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Ensuring the safety of mechanical equipment, gearbox fault diagnosis is crucial for the stable operation of the whole system. However, existing diagnostic methods still have limitations, such as the analysis of single-scale features and insufficient recognition of global temporal dependencies. To address these issues, this article proposes a new method for gearbox fault diagnosis based on MSCNN-LSTM-CBAM-SE. The output of the CBAM-SE module is deeply integrated with the multi-scale features from MSCNN and the temporal features from LSTM, constructing a comprehensive feature representation that provides richer and more precise information for fault diagnosis. The effectiveness of this method has been validated with two sets of gearbox datasets and through ablation studies on this model. Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves excellent performance in terms of accuracy and F1 score, among other metrics. Finally, a comparison with other relevant fault diagnosis methods further verifies the advantages of the proposed model. This research offers a new solution for accurate fault diagnosis of gearboxes.

The X-ray repair cross-complementary group 1 (XRCC1) gene 399 codon polymorphism may alter the structure of DNA repair enzymes to regulate DNA repair capacity. Impaired DNA repair ability can lead to the development of cancers such as prostate cancer (PCa). Although the association between the XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphism and the risk of PCa has been widely reported, the results have not been clear. Data were collected from PubMed, EMBASE, the Wanfang Database, CNKI and the Web of Science. A total of 20 case‒control studies were selected for inclusion in this updated analysis to determine the association between the XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphism and the risk of PCa. The crude odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using Stata (version 18) software to evaluate the association between the XRCC1-Arg399Gln polymorphism and prostate cancer. We identified 20 eligible reports that included 5803 cases of prostate cancer and 5470 controls. Our meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the XRCC1-Arg399Gln polymorphism and the risk of prostate cancer. In particular, according to the recessive models, this polymorphism was associated with a significantly increased prevalence of prostate cancer in Asian populations (AA versus AG + GG: OR = 1.255, 95% CI = 1.063–1.481, P  = 0.507, I 2 , < 25%). Based on these results, the XRCC1-Arg399Gln polymorphism may be a risk factor for prostate cancer and can be used as a biomarker to predict the prognosis of prostate cancer.

To analyze the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone in the treatment of non-puerperal mastitis (NPM), providing a new idea for the treatment of NPM. From August 1, 2017 to August 30, 2024, case data were collected from 552 patients with NPM. After grouping according to different treatment options, the SPSS statistical software was used for retrospective analysis of the collected data. The number of days of drug treatment before operation in group B was less than other groups (p < 0.001). The group B had the most significant relief of pain symptoms and shorter time to complete relief of pain than other groups (p < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences between the 5 groups in the time required for pain to disappear and the time required for the volume to be reduced by half after treatment (p < 0.05).The overall efficacy evaluation had the highest effective rate in Group B (100%) and the lowest in Group D (2.10%), and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001).No side effects such as abnormalities in liver and kidney functions, water-electrolyte disorders, or peptic ulcers were observed in the five groups during drug treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of side effects such as rash, diarrhoea and hyperglycaemia among patients in the five groups (p > 0.05).The side effects of nausea (vomiting) and skin pigmentation in group E were higher than other groups(p < 0.001). In terms of weight gain (full moon face), nervous excitability (insomnia) and menstrual disorders, group B was lower than other groups (except group D without hormone therapy)(p < 0.001). In terms of postoperative recurrence after ipsilateral breast surgery, the recurrence rates of patients in group B were lower than those of the other four groups, and group D had the highest recurrence rate (8.30%), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Satisfaction survey found that group B had the highest satisfaction rate other groups (p < 0.05). The number of days required for the volume to be reduced by half after treatment was the most influential factor in the satisfaction survey. At the same time, we found that the obvious effect and recovery rate of GLM group was higher than that of PCM group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Dexamethasone combined with levofloxacin/Metronidazole in the treatment of NPM has many advantages: first of all, it can significantly relieve the pain symptoms caused by the disease and effectively reduce the size of the lesion. Meanwhile, for the patients who plan to undergo surgery, the number of days of preoperative drug treatment can be reduced, and the overall effective rate is the highest. Secondly, the short-term application of drugs to treat side effects less, high safety; in the meantime, the risk of recurrence of the ipsilateral breast was less and the satisfaction of the patients was higher. The overall significant efficiency and recovery rate of GLM patients were higher than those of PCM patients.

This paper studied an integrated process planning and scheduling problem from a machining workshop for large-size valves in a valve manufacturing plant. Large-size valves usually contain several key parts and are generally produced in small-series production. Almost all the parts need to be manufactured in the same workshop at the same time in the plant. Facilities have to handle various items in one order, including different models, sizes, and types. It is a classical NP-hard problem on a large scale. An improved NSGA-II algorithm is suggested to obtain satisfactory solutions for makespan and manufacturing costs, which involve large optimization parameters and interactions. A two-section encoding method and an inserting greedy decoding method are chosen to enable the algorithm. The dynamic population update strategy based on dynamic population update and the adaptive mutation technique depending on the population entropy changing rate are selected for enhancing both the solution quality and population diversity. The methodology was successfully implemented in a real-life case at a major valve machining workshop operated by Yuanda Valve Company in China. By taking into account realistic factors and restrictions that have been identified from a real-world manufacturing setting, this technique aids in bridging the knowledge gap between present IPPS research and practical valve production implementations.

Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a promising form of cancer treatment that uses genetically engineered viruses to replicate within cancer cells and trigger anti-tumor immune response. In addition to killing cancer cells, oncolytic viruses can also remodel the tumor microenvironment and stimulate a long-term anti-tumor immune response. Despite achieving positive results in cellular and organismal studies, there are currently only a few approved oncolytic viruses for clinical use. Vaccinia virus (VACV) has emerged as a potential candidate due to its ability to infect a wide range of cancer cells. This review discusses the mechanisms, benefits, and clinical trials of oncolytic VACVs. The safety and efficacy of different viral backbones are explored, as well as the effects of oncolytic VACVs on the tumor microenvironment. The potential combination of oncolytic VACVs with immunotherapy or traditional therapies is also highlighted. The review concludes by addressing prospects and challenges in the field of oncolytic VACVs, with the aim of promoting further research and application in cancer therapy.

Paramagnetic complexes containing gadolinium ions have been widely used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinic. However, these paramagnetic complexes pose some safety concerns. There is still a demand for the development of stable MRI contrast agents that exhibit higher sensitivity and superior functionality to existing contrast agents. Here, we develop carbonized paramagnetic complexes of manganese (II) (Mn@CCs) to encapsulate Mn 2+ in sealed carbonized shells with superhigh r 1 relaxivity. Compared to the most common clinical contrast agent Magnevist, investigations in vivo demonstrate that the Mn@CCs cross the intact blood-brain barrier of normal health mice with minor metal deposition; preferentially target the glioma tissues distribute homogeneously with high penetration in an intracranial mouse model; delineate clear tumor margins in MRIs of ultrasmall single-nodule brain tumors, and multi-nodular liver tumors. The sensitivity, accuracy and low toxicity offer by Mn@CCs provides new opportunities for early molecular diagnostics and imaging-guided biomedical applications. Improving the imaging of cancer may enhance the treatment of patients, Here, the authors develop a Mn(II) based nanoparticle contrast agent for MRI imaging and show that the nanoparticles can cross the brain barrier and image glioma cells.

Endogenous essential metal ions play an important role in many life processes, especially in tumor development and immune response. The approval of various metallodrugs for tumor therapy brings more attention to the antitumor effect of metal ions. With the deepening understanding of the regulation mechanisms of metal ion homeostasis in vivo, breaking intracellular metal ion homeostasis becomes a new means to inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and activate antitumor immune response. Diverse nanomedicines with the loading of small molecular ion regulators or metal ions have been developed to disrupt metal ion homeostasis in tumor cells, with higher safety and efficiency than free small molecular ion regulators or metal compounds. This comprehensive review focuses on the latest progress of various intracellular metal ion homeostasis regulation‐based nanomedicines in tumor therapy including calcium ion (Ca2+), ferrous ion (Fe2+), cuprous ion (Cu+), managanese ion (Mn2+), and zinc ion (Zn2+). The physiological functions and homeostasis regulation processes of ions are summarized to guide the design of metal ion regulation‐based nanomedicines. Then the antitumor mechanisms of various ions‐based nanomedicines and some efficient synergistic therapies are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future developments of ion regulation‐based antitumor therapy are also discussed, hoping to provide a reference for finding more effective metal ions and synergistic therapies. This review focuses on the application of nanoenabled intracellular metal ion homeostasis regulation in tumor therapy including calcium ion (Ca2+), ferrous ion (Fe2+), cuprous ion (Cu+), managanese ion (Mn2+), and zinc ion (Zn2+). The physicochemical properties, physiological functions, and homeostasis regulation processes of the ions are summarized, and the antitumor mechanisms of various ions‐based nanomedicines at both cell‐ and tissue‐level and some efficient synergistic therapies are highlighted.

To investigate the effects of fresh embryo transfer and frozen-thawed embryo transfer on perinatal outcomes among patients with PCOS. Patients who underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer at the reproductive medicine center of the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University from February 2013 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the fresh embryo transfer group and frozen-thawed embryo transfer group according to whether fresh embryo transfer was performed. According to their conditions, patients were further classified into the ET-PCOS group (group A, n = 104), ET-non-PCOS group (group B, n = 212), FET-PCOS group (group C, n = 102), or FET-non-PCOS group (group D, n = 148); the general data, laboratory indicators and pregnancy outcomes of the patients were statistically analyzed, and the perinatal outcomes and related factors between the groups were compared and analyzed. The level of E2 on the HCG test day in the ET group was lower than that in the FET group. The natural birth rate of group D was lower than that of group A and group B, and the cesarean section rate was higher than that of group A and group B; the clinical pregnancy rate of group A was higher than that of group B and group D, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total abortion rate, early abortion rate or late abortion rate between the groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in gestational age, neonatal sex or neonatal weight between the groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of placenta previa in Group B was significantly lower than that in Group D, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of fetal distress in Group B was significantly lower than that in Groups C and D, and the incidence of neonatal jaundice in Group D was significantly higher than that in Groups A and B (P < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, the number of high-quality embryos was independent factors affecting clinical pregnancy, and the embryo transfer method was an independent factor affecting fetal distress and neonatal jaundice. Young PCOS patients without risk of OHSS have a high clinical pregnancy rate with fresh transplant cycles. PCOS disease itself has no significant effect on the perinatal outcomes of the mother or singleton infant. Frozen-thawed embryo transfer may increase the incidence of low placenta, fetal distress and neonatal jaundice.

Mycoplasma bovis can lead to a decline in milk quality and yield, thereby causing significant economic losses worldwide. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for triggering immune cell responses to infection. This study aimed to demonstrate the immunomodulatory effects of EVs released by bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T cells) infected with M. bovis on bovine macrophages (BoMacs). After EVs were extracted from M. bovis -infected MAC-T cells ( M. bovis NX2-EVs) as well as from uninfected MAC-T cells (Ctrl-EVs), they were incubated with BoMacs to assess their potential to induce cytokine expression. The results showed that M. bovis NX2-EV-treated BoMacs exhibited significantly increased expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Additionally, the differentially expressed genes mainly involved the TNF, NF-kappa B and IL-17 signalling pathways, with endocytosis and megalocytosis recognized as the main pathways through which BoMacs can take up EVs. Furthermore, mass spectrometry and RNA-seq were used to determine the protein and miRNA expression profiles of Ctrl-EVs and M. bovis NX2-EVs. Overall, 27 And 86 proteins were significantly downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in M. bovis NX2-EVs compared with those in Ctrl-EVs. Similarly, a total of 9 miRNAs were upregulated, while 2 miRNAs were downregulated in M. bovis NX2-EVs. Finally, JCHAIN, MAPRE1, miR-1307, and miR-149-5p were identified as differentially expressed proteins and miRNAs in M. bovis NX2-EVs, thus highlighting their involvement in cellular immune regulation and related diseases. These results reveal the mechanism of host resistance to M. bovis infection and provide new insights for exploring the pathogenic mechanism of M. bovis.

Achieving the dual goals of “carbon neutrality and carbon peaking” will necessitate not only improving urban production and lifestyles to reduce carbon emissions but also minimizing the adverse effects of urban building elements on the diffusion of carbon emissions. This can facilitate the rapid flow of carbon emissions to high-carbon sink areas, thereby accelerating urban carbon circulation. This study calculated the carbon emissions of Hangzhou, utilized the WRF/Hysplit coupling method to simulate the city’s carbon emission diffusion status in 2020, and explored the impact of construction land layouts on carbon emission diffusion in terms of building height and building location. The results indicate the following: (1) The main sources of carbon emissions are located within the city, displaying a multi-center spatial distribution. The primary corridor for carbon emission diffusion is on the east side, where the underlying building density is relatively low. (2) As the building height increases from 24 to 36 m, the obstructive effect on carbon emission diffusion rapidly intensifies; however, this increase slows considerably once the building height exceeds 54 m. (3) The impact of buildings on carbon emission diffusion is the greatest when the distance between construction land and a carbon source area is 0 km. When this distance is 2 km, the obstructive effect of buildings significantly improves, depending on their heights. Beyond 7 km, the building height has almost no impact on carbon emission diffusion. The findings of this study may provide valuable suggestions for optimizing building heights in newly developed areas on the outskirts of cities, aiding in the effective design of construction land layouts to help China achieve its carbon neutrality and carbon peaking goals.