in relation to (a) the social exclusion, loneliness and social support of a cohort of people living in the community; (b) participants’ experience of social prescribing and potential improvements to the intervention; (c) understanding the implementation factors, mechanisms and outcomes; (d) the engagement and sustainment of community partnerships; (e) institutional changes in policy and practice. Discussion Codesigned and community-based participatory interventions may be crucial in tackling the health and social inequalities experienced by people with severe mental illness. However, given the complexity of such interventions, the social prescribing model that we describe in this paper, requires considerable implementation data prior to a full trial.

Objective To examine the mediating effect of childhood abuse on sexual orientation disparities in tobacco and alcohol use during adolescence. Methods We carried out analyses with data from over 62,000 women in the ongoing Nurses' Health Study II cohort who provided information on sexual orientation, childhood abuse occurring by age 11, and tobacco and alcohol use in adolescence. We used multivariate regression analyses, controlling for confounders, to estimate the mediating effect of childhood abuse on the association between sexual orientation and tobacco and alcohol use in adolescence. Results Lesbian and bisexual orientation and childhood abuse were positively associated with greater risk of tobacco and alcohol use during adolescence. For lesbians, the estimated proportion of excess tobacco and alcohol use in adolescence relative to use among heterosexual women that was mediated by abuse in childhood ranged from 7 to 18%; for bisexual women, the estimated proportion of excess use mediated by abuse ranged from 6 to 13%. Conclusions Elevated childhood abuse in lesbian and bisexual women partially mediated excess tobacco and alcohol use in adolescence relative to heterosexual women. Interventions to prevent child abuse may reduce sexual orientation disparities in some of the leading causes of cancer in women.

We read differently outside. Discussing works by two experimental poets, a. rawlings and Christine Stewart, this essay draws on geocritical and ecocritical methodologies alongside Indigenous theories that link language, story, and land to consider how an outdoor pedagogical practice attunes readers not only to the spatial dynamics of language, but also to the linguistic dynamics of place. While the colonial, sedentary structures of traditional classrooms shut out the world, immersing us in literary realms as though they were separate from our physical realities, reading outside makes us viscerally aware of how land and language shape one another. Beyond the walls of our classrooms and homes, we can feel our entanglements with the land, its histories, and other species. In the colonial spaces of Canada, which continues to grapple with considerable ecological and social harms, cultivating such awareness matters: while reading outside is not enough to save us from the environmental crises we are facing or assuage colonial grief and guilt, doing so brings us closer to the living edges of language, which is where new forms of attention might nourish a more mutually sustaining relationship between land and words.

The names of writers that congregate in particular regions, cities, and towns invite us to contemplate how these places have nurtured literary culture, while the titles of texts remind us that the physical world is full of imaginary life-that places are inhabited not just by real people but also by fictional characters (some of whom may indeed seem more real than their authors). [...]inscribed on the surface of the country itself, novels, plays, and poems, these maps suggest, have sprung from the land as naturally as the moose, bighorn sheep, and beaver that decorate the blank spaces of Deacon's map. [...]cartography implicitly substantiates Deacon's belief that \"Canadian literature... had a high and holy mission in the building of Canada and her people\" and that \"the printed word could change the world\" (Thomas 13-14). [...]in Place, Art, and Self, Tuan suggests that \"the arts themselves are places-virtual places\": \"Isn't it true,\" he asks, \"that we pause before them, rest in them, and are, in one sense of [sic] another, nurtured by them, as we rest and are nurtured by the towns and cities and landscapes we live in or visit?\" (20, 3). Toponyms such as Middlesex, Norwich, and Kent inscribe the so-called \"New World\" with the memory of the \" old,\" the metaspace of Burwell's poem pointing to both simultaneously (487-522). [...]did William Kirby write, in The U.E.: A Tale of Upper Canada (1859), about \"The fertile West\" whose boundary ever flies Before the axe th' advancing woodman plies; Where wave on wave, the sons of Britain's Isle, Spread through the forests, and possess the soil; Where England's manly speech is only heard; Her laws transcribed and her names transferred, Which her proud Colonists, on every hand, Plant as memorials of their native land.

With the current rate of declines in global biodiversity, it is apparent that wildlife diseases are serving as additional threats to population declines and potentially species extinctions. Free-ranging Eastern Massasaugas (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) have been reported susceptible to numerous health threats, one of which is a fatal fungal dermatitis. In response to the occurrence of the fungal dermatitis, a health survey and disease investigation was conducted on Eastern Massasaugas near Carlyle, Illinois in 2011. We captured 38 Eastern Massasaugas from March to April 2011. Polymerase chain reaction assays were performed from swabs collected from the faces of 34 snakes. We obtained hematologic data for 31 individuals, plasma biochemical data for 24, and toxicological data for 18. There was no evidence of Chrysosporium in any of the samples. Hematologic and plasma biochemistry parameters were consistent with previous health studies in the Carlyle population. Elemental toxicologic investigation of the plasma indicated variable levels of lead, copper, selenium, strontium, tin, iron, and zinc.