Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
6,135
result(s) for
"Xie, Hua"
Sort by:
ثقافة الطعام الصيني
الصين دولة ذات حضارة عريقة وتاريخ طويل، ظلت خلال هذا التاريخ الطويل محتفظة بالكثير من عاداتها وتقاليدها ولغتها حتى ملابس أهلها. يعيش على أرضها ستة وخمسين قومية تتمتع كل قومية منها بعادات وتقاليد وثقافة خاصة. هذا الكتاب رحلة ثقافية شيقة إذ يسلط الضوء على جانب من أهم جوانب الثقافة الصينية ألا وهو \"ثقافة الطعام الصيني. فيلقى الضوء على تاريخ الأطعمة الصينية وثقافتها وتقسيمات المطبخ الصيني وعادات وثقافة الأطعمة الخاصة بالأعياد والمناسبات التقليدية، وثقافة الأطعمة الخاصة بالديانات المختلفة في الصين بما فيها البوذية والطاوية والإسلام والمسيحية وعادات الطعام عند القوميات الصينية، ويهتم بتقديم بعض الجوانب المهمة بثقافة الشاي الصيني وأنواعه وطرق وآداب تناوله هذا الكتاب وجبة دسمة من المعلومات الخاصة بثقافة الأطعمة الصينية التي شهدت خلال السنوات الأخيرة انتشارا واسعا على مستوى العالم بما في ذلك المنطقة العربية.
Book
Advancements in detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection for confronting COVID-19 pandemics
As one of the major approaches in combating the COVID-19 pandemics, the availability of specific and reliable assays for the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome and its proteins is essential to identify the infection in suspected populations, make diagnoses in symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals, and determine clearance of the virus after the infection. For these purposes, use of the quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for detection of the viral nucleic acid remains the most valuable in terms of its specificity, fast turn-around, high-throughput capacity, and reliability. It is critical to update the sequences of primers and probes to ensure the detection of newly emerged variants. Various assays for increased levels of IgG or IgM antibodies are available for detecting ongoing or past infection, vaccination responses, and persistence and for identifying high titers of neutralizing antibodies in recovered individuals. Viral genome sequencing is increasingly used for tracing infectious sources, monitoring mutations, and subtype classification and is less valuable in diagnosis because of its capacity and high cost. Nanopore target sequencing with portable options is available for a quick process for sequencing data. Emerging CRISPR-Cas-based assays, such as SHERLOCK and AIOD-CRISPR, for viral genome detection may offer options for prompt and point-of-care detection. Moreover, aptamer-based probes may be multifaceted for developing portable and high-throughput assays with fluorescent or chemiluminescent probes for viral proteins. In conclusion, assays are available for viral genome and protein detection, and the selection of specific assays depends on the purposes of prevention, diagnosis and pandemic control, or monitoring of vaccination efficacy.
During the COVID-19 pandemics, sensitive and reliable assays for SARS-CoV-2 detection are essential for screening the population, identifying asymptomatic individuals, making diagnoses, monitoring treatment responses, and determining viral clearance. This review summarizes the principles, advantages, disadvantages, and specific applications of currently available assays for detection of the viral nucleotide, genome or proteins, as well as host antibody responses, and provide overall guidelines for selection of optimal assays for specific usage.
Journal Article
A stable zirconium based metal-organic framework for specific recognition of representative polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin molecules
Polychlorinated dibenzo-
p
-dioxins (PCDDs), as a class of persistent and highly toxic organic pollutants, have been posing a great threat to human health and the environment. The sensing of these compounds is important but challenging. Here, we report a highly stable zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF), Zr
6
O
4
(OH)
8
(HCOO)
2
(CPTTA)
2
(BUT-17) with one-dimensional hexagonal channels and phenyl-rich pore surfaces for the recognition and sensing of two representative PCDDs, 2,3-dichlorodibenzo-
p
-dioxin (BCDD) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-
p
-dioxin (TCDD), based on the fluorescence quenching. BUT-17 exhibits high sensing ability with the detection limits as low as 27 and 57 part per billion toward BCDD and TCDD, respectively, and is very selective as well without the interference of similar compounds. The recognition of BUT-17 toward BCDD is demonstrated by single-crystal structure of its guest-loaded phase, in which the fluorescence-quenched complexes form between the adsorbed BCDD molecules and the MOF host through
π-π
stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions.
The sensing of polychlorinated dibenzo-
p
-dioxins (PCDDs) is important for the environment and public health but challenging to achieve. Here the authors report a stable zirconium-based metal-organic framework for the selective sensing of two representative PCCDs based on the fluorescence quenching method.
Journal Article
Molecular Mechanisms of Ferroptosis and Relevance to Cardiovascular Disease
Ferroptosis has recently been demonstrated to be a novel regulated non-apoptotic cell death characterized by iron-dependence and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation that results in membrane damage. Excessive iron induces ferroptosis by promoting the generation of both soluble and lipid ROS via an iron-dependent Fenton reaction and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme activity. Cytosolic glutathione peroxidase 4 (cGPX4) pairing with ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) and mitochondrial glutathione peroxidase 4 (mGPX4) pairing with dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) serve as two separate defense systems to detoxify lipid peroxidation in the cytoplasmic as well as the mitochondrial membrane, thereby defending against ferroptosis in cells under normal conditions. However, disruption of these defense systems may cause ferroptosis. Emerging evidence has revealed that ferroptosis plays an essential role in the development of diverse cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as hemochromatosis-associated cardiomyopathy, doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, heart failure (HF), atherosclerosis, and COVID-19–related arrhythmias. Iron chelators, antioxidants, ferroptosis inhibitors, and genetic manipulations may alleviate the aforementioned CVDs by blocking ferroptosis pathways. In conclusion, ferroptosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various CVDs and suppression of cardiac ferroptosis is expected to become a potential therapeutic option. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on the molecular mechanisms involved in ferroptosis and its implications in cardiovascular disease.
Journal Article
Linkages between GRACE water storage, hydrologic extremes, and climate teleconnections in major African aquifers
Water resources management is a critical issue in Africa where many regions are subjected to sequential droughts and floods. The objective of our work was to assess spatiotemporal variability in water storage and related controls (climate, human intervention) in major African aquifers and consider approaches toward more sustainable development. Different approaches were used to track water storage, including GRACE/GRACE Follow On satellites for Total Water Storage (TWS); satellite altimetry for reservoir storage, MODIS satellites for vegetation indices, and limited ground-based monitoring. Results show that declining trends in TWS (60–73 km3 over the 18 yr GRACE record) were restricted to aquifers in northern Africa, controlled primarily by irrigation water use in the Nubian and NW Saharan aquifers. Rising TWS trends were found in aquifers in western Africa (23–49 km3), attributed to increased recharge from land use change and cropland expansion. Interannual variability dominated TWS variability in eastern and southern Africa, controlled primarily by climate extremes. Climate teleconnections, particularly El Nino Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole, strongly controlled droughts and floods in eastern and southern Africa. Huge aquifer storage in northern Africa suggests that the recent decadal storage declines should not impact the regional aquifers but may affect local conditions. Increasing groundwater levels in western Africa will need to be managed because of locally rising groundwater flooding. More climate resilient water management can be accomplished in eastern and southern Africa by storing water from wet to dry climate cycles. Accessing the natural water storage provided by aquifers in Africa is the obvious way to manage the variability between droughts and floods.
Journal Article
Frailty as a predictor of mortality among patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background
A large number of studies have explored the association between frailty and mortality among COVID-19 patients, with inconsistent results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesize the evidence on this issue.
Methods
Three databases, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, from inception to 20th January 2021 were searched for relevant literature. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess quality bias, and STATA was employed to pool the effect size by a random effects model. Additionally, potential publication bias and sensitivity analyses were performed.
Results
Fifteen studies were included, with a total of 23,944 COVID-19 patients, for quantitative analysis. Overall, the pooled prevalence of frailty was 51% (95% CI: 44–59%). Patients with frailty who were infected with COVID-19 had an increased risk of mortality compared to those without frailty, and the pooled hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) were 1.99 (95% CI: 1.66–2.38) and 2.48 (95% CI: 1.78–3.46), respectively. In addition, subgroup analysis based on population showed that the pooled ORs for hospitalized patients in eight studies and nursing home residents in two studies were 2.62 (95% CI: 1.68–4.07) and 2.09 (95% CI: 1.40–3.11), respectively. Subgroup analysis using the frailty assessment tool indicated that this association still existed when using the clinical frailty scale (CFS) (assessed in 6 studies, pooled OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.52–5.45; assessed in 5 studies, pooled HR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.66–2.38) and other frailty tools (assessed in 4 studies, pooled OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.81–2.16). In addition, these significant positive associations still existed in the subgroup analysis based on study design and geographic region.
Conclusion
Our study indicates that frailty is an independent predictor of mortality among patients with COVID-19. Thus, frailty could be a prognostic factor for clinicians to stratify high-risk groups and remind doctors and nurses to perform early screening and corresponding interventions urgently needed to reduce mortality rates in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.
Journal Article
Catalytic ozone decomposition and adsorptive VOCs removal in bimetallic metal-organic frameworks
Atmospheric ozone has long been a threat to human health, however, rational design of high-performance O
3
-decomposition catalysts remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the great potential of a series of isomorphous bimetallic MOFs denoted as PCN-250(Fe
2
M) (M = Co
2+
, Ni
2+
, Mn
2+
) in catalytic O
3
decomposition. Particularly, PCN-250(Fe
2
Co) showed 100% O
3
removal efficiency for a continuous air flow containing 1 ppm O
3
over a wide humidity range (0 ‒ 80% RH) at room temperature. Mechanism studies suggested that the high catalytic performance originated from the introduction of open Co(II) sites as well as its porous structure. Additionally, at low pressures around 10 Pa, PCN-250(Fe
2
Co) exhibited high adsorption capacities (89 ‒ 241 mg g
−1
) for most VOCs, which are not only a class of hazardous air pollutants but also the precursor of O
3
. This work opens up a new avenue to develop advanced air purification materials for O
3
and VOCs removal in one.
Warm-season O
3
pollution has been increasingly frequent worldwide in the past few years, exposing a threat to human health as well as the natural environment. Here, the authors showcase a stable MOF which can not only effectively capture various airborne VOCs, but decompose trace O
3
in ambient air.
Journal Article
Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks: Assessment, Construction, and Diverse Applications
Tens of thousands of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been developed in the past two decades, and only ≈100 of them have been demonstrated as porous and hydrophobic. These hydrophobic MOFs feature not only a rich structural variety, highly crystalline frameworks, and uniform micropores, but also a low affinity toward water and superior hydrolytic stability, which make them promising adsorbents for diverse applications, including humid CO2 capture, alcohol/water separation, pollutant removal from air or water, substrate‐selective catalysis, energy storage, anticorrosion, and self‐cleaning. Herein, the recent research advancements in hydrophobic MOFs are presented. The existing techniques for qualitatively or quantitatively assessing the hydrophobicity of MOFs are first introduced. The reported experimental methods for the preparation of hydrophobic MOFs are then categorized. The concept that hydrophobic MOFs normally synthesized from predesigned organic ligands can also be prepared by the postsynthetic modification of the internal pore surface and/or external crystal surface of hydrophilic or less hydrophobic MOFs is highlighted. Finally, an overview of the recent studies on hydrophobic MOFs for various applications is provided and suggests the high versatility of this unique class of materials for practical use as either adsorbents or nanomaterials. The structural design, preparation strategies, characterization methods, and potential applications of hydrophobic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of unique materials with both microporosity and hydrophobicity, are overviewed herein. It is highlighted that hydrophobic MOFs can be prepared by some facile procedures, and this type of materials can act as either advanced adsorbents or nanomaterials.
Journal Article