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The fashion industry is facing increasing challenges related to textile waste and environmental pollution, driving the need for sustainable material innovations. Bacterial cellulose (BC), a biodegradable and non-polluting biomaterial, has emerged as a promising alternative for the sustainable transformation of fashion materials. Investigations into printing and dyeing techniques are expected to provide methodological frameworks for the design and functional application of BC materials, promoting their adoption and development in the fashion sector. This study, using the kombucha culture method, systematically investigated the cultivation, purification, plasticization, and drying processes of BC as a fashion material, examined its color characteristics using plant and reactive dyeing, and evaluated the effects of pattern printing and the feasibility of traditional plant pigment stencil printing, digital printing, and cyanotype printing on BC. Based on these printing and dyeing methods, digital printing combined with reactive dyeing—offering richer print effects, a wider color gamut, and higher rubbing fastness—was selected to realize the fashion design series Photosynthesis using BC as the primary material. This research contributes methodological insights into the integration of bio-based materials in fashion design and promotes the advancement of sustainable practices within the textile and apparel industries.

The daily behavioral patterns of giraffes reflect their health status and well-being. Behaviors such as licking, walking, standing, and eating are not only essential components of giraffes’ routine activities but also serve as potential indicators of their mental and physiological conditions. This is particularly relevant in captive environments such as zoos, where certain repetitive behaviors may signal underlying well-being concerns. Therefore, developing an efficient and accurate automated behavior detection system is of great importance for scientific management and welfare improvement. This study proposes a multi-behavior automatic detection method for giraffes based on YOLO11-Pose and the spatial-adaptive two-stream network (SATSN). Firstly, YOLO11-Pose is employed to detect giraffes and estimate the keypoints of their mouths. Observation-Centric SORT (OC-SORT) is then used to track individual giraffes across frames, ensuring temporal identity consistency based on the keypoint positions estimated by YOLO11-Pose. In the SATSN, we propose a region-of-interest extraction strategy for licking behavior to extract local motion features and perform daily behavior classification. In this network, the original 3D ResNet backbone in the slow pathway is replaced with a video transformer encoder to enhance global spatiotemporal modeling, while a Temporal Attention (TA) module is embedded in the fast pathway to improve the representation of fast motion features. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a giraffe behavior dataset consisting of 420 video clips (10 s per clip) was constructed, with 336 clips used for training and 84 for validation. Experimental results show that for the detection tasks of licking, walking, standing, and eating behaviors, the proposed method achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 93.99%. This demonstrates the strong detection performance and generalization capability of the approach, providing robust support for automated multi-behavior detection and well-being assessment of giraffes. It also lays a technical foundation for building intelligent behavioral monitoring systems in zoos.

Background Postoperative respiratory adverse events are the most common perioperative complications in pediatric anesthesia, particularly prevalent in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, with an incidence rate as high as 50%. The choice of anesthetic induction regimen directly influences the incidence of respiratory adverse events during the induction period. However, this effect seems to have minimal impact on postoperative outcomes. The occurrence rate of postoperative respiratory adverse events is likely more closely associated with the anesthetic maintenance phase, yet this relationship remains uncertain at present. Methods The objective of this study was to assess the impact of different anesthetic maintenance regimens on postoperative respiratory adverse events in pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. The AmPRAEC study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind controlled trial. A total of 717 pediatric patients were recruited from 12 medical centers and randomly assigned to three groups: group A (intravenous maintenance group, receiving propofol infusion); group B (intravenous-inhalational combination group, maintained with 1% sevoflurane combined with propofol); and group C (inhalational maintenance group, maintained with 2–3% sevoflurane inhalation). The primary outcome measure was the incidence rate of postoperative respiratory adverse events. Discussion This clinical trial aims to elucidate the impact of various anesthetic maintenance regimens on postoperative respiratory adverse events in pediatric patients. The outcomes of this study are anticipated to facilitate anesthesiologists in devising more comprehensive perioperative management strategies, enhancing comfort, and improving the clinical outcomes for this patient population. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ) ChiCTR2300074803. Registered on August 16, 2023.

Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) identified by the American Geriatrics Society should generally be avoided by older adults because of ineffectiveness or excess risk of adverse effects. Few studies have examined the effects of PIMs on driving safety measured by prospectively and objectively collected driving data. Data for this study came from the Longitudinal Research on Aging Drivers study, a multisite naturalistic driving study of older adults. Multivariable negative binominal modeling was used to estimate incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals of hard braking events (proxies for unsafe driving behavior defined as events with a deceleration rate ≥0.4 g) associated with PIM use among older drivers. The study sample consisted of 2932 drivers aged 65–79 years at baseline, including 542 (18.5%) who used at least one PIM. These drivers were followed through an in-vehicle recording device for up to 44 months. The overall incidence of hard braking events was 1.16 per 1000 miles. Use of PIMs was associated with a 10% increased risk of hard braking events. Compared to drivers who were not using PIMs, the risk of hard braking events increased 6% for those using one PIM, and 24% for those using two or more PIMs. Use of PIMs by older adult drivers is associated in a dose-response fashion with elevated risks of hard braking events. Reducing PIM use in older adults might help improve driving safety as well as health outcomes.

One of the major challenges in medicine is the preparation of a controlled drug release system sensitive to environmental stimuli via a simple method. In the present work, the association of ibuprofen with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) was studied in detail. Then a mesoporous SiO 2 ( m -SiO 2 ) drug release systems were synthesized via the simplified sol–gel method using the associates of ibuprofen and APTES as templates. Also, the m -SiO 2 were in situ modified by UV-responsive groups to fabricate particles sensitive to pH and UV stimulus. On–off release behaviors were realized by further association of UV-responsive groups of the particles with β-cyclodextrins. Although slight harm of the particles to Gram-negative E. coli was observed due to the introduction of UV-responsive groups, it could be overcome by slight enlargement of the particle size. Therefore, the fabricated m -SiO 2 particles were smart drug release systems. Graphical abstract

T cell infiltration into tumors is a favorable prognostic feature, but most solid tumors lack productive T cell responses. Mechanisms that coordinate T cell exclusion are incompletely understood. Here we identify hepatocyte activation via interleukin-6/STAT3 and secretion of serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins 1 and 2 as important regulators of T cell surveillance of extrahepatic tumors. Loss of STAT3 in hepatocytes or SAA remodeled the tumor microenvironment with infiltration by CD8 + T cells, while interleukin-6 overexpression in hepatocytes and SAA signaling via Toll-like receptor 2 reduced the number of intratumoral dendritic cells and, in doing so, inhibited T cell tumor infiltration. Genetic ablation of SAA enhanced survival after tumor resection in a T cell-dependent manner. Likewise, in individuals with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, long-term survivors after surgery demonstrated lower serum SAA levels than short-term survivors. Taken together, these data define a fundamental link between liver and tumor immunobiology wherein hepatocytes govern productive T cell surveillance in cancer. Here the authors show how the liver affects the immune response to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and that cancer immunity and survival outcomes after surgery might be bolstered by therapeutic intervention on hepatocyte release of serum amyloid A proteins.

Manganese zinc magnetic fluid is a temperature sensitive magnetic fluid that can regulate its flow behavior using temperature and magnetic fields. However, there is currently no testing platform for evaluating the heat dissipation ability of this magnetic fluid working fluid by coupling temperature and magnetic fields. This article establishes two experimental testing platforms for applying magnetic fields, namely a circulating pipeline and a temperature equalization plate. Compared with deionized water, evaluate the average temperature and heat dissipation ability of water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid. The test results show that the heat dissipation start time of the manganese zinc magnetic fluid loop pipe is better than that of deionized water. Under the action of magnetic field (500Gs), the average temperature of the circulating pipeline decreases by 7.2% (heat source power 15W); Under the action of a magnetic field (3000Gs), the thermal resistance of the homogenizing plate (filled with 48% water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid) decreases by about 16.7% (heat source power 140W). The water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid working fluid exhibits better heat transfer performance than the deionized water working fluid under high heat source power. The experimental results prove that the designed water-based manganese zinc magnetic fluid working fluid heat dissipation capacity testing platform has reliable experimental quantification results.

Surface fitting techniques are becoming more and more widely used in today’s industry. To make up for the lack of accurate representation of circular holes in circular surfaces in current surface fitting algorithms, this paper improved the original algorithm based on the nonuniform rational B-sample surface fitting by referring to the form of polar coordinates in the step of parameter direction determination to make it more accurate in fitting circular surfaces. Finally, by comparing the traditional method with the improved algorithm in this paper through experimental fitting, the accuracy and practicality of the algorithm can be shown from the results.

Based on the analysis of existing assembly simulation positioning error evaluation methods, a visualization evaluation system of surface matching error was developed in this paper. The software can read the point cloud data measured by the CMM. And then, the software can fit the data to the surface and then visualize the surface. At the same time, the software can automatically match different parts in the database, display the best matching solution, and evaluate the matching error.

Binary data with bilateral outcomes is often encountered in medical comparative clinical studies where patients receive treatment on paired organs or body parts. Usually, one would expect the measurement contributed from the paired organs of the single person to be correlated. Methods of analysis that overlooked this feature of intraclass correlation may lead to an invalid inference. Taking this issue into consideration, we developed a series of likelihood-based test statistics for proportion-related effect measures on stratified correlated binary data with bilateral outcomes, including (1) three homogeneity test statistics for proportion ratios across strata based on Likelihood ratio test, Score test, and Wald-type test, (2) four confidence interval estimators (unconstrained and semi-constrained MLE-based weighted Wald-type confidence interval, profile likelihood confidence interval, and constrained MLE-based Score confidence interval) for proportion ratios, and (3) three test statistics testing the homogeneity of odds ratios. Two types of Monte Carlo simulation studies were designed and conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed testing methods and confidence interval estimators. The presented testing procedures were demonstrated by revisiting the illustrative rheumatology study.