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Superhydrophobic textiles are important superhydrophobic materials because of their low cost and high demand. In this work, low surface energy substance, dodecyltrimethoxysilane (DTM), was used to modify the hydrolyzed tetrabutyl titanate (Ti(OH)4) to obtain DTM@Ti(OH)4 particles and realize the surface organic modification of Ti(OH)4 particles. Then, functional cotton fabric was prepared by loading DTM@Ti(OH)4 particles onto the fabric based on the adhesion of natural polyphenols. The static contact angle of finished cotton fabric was up to 169.9°, the rolling contact angle was less than 8°, and the UPF value was generally greater than 70. Due to the excellent adhesion of polyphenols, the superhydrophobic cotton fabric showed great stability and durability under harsh environmental conditions. By various treatments, the water contact angles (CA) of the finished fabrics can still be greater than 155° and the UPF value was still greater than 50. The preparation process is simple, efficient and low-cost, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production. Encouragingly, this modification method is universal and can be applied to other kinds of fabrics. It has broad application prospects in outdoor textiles, oil and water separation, metal corrosion prevention and other fields.Graphic abstract

Objective The study aimed to identify the risk factors of preeclampsia (PE) and establish a novel prediction model. Study design A retrospective, single-center analysis was conducted using clinical data from 5099 pregnant women who gave birth at Peking University People’s Hospital between June 2015 and December 2020 who had placental growth factor (PIGF) levels records at 13–20 + 6 gestation weeks. The participants were randomly divided into a training set (70%, n  = 3569) and a validation set (30%, n  = 1030), between which the consistency was checked, and the analysis was performed according to whether PE occurred during pregnancy. Factors with univariate logistic analysis outcome of p  < 0.2 were incorporated into the multivariate logistic regression analysis model, then variable selection by stepwise regression with AIC as the criterion was executed to finally identify the variables used for modeling. The model’s discriminative ability was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and its calibration was evaluated through calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemesow test. In addition, decision curve analysis (DCA) was used for clinical net benefit appraisal. Results Logistic regression analysis identified nine risk factors for PE, including: maternal age (OR = 1.072, 95%CI = 1.025–1.120), parity(OR = 0.718,95%CI = 0.470–1.060), pre-pregnancy BMI (OR = 2.842,95%CI = 1.957–4.106), family hypertension history (OR = 3.604,95%CI = 2.433–5.264), pregestational diabetes mellitus(PGDM) (OR = 8.399, 95%CI = 4.138–15.883), pregnancy complicating nephropathy (OR = 7.931, 95% CI = 2.584–20.258),pregnancy complicating immune system disorders (OR = 3.134, 95% CI = 1.624–5.525), mean arterial pressure(MAP) at 11–13 + 6 gestational weeks (OR = 1.098, 95% CI = 1.078–1.119) and PIGF (OR = 0.647, 95% CI = 0.448–0.927) at 13–20 + 6 gestational weeks ( P <  0.05). The restricted spline regression analysis (RCS) analysis results showed that PIGF and the risk of PE presented an approximately “L-shaped” relationship, with the risk of PE rising sharply with the decrease of PIGF when PIGF < 90 pg/ml, and little change with the increase of PIGF when PIGF > 90 pg/ml. A risk prediction model for PE during the first and second trimester was constructed based on the above selected 11 factors. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the model was 0.781(95%CI = 0.709–0.853), and the sensitivity and specificity at the optimal cut-off value (threshold probability) were 0.571 and 0.879 respectively. Chi-square of 9.616 and P value of 0.293 from Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated that the model was well calibrated. Finally, the model showed good clinical net benefits in the threshold range of 0.03–0.3. Conclusion The incidence of PE was associated with maternal age, pre-pregnancy weight and BMI, family hypertension history, PGDM, pregnancy complicating nephropathy, gestational complicating immune system disorders, blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure) at 11–13 + 6 gestational weeks, and PIGF at 13–20 + 6 gestational weeks. When PIGF < 90 pg/ml at 13–20 + 6 gestational week, the risk of PE increased significantly with the reduction of PIGF. The nomogram based on the above results was simpler and more practical in clinical application for PE predicting during the first and second trimester, and may provide an important reference for doctors and patients.

A novel self-powered wearable motion sensor for monitoring the spiking gesture of volleyball athletes has been manufactured from piezoelectric PVDF film. The PVDF film can convert body mechanical energy into electricity through the piezoelectric effect, and the flexible device can be conformably attached on the hand or arm. The sensor can work independently without power supply and actively output piezoelectric signals as the sports information. The sensor can detect the tiny and fine motion of spiking movement in playing volleyball, reflecting the skill. Additionally, the sensor can also real-time monitor the pulse changes and language during a volleyball match. The self-powered sensors can link to a wireless transmitter for uploading the sports information and building big sports data. This work can provoke a new direction for real-time sports monitoring and promote the development of big sports data.

The proper axial length of the eye is crucial for achieving emmetropia. In this study, we present a wireless battery-free eye modulation patch designed to correct high myopia and prevent relapse. The patch consists of piezoelectric transducers, an electrochemical micro-actuator, a drug microneedle array, μ-LEDs, a flexible circuit, and biocompatible encapsulation. The system can be wirelessly powered and controlled using external ultrasound. The electrochemical micro-actuator plays a key role in precisely shortening the axial length by driving the posterior sclera inward. This ensures accurate scene imaging on the retina for myopia eye. The drug microneedle array delivers riboflavin to the posterior sclera, and μ-LEDs’ blue light induces collagen cross-linking, reinforcing sclera strength. In vivo experiments demonstrate that the patch successfully reduces the rabbit eye’s axial length by ~1217 μm and increases sclera strength by 387%. The system operates effectively within the body without the need for batteries. Here, we show that the patch offers a promising avenue for clinically treating high myopia. The proper axial length of the eye is crucial for achieving emmetropia. Here, authors introduce a wireless battery-free eye modulation patch designed to correct high myopia and prevent relapse.

Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy due to late diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. In this study, we aimed to identify and functionally validate novel hub genes associated with OC progression. We integrated four GEO microarray datasets (GSE54388, GSE40595, GSE18521, and GSE12470) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OC and healthy tissues using the limma package. A total of 22 common DEGs were identified, of which four—SNRPA1, LSM4, TMED10, and PROM2—emerged as hub genes based on PPI network centrality. Expression analyses using TCGA data and RT-qPCR confirmed the significant upregulation of these genes in OC samples. Promoter methylation analysis showed hypomethylation in tumors, while ROC analysis revealed high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 1.0). Although these genes were not significantly associated with overall survival in meta-analysis, they were strongly involved in oncogenic pathways such as EMT, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Predicted miRNAs (e.g., hsa-miR-1178-5p and hsa-miR-31-5p) targeting hub genes were significantly downregulated in OC cell lines. Immune analysis indicated that hub gene expression was correlated with immune subtypes, checkpoint inhibitors, and reduced immune infiltration. Drug sensitivity analysis suggested that high expression of TMED10 and PROM2 may confer susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents. Functional assays following siRNA-mediated knockdown of TMED10 and PROM2 in A2780 and OVCAR3 cells revealed significant reductions in proliferation, colony formation, and migration. These findings highlight SNRPA1, LSM4, TMED10, and PROM2 as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in OC, warranting further investigation for clinical translation.

Apart from sharing common ancestry with chordates, sea cucumbers exhibit a unique morphology and exceptional regenerative capacity. Here we present the complete genome sequence of an economically important sea cucumber, A. japonicus, generated using Illumina and PacBio platforms, to achieve an assembly of approximately 805 Mb (contig N50 of 190 Kb and scaffold N50 of 486 Kb), with 30,350 protein-coding genes and high continuity. We used this resource to explore key genetic mechanisms behind the unique biological characters of sea cucumbers. Phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses revealed the presence of marker genes associated with notochord and gill slits, suggesting that these chordate features were present in ancestral echinoderms. The unique shape and weak mineralization of the sea cucumber adult body were also preliminarily explained by the contraction of biomineralization genes. Genome, transcriptome, and proteome analyses of organ regrowth after induced evisceration provided insight into the molecular underpinnings of visceral regeneration, including a specific tandem-duplicated prostatic secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP94)-like gene family and a significantly expanded fibrinogen-related protein (FREP) gene family. This high-quality genome resource will provide a useful framework for future research into biological processes and evolution in deuterostomes, including remarkable regenerative abilities that could have medical applications. Moreover, the multiomics data will be of prime value for commercial sea cucumber breeding programs.

HighlightsWearable battery-free perspiration analyzing sites based on sweat flowing on ZnO nanoarrays was fabricated.Coupling of hydrovoltaic effect and enzymatic reaction were analyzed.The wearable wireless physiological status monitoring system has potential application in constructing sports big data.We fabricated wearable perspiration analyzing sites for actively monitoring physiological status during exercises without any batteries or other power supply. The device mainly consists of ZnO nanowire (NW) arrays and flexible polydimethylsiloxane substrate. Sweat on the skin can flow into the flow channels of the device through capillary action and flow along the channels to ZnO NWs. The sweat flowing on the NWs (with lactate oxidase modification) can output a DC electrical signal, and the outputting voltage is dependent on the lactate concentration in the sweat as the biosensing signal. ZnO NWs generate electric double layer (EDL) in sweat, which causes a potential difference between the upper and lower ends (hydrovoltaic effect). The product of the enzymatic reaction can adjust the EDL and influence the output. This device can be integrated with wireless transmitter and may have potential application in constructing sports big data. This work promotes the development of next generation of biosensors and expands the scope of self-powered physiological monitoring system.

Road traffic crashes remain a significant concern for public safety and transport systems, and addressing their adverse effects forms a foundation for safety planning and policy development. This study presents a hierarchical hybrid framework that combines signal decomposition techniques, including Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN), with deep learning models: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN), and WaveNet. The framework uses daily vehicle–vehicle crash data from Yinzhou District, Ningbo City. Among all configurations, the VMD-GRU model produced the best results, with MAE = 2.960, RMSE = 3.750, and R 2  = 0.984, which reflects its ability to capture complex temporal structures. In contrast, the CEEMDAN-TCN model showed the weakest performance, with MAE = 14.559, RMSE = 19.481, and R 2  = 0.609. Furthermore, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test confirmed that the performance of VMD-GRU differs significantly from all other models at the 5% significance level. Residual analysis indicates that VMD-GRU maintains low prediction errors and aligns more closely with actual vehicle–vehicle crash values over time. This framework provides traffic authorities with a tool to identify shifts in crash patterns, make timely policy decisions, and allocate safety resources with greater precision.

The build-up of lactate in solid tumors stands as a crucial and early occurrence in malignancy development, and the concentration of lactate in the tumor microenvironment may be a more sensitive indicator for analyzing primary tumors. In this study, we designed a self-powered lactate sensor for the rapid analysis of tumor samples, utilizing the coupling between the piezoelectric effect and enzymatic reaction. This lactate sensor is fabricated using a ZnO nanowire array modified with lactate oxidase (LOx). The sensing process does not require an external power source or batteries. The device can directly output electric signals containing lactate concentration information when subjected to external forces. The lactate concentration detection upper limit of the sensor is at least 27 mM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of approximately 1.3 mM and a response time of around 10 s. This study innovatively applied self-powered technology to the in situ detection of the tumor microenvironment and used the results to estimate the growth period of the primary tumor. The availability of this application has been confirmed through biological experiments. Furthermore, the sensor data generated by the device offer valuable insights for evaluating the likelihood of remote tumor metastasis. This study may expand the research scope of self-powered technology in the field of medical diagnosis and offer a novel perspective on cancer diagnosis.

Self-powered piezoelectric-biosensing textiles for the physiological monitoring and time-motion analysis of individual sports have been developed. The material system is composed of tetrapod-shaped ZnO nanowires on common textiles. The mechanism is based on the coupling of enzymatic reaction (LOx and lactate) and piezoelectric effect. After conformably attaching the device to the athlete, the device can monitor in real-time the moving speed, frequency, joint angle, and sweat lactate concentration of the athlete. The whole monitoring/analysis process is battery-free. The motor skills and physiological state of two athletes are investigated using the textiles, and different lactate threshold times and maximum lactate release capacities have been obtained. This technique can help them develop distinct training programs. This research is a new direction for the scientific monitoring of kinematics and may also stimulate the development of self-powered wearable sports-related systems.