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"Xu, Min"
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The Chinese way
\"This book describes the Chinese way of life (CWOL) circa 2014, based on extensive primary and secondary data. Taking an anthropological approach, the book covers 51 topics that would have been studied if China were a newly discovered civilization, plus one overarching chapter that presents nine core concepts of CWOL. While the book is a rigorous treatment of CWOL, it is also filled with personal stories and perspectives from close to 1000 successful Chinese from academia, business, and government. The Chinese Way equips readers with a deep understanding of a society that is a major player in global business today and offers a foundation for successful business interactions with Chinese companies, organizations, and people\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Image colorization based on transformer
This paper presents a transformer-based method for colorizing grayscale image. By employing a deep architecture with stacked encoder-decoder layers, the model effectively captures intricate features, significantly improving its expressive capacity. The encoder primarily extracts features from the input grayscale image, while the decoder utilizes these features alongside the self-attention mechanism and contextual information to predict the corresponding
and
chrominance components in CIELAB color space, and combines the channel
of the input image to achieve image colorization. To ensure the generated image mimics a real-life image in terms of pixel accuracy and visual quality, the algorithm employs a variety of loss functions. Experimental results demonstrate significant performance improvements in black and white image colorization. The generated images exhibit natural coloring and rich details, making them highly valuable in practical applications.
Journal Article
Alcohols electrooxidation coupled with H2 production at high current densities promoted by a cooperative catalyst
Electrochemical alcohols oxidation offers a promising approach to produce valuable chemicals and facilitate coupled H
2
production. However, the corresponding current density is very low at moderate cell potential that substantially limits the overall productivity. Here we report the electrooxidation of benzyl alcohol coupled with H
2
production at high current density (540 mA cm
−2
at 1.5 V
vs
. RHE) over a cooperative catalyst of Au nanoparticles supported on cobalt oxyhydroxide nanosheets (Au/CoOOH). The absolute current can further reach 4.8 A at 2.0 V in a more realistic two-electrode membrane-free flow electrolyzer. Experimental combined with theoretical results indicate that the benzyl alcohol can be enriched at Au/CoOOH interface and oxidized by the electrophilic oxygen species (OH*) generated on CoOOH, leading to higher activity than pure Au. Based on the finding that the catalyst can be reversibly oxidized/reduced at anodic potential/open circuit, we design an intermittent potential (IP) strategy for long-term alcohol electrooxidation that achieves high current density (>250 mA cm
−2
) over 24 h with promoted productivity and decreased energy consumption.
Electrochemical alcohol oxidation offers a promising approach to produce valuable chemicals that can be paired with fuel-producing reactions. Here, authors utilize gold and cobalt oxyhydroxide nanomaterials to obtain industrially-relevant electrolyzer current densities for benzyl alcohol oxidation.
Journal Article
Predictive Modeling of the Hospital Readmission Risk from Patients’ Claims Data Using Machine Learning: A Case Study on COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a prevalent chronic pulmonary condition that affects hundreds of millions of people all over the world. Many COPD patients got readmitted to hospital within 30 days after discharge due to various reasons. Such readmission can usually be avoided if additional attention is paid to patients with high readmission risk and appropriate actions are taken. This makes early prediction of the hospital readmission risk an important problem. The goal of this paper is to conduct a systematic study on developing different types of machine learning models, including both deep and non-deep ones, for predicting the readmission risk of COPD patients. We evaluate those different approaches on a real world database containing the medical claims of 111,992 patients from the Geisinger Health System from January 2004 to September 2015. The patient features we build the machine learning models upon include both knowledge-driven ones, which are the features extracted according to clinical knowledge potentially related to COPD readmission, and data-driven features, which are extracted from the patient data themselves. Our analysis showed that the prediction performance in terms of Area Under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) Curve (AUC) can be improved from around 0.60 using knowledge-driven features, to 0.653 by combining both knowledge-driven and data-driven features, based on the one-year claims history before discharge. Moreover, we also demonstrate that the complex deep learning models in this case cannot really improve the prediction performance, with the best AUC around 0.65.
Journal Article
Photoelectrocatalytic C–H halogenation over an oxygen vacancy-rich TiO2 photoanode
Photoelectrochemical cells are emerging as powerful tools for organic synthesis. However, they have rarely been explored for C–H halogenation to produce organic halides of industrial and medicinal importance. Here we report a photoelectrocatalytic strategy for C–H halogenation using an oxygen-vacancy-rich TiO
2
photoanode with NaX (X=Cl
−
, Br
−
, I
−
). Under illumination, the photogenerated holes in TiO
2
oxidize the halide ions to corresponding radicals or X
2
, which then react with the substrates to yield organic halides. The PEC C–H halogenation strategy exhibits broad substrate scope, including arenes, heteroarenes, nonpolar cycloalkanes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Experimental and theoretical data reveal that the oxygen vacancy on TiO
2
facilitates the photo-induced carriers separation efficiency and more importantly, promotes halide ions adsorption with intermediary strength and hence increases the activity. Moreover, we designed a self-powered PEC system and directly utilised seawater as both the electrolyte and chloride ions source, attaining chlorocyclohexane productivity of 412 µmol h
−1
coupled with H
2
productivity of 9.2 mL h
−1
, thus achieving a promising way to use solar for upcycling halogen in ocean resource into valuable organic halides.
Photoelectrochemical cells are promising tools for C–H functionalisation coupled with H2 production. In this work, Duan et. al., reported the photoelectrocatalytic C–H halogenation to produce organic halides of industrial and medicinal importance with promoted H
2
production.
Journal Article
Biomass‐based materials for advanced supercapacitor: principles, progress, and perspectives
Supercapacitors exhibit considerable potential as energy storage devices due to their high power density, fast charging and discharging abilities, long cycle life, and eco‐friendliness. With the increasing environmental concerns associated with synthetic compounds, the use of environment friendly biopolymers to replace conventional petroleum‐based materials has been widely studied. Biomass‐based materials are biodegradable, renewable, environment friendly and non‐toxic. The unique hierarchical nanostructure, excellent mechanical properties and hydrophilicity allow them to be used to create functional conductive materials with precisely controlled structures and different properties. In this review, the latest development of biomass‐based supercapacitor materials is reviewed and discussed. This paper describes the physical and chemical properties of various biopolymers and their impact on supercapacitors, as well as the classification and basic principles of supercapacitors. Then, a comprehensive discussion is presented on the utilization of biomass‐based materials in supercapacitors and their recent applications across a range of supercapacitor devices. Finally, an overview of the future prospects and challenges pertaining to the utilization of biomass‐based materials in supercapacitors is provided. Starting from the physical and chemical properties of biopolymers, the classification and basic principles of supercapacitors, the impact of biomass‐based materials on supercapacitors is introduced. Then, the latest specific applications of biomass‐based materials are comprehensively discussed in terms of both electrode and electrolyte materials. Finally, the current challenges and future development directions are discussed and summarized.
Journal Article
BioAIEgens derived from rosin: how does molecular motion affect their photophysical processes in solid state?
The exploration of artificial luminogens with bright emission has been fully developed with the advancement of synthetic chemistry. However, many of them face problems like weakened emission in the aggregated state as well as poor renewability and sustainability. Therefore, the development of renewable and sustainable luminogens with anti-quenching function in the solid state, as well as to unveil the key factors that influence their luminescence behavior become highly significant. Herein, a new class of natural rosin-derived luminogens with aggregation-induced emission property (AIEgens) have been facilely obtained with good biocompatibility and targeted organelle imaging capability as well as photochromic behavior in the solid state. Mechanistic study indicates that the introduction of the alicyclic moiety helps suppress the excited-state molecular motion to enhance the solid-state emission. The current work fundamentally elucidates the role of alicyclic moiety in luminogen design and practically demonstrates a new source to large-scalely obtain biocompatible AIEgens.
To date we have a myriad of luminogenes at our deposal but many of them face problems like weakened emission in the aggregated state as well as poor sustainability. Here, the authors develop a class of rosin-derived luminogens with aggregation induced emission properties providing good biocompatibility and demonstrate their application in organelle imaging.
Journal Article