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BackgroundPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is seen in nearly 30% of patients with psoriasis. As a new targeted treatment drug, risanzumab may provide a new treatment with fewer side effects for patients with psoriasis arthritis. However, there are currently discrepancies in the evaluation of the efficacy of Risankizumab in PsA patients.ObjectivesThis study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy of Risankizumabin patients with PsA.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, Clinical Trials. gov, FDA. gov and print databases (SSRN, bioRxiv, and MedRxiv) from the establishment of the database to January 2, 2023, and conducted data analysis in Stata 12.0. We used the I-squared (I2) to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies in order to select the appropriate model for statistical analysis. A random-effects model will be used when I2>50%, otherwise, a fixed-effect model will be applied. The publication bias was evaluated by using Egger test.ResultsWe ultimately included 11 studies that included data on six outcome indexes. The results of the meta-analysis of ACR20 as our main outcome indicator of interest showed patients in the Risankizumab group had a significantly higher ACR20 response rate than those in the placebo group at 24 weeks [RR=1.768, 95%CI (1.572, 1.988), P<0.001]. In addition, compared with the placebo group, the MDA response rate of Risankizumab group significantly higher [RR=1.841, 95%CI 1.084-3.126, P<0.05]. Then, SF-36 score [SMD=0.508, 95%CI (0.337, 0.678), P<0.001] were improved in the Risankizumab group, which was statistically significantly different from the placebo group. For HAQ-DI, the Risankizumab group had significantly lower scores than the placebo group[SMD=-0.273, 95%CI (0.373, 0.172), P<0.001]. However, FACIT-F scores in the Risankizumab group were significantly higher than placebo group [SMD=0.270, 95%CI (0.177, 0.364), P<0.001]. For PASI, patients had an average reduction of 9.8 points after Risankizumab treatment [MD=-9.832, 95%CI (14.367, 5.298), P<0.001]. (Figure 1)ConclusionThe overall results of the meta-analysis show that Risankizumab treatment can significantly improve the symptoms of PsA such as arthritis and skin symptoms, improve the clinical remission rate and the quality of life of patients. However, taking Risankizumab may also potentially increase fatigue levels in patients.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.

BackgroundPsoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin[1]. The IL-23/IL-17 immune pathway plays a vital role in promoting Psoriasis pathogenesis[2]. Tildrakizumab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against interleukin 23 p19, is currently used in the treatment of patients with psoriasis.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of tildrakizumab in the treatment of psoriasis.MethodsFive databases, including PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were retrieved from their establishment to January 2, 2023. We used the EndNote X9 software to filter the retrieved articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Heterogeneity was tested using I-squared (I2). When I2>50%, we choosed the random effects model for data analysis, conversely, a fixed effects model. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger test. All analyzes were performed in STATA 12.0.ResultsWe included 6 studies, 2,395 patients in the Tildrakizumab group and 552 patients in the placebo group (Table 1). Results of the meta-analysis showed that 68% of patients with psoriasis met the PAIS75 remission criteria after taking Tildrakizumab [Rate =0.68 95%CI(0.66, 0.70), P<0.001], and they had significantly higher PASI75 response rates than the placebo group [RR=11.390, 95%CI (8.08, 16.06), P<0.001]. Compared to the placebo group, patients in the Tildrakizumab group had a significantly higher remission rate of PASI90 [RR=26.751, 95%CI (15.282,46.827), P<0.001]. In addition, patients taking Tildrakizumab had an average 15-point reduction in PASI scores [Rate=-14.854 95%CI(-19.146, -10.561), P<0.001], and 45% of patients achieved PASI100 remission criteria [Rate= 0.450, 95%CI (0.131, 0.769), P=0.006] (Figure 1).ConclusionThis study showed that Tildrakizumab improved disease activity and increased clinical remission rates in patients with psoriasis, demonstrating a better therapeutic effect.References[1]Griffiths CEM, Armstrong AW, Gudjonsson JE, et al. Psoriasis. Lancet 2021; 397 (10281): 1301-1315. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32549-6.[2]Blauvelt A, Chiricozzi A. The Immunologic Role of IL-17 in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Pathogenesis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 55 (3): 379-390. doi: 10.1007/s12016-018-8702-3.Table 1.Population characteristics included in the studyAuthor(Year)Population (include in analysis)Age (Mean±SD)Gender (male %)TILPBOTILPBOTILPBOKristian Reich(2017)617(617)155(154)46.65±13.1447.9±13.570.264.5K. Papp(2015)309(102)46(41)44.79±13.0445.9±11.775.182.5Alessandra Narcisi.(2022)237(121)NA48.6±14.6NA59.9NAY Poulin(2020)1413(1413)357(357)NA72.170.0Cantrell, W.(2021)248(135)NANANAT Graier(2022)15(7)NA45.9±14.1NA73.3NAAcknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.

Amino acids analysis in single wheat embryonic protoplast was performed using capillary electrophoresis equipped with laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF), combination with tissue culture technique. Reagent fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was introduced into living protoplasts by electroporation for intracellular derivatization. A special osmotic buffer (0.6 mol/L mannitol, 5 mmol/L CaCl2) was used to keep the osmotic balance of embryonic protoplasts during the protoplasts derivatization. After completion of the derivatization reaction in the protoplasts, a single protoplast was drawn into the capillary tip by electroosmotic flow. Then a 0.1 M NaOH lysing solution was injected by diffusion. The derivatized amino acids were separated by capillary electrophoresis and detected by laser-induced fluorescence detection after the protoplast was lysed Nine amino acids were quantitatively and qualitatively determined and compared in lysate and single protoplast of wheat embryonic cells respectively, with mean concentrations of amino acids ranging from 2.68×10−5 mol/L to 18.18×10−5 mol/L in single protoplast.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The IL-23/IL-17 pathway plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of CD. More and more approved IL-23 inhibitors are being used for the treatment of CD. However, no studies have systematically compared and evaluated the efficacy of these IL-23 inhibitors. This study aims to compare the efficacy of various IL-23 inhibitors(Brazikumab, Guselkumab, Mirikizumab, Risankizumab, and Ustekinumab) for treating Crohn's disease by conducting a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). We searched the database, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Web of Science, Clinical Trials. gov, (from inception until February 5, 2023). Efficacy (Clinic response, Clinic remission, Endep remission, and C-reactive protein) were compared using a Bayesian NMA. Results were presented as the pooled estimates of odds ratios (ORs) or weighted mean difference (WMD) (95% CI). The random-effects model was selected to synthesize the data. The ranking probability for each IL-23 inhibitor was evaluated using the surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA). The larger the SUCRA value, the better the rank of the intervention. The global inconsistency was evaluated by comparing the fit of consistency and inconsistency models, where P ≤ 0.05 indicated inconsistency. All analyses were conducted using the gemtc package of R (version 4.2.2). In terms of Clinic response, a total of 40 studies were included. The NMA showed that Brazikumab combined with Guselkumab [OR=-0.98, 95% (CI, -2.9, 0.91)], PBO(PBO) combined with Risankizumab [OR=-0.54, 95% (CI, -1.16, 0.18)], PBO combined with Ustekinumab [OR=-1.38, 95% (CI, -2.77, -0.01)], Risankizumab combined with Ustekinumab [OR=-0.84, 95% (CI, -2.43, 0.63)]. According to SUCRA, Ustekinumab (78.9%), Risankizumab (52.2%), PBO(23.6%), Mirikizumab(34%), Guselkumab (87.6%), and Brazikumab (23.6%). For clinic remission, the result of NMA showed that Brazikumab combined with Guselkumab [OR=-1.59, 95% (CI, -3.78, 0.59)], Brazikumab combined with Ustekinumab [OR=-1.37, 95% (CI, -3.57, 0.83)], PBO combined with Risankizumab [OR=-0.47, 95% (CI, -1.19, 0.34)], PBO combined with Ustekinumab [OR=-1.26, 95% (CI, -2.86, 0.33)], Risankizumab combined with Ustekinumab [OR=-0.8, 95% (CI, -2.6, 0.93)]. According to SUCRA, Ustekinumab (79.3%), Risankizumab (53.7%), PBO(22.1%), Mirikizumab(33.4%), Guselkumab (90.3%)and Brazikumab (21.7%) (Figure 1). In terms of efficacy alone, Guselkumab ranked first among all IL-23 inhibitors, followed by Ustekinumab, and all had significantly different clinical remission rates than patients in the PBO group, while the remaining drugs were less effective than PBO. [Display omitted] NIL. NIL. None Declared.

Using first-principles density functional theory calculations, we investigate the structure, stability, optical modes and electronic band gap of a distorted tetragonal MoS\\(_2\\) monolayer (T'-MoS\\(_2\\)). Our simulated scanning tunnel microscopy (STM) images of T'-MoS\\(_2\\) are dramatically similar with those STM images which were identified as K\\(_{x}\\)(H\\(_{2}\\)O)\\(_{y}\\)MoS\\(_{2}\\) from a previous experimental study. This similarity suggests that T'-MoS\\(_2\\) might have already been observed in experiment but was unexpectedly misidentified. Furthermore, we verify the stability of T'-MoS\\(_2\\) from thermal, mechanical and dynamic aspects, by \\emph{ab initio} molecular dynamics simulation, elastic constants evaluation and phonon band structure calculation based on density functional perturbation theory, respectively. In addition, we calculate the eigenfrequencies and eigenvectors of the optical modes of T'-MoS\\(_2\\) at \\(\\Gamma\\) point and distinguish their Raman and infrared activity by pointing out their irreducible representations using group theory; at the same time, we compare the Raman modes of T'-MoS\\(_2\\) with those of H-MoS\\(_2\\) and T-MoS\\(_2\\). Our results provide a useful guidance for further experimental identification and characterization of T'-MoS\\(_2\\).

Suspension-derived protoplasts of Agropyron elongatum irradiated by ultra-violet light (UV) were fused with the suspension-derived protoplasts of Triticum astivum using PEG. Fertile intergeneric somatic hybrid plants were produced and various hybrid lines have been selected and propagated in successive generations. Their hybrid nature was confirmed by analysis of profiles of isozymes, RAPDs, and 5S rDNA spacer sequences, and via GISH analysis. By the procedure described, the phenotype and chromosome number of wheat could be maintained besides transfer of a few chromosomes and chromosomal fragments from the donor A. elongatum. The results above indicated that highly asymmetric fertile hybrid plants and hybrid progenies of wheat were produced via somatic hybridization.

Using qualitative information from in-depth interviews of 40 female entertainment workers (FEWs) in Shanghai, this article explores factors associated with unprotected sex and barriers to consistent condom use among FEWs. Results suggest that not all FEWs were at high risk, nor did they all engage in unprotected sex for the same reasons. Prevalence of unprotected sex varied by individual characteristics, across different settings where commercial sex took place, and by the FEWs' relationship to pimps or establishment owners. Factors contributing to unprotected sex included lack of HIV transmission knowledge, economic hardship, client refusal/coercion, and control by pimps/establishment owners. Incorrect beliefs also contributed to use of methods that offered no protection. Study participants endorsed the need for HIV/sexually transmitted disease prevention, but were suspicious about government programs. Prevention interventions need to target simultaneously clients of commercial sex and pimps/business owners and to promote a social environment supportive of 100% condom use in commercial sex.

The introgressed small-chromosome segment of Agropyron elongatum (Host.) Neviski (Thinopyrum ponticum Podp.) in F5 line II-1-3 of somatic hybrid between common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and A. elongatum was localized by sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and karyotype data. Karyotype analysis offered basic data of arm ratios and relative lengths of 21 pairs of chromosomes in parent wheat Jinan177 and hybrid II-1—3. Using special high repetitive sequences pSc119.2 and pAs1 for FISH, the entire B- and D-genome chromosomes were detected. The FISH pattern of hybrid II-1-3 was the same as that of parent wheat. GISH using whole genomic DNA from A. elongatum as probe determined the alien chromatin. Sequential GISH and FISH, in combination with some of the karyotype data, localized the small chromosome segments of A. elongatum on the specific sites of wheat chromosomes 2AL, 1BL, 5BS, 1DL, 2DL and 6DS. FISH with probe OPF-031296 from randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) detected E-genome chromatin of A. elongatum, which existed in all of the small chromosome segments introgressed. Microsatellite primers characteristic for the chromosome arms above were used to check the localization and reveal the genetic identity. These methods are complementary and provide comprehensive information about the genomic constitution of the hybrid. The relationship between hybrid traits and alien chromatin was discussed.

To study the usefulness of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) of Agropyron elongatum (Host) Nevski to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quality improvement, we characterized LMW-GS genes of A. elongatum. Nine LMW-GS genes of A. elongatum, which were named AeL1 to AeL9, were cloned by genomic PCR. After sequencing, we obtained complete open reading frames from AeL2 to AeL8 and partial genes of AeL1 and AeL9. All nine sequences are homoeologous to those of wheat and related grasses. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences with those of published LMW-GS suggests that the basic structures of all the subunits are very similar. However, except for AeL4 and AeL5, which contain the identical N-terminal sequence with LMW-m, other LMW-GS sequences separated from A. elongatum cannot be classified according to previous criteria for the three types: LMW-m (methionine), LMW-s (serine), and LMW-i (isoleucine), and then 12 groups. In addition, there are some characters in the LMW-GS sequences of A. elongatum: AeL2, AeL3, and AeL6 involve a Cys residue in the signal peptide respectively, which is absent in most of LMW-GS; AeL3, AeL6, AeL8, and AeL9 start their first Cys residues in the N-terminal repetitive domains, respectively; both AeL2 and AeL5 have nine Cys residues, with an extra Cys residue in the N-terminal repetitive domain and the repetitive and glutamine-rich domain; AeL2, AeL3, AeL6, and AeL9 comprise long repetitive domains. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that there is a relatively weak sequence identity between the LMW-GS genes from A. elongatum cloned in this study and those reported from other plants. Three LMW-GS sequences, AeL2, AeL3, and AeL6, are clustered to Glu-A3 from wheat than to those from other plants. The possible use of these genes in relation to the high quality of hybrid wheat is discussed.

High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) from hybrid line II-12 between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Agropyron elongatum (Host) Nivski were characterized with SDS-PAGE. Out of these HMW-GSs, two subunits, h1Bx and h1By, had mobilities similar to the subunits 1Bx13 and 1By16 from common wheat 4072, which was used as control. Polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) of h1Bx and h1By were prepared, and Western blotting showed that the pAbs had strong affinities for h1Bx and h1By, separately. The specificity of h1Bx-pAb was further checked; it preferentially recognized subunits h1Bx and 1Bx13. HMW-GS gene coding sequences were amplified by genomic polymerase chain reaction from hybrid II-12. Two of the five amplicons, marked II2a and II31b, were sequenced. Their coding sequences are clustered to Glu-1Bx7 and Glu-1By9 of common wheat. Three discrepant regions in deduced amino acid sequences of II2a and 31b repeated one time more than Glu-1Bx7 and Glu-1By9. N-terminal sequences of h1Bx and h1By were determined, which were identical to the published sequences of 1Bx13 and 1By16 and in agreement with that deduced from II2a and II31b, respectively. These results indicated that the two novel genes separated from the hybrid wheat derived from the allelic variation of 1Bx7 and 1By9 of the parent wheat. There is an additional cysteine residue positioned at 271st amino acid of the mature peptide of II2a, which may be related to the high quality of the flour.