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Overexpression of NPM1 can promote the growth and proliferation of various tumor cells. However, there are few studies on the comprehensive analysis of NPM1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). TCGA and GEO data sets were used to analyze the expression of NPM1 in LUAD and clinicopathological analysis. The GO/KEGG enrichment analysis of NPM1 co-expression and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed using R software package. The relationship between NPM1 expression and LUAD immune infiltration was analyzed using TIMER, GEPIA database and TCGA data sets, and the relationship between NPM1 expression level and LUAD m6A modification and glycolysis was analyzed using TCGA and GEO data sets. NPM1 was overexpressed in a variety of tumors including LUAD, and the ROC curve showed that NPM1 had a certain accuracy in predicting the outcome of tumors and normal samples. The expression level of NPM1 in LUAD is significantly related to tumor stage and prognosis. The GO/KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that NPM1 was closely related to translational initiation, ribosome, structural constituent of ribosome, ribosome, Parkinson disease, and RNA transport. GSEA showed that the main enrichment pathway of NPM1-related differential genes was mainly related to mTORC1 mediated signaling, p53 hypoxia pathway, signaling by EGFR in cancer, antigen activates B cell receptor BCR leading to generation of second messengers, aerobic glycolysis and methylation pathways. The analysis of TIMER, GEPIA database and TCGA data sets showed that the expression level of NPM1 was negatively correlated with B cells and NK cells. The TCGA and GEO data sets analysis indicated that the NPM1 expression was significantly correlated with one m6A modifier related gene (YTHDF2) and five glycolysis related genes (ENO1, HK2, LDHA, LDHB and SLC2A1). NPM1 is a prognostic biomarker involved in immune infiltration of LUAD and associated with m6A modification and glycolysis. NPM1 can be used as an effective target for diagnosis and treatment of LUAD.

Long-wavelength, near-infrared small-molecule dyes are attractive in biophotonics. Conventionally, they rely on expanded aromatic structures for redshift, which comes at the cost of application performance such as photostability, cell permeability, and functionality. Here, we report a ground-state antiaromatic strategy and showcase the concise synthesis of 14 cationic aminofluorene dyes with mini structures (molecular weights: 299–504 Da) and distinct spectra covering 700–1600 nm. Aminofluorene dyes are cell-permeable and achieve rapid renal clearance via a simple 44 Da carboxylation. This accelerates optical diagnostics of renal injury by 50 min compared to existing macromolecular approaches. We develop a compact molecular sensing platform for in vivo intracellular sensing, and demonstrate the versatile applications of these dyes in multispectral fluorescence and optoacoustic imaging. We find that aromaticity reversal upon electronic excitation, as indicated by magnetic descriptors, not only reduces the energy bandgap but also induces strong vibronic coupling, resulting in ultrafast excited-state dynamics and unparalleled photostability. These results support the argument for ground-state antiaromaticity as a useful design rule of dye development, enabling performances essential for modern biophotonics. Near-infrared small molecule dyes are attractive in biophotonics, but generally rely on expanded aromatic structures to achieve this redshift. Here the authors report the use of a ground state antiaromatic strategy for 14 aminofluorene dyes, and their use in imaging kidney injury.

We investigate quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in various spin chain systems using the multipartite entanglement measure τ S E F based on the monogamy inequality of squared entanglement of formation (EOF). Our results demonstrate that τ S E F is more effective and reliable than bipartite entanglement or bipartite correlation measures such as EOF, von Neumann entropy, and quantum discord in characterizing QPTs. τ S E F not only detects critical points that may go unnoticed by other detectors but also avoids the issue of singularity at non-critical points encountered by other measures. Furthermore, by applying τ S E F , we have obtained the phase diagram for the XY spin chain with three and four interactions and discovered a new quantum phase.

We investigated the mediating effect of burnout and depression on the relationship between adolescent academic stress and sleep quality. Participants comprised 757 adolescents aged 12-18 years, who completed self-report questionnaires assessing academic stress, sleep quality, school burnout, and depression. Results showed that adolescent academic stress was negatively correlated with sleep quality, and that depression and school burnout were also negatively associated with sleep quality. Results of a multiple mediation model showed that adolescent academic stress was not only directly correlated with sleep quality, but was also indirectly associated with sleep quality through the mediating effect of school burnout and depression, as well as through the sequential mediating effect from school burnout to depression. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Study objectives This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with falls in hospitalized patients, develop a predictive risk model using machine learning algorithms, and evaluate the validity of the model’s predictions. Study design A cross-sectional design was employed using data from the DRYAD public database. Research methods The study utilized data from the Fukushima Medical University Hospital Cohort Study, obtained from the DRYAD public database. 20% of the dataset was allocated as an independent test set, while the remaining 80% was utilized for training and validation. To address data imbalance in binary variables, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique combined with Edited Nearest Neighbors (SMOTE-ENN) was applied. Univariate analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were used to analyze and screen variables. Predictive models were constructed by integrating key clinical features, and eight machine learning algorithms were evaluated to identify the most effective model. Additionally, SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) was used to interpret the predictive models and rank the importance of risk factors. Results The final model included the following variables: Adl_standing, Adl_evacuation, Age_group, Planned_surgery, Wheelchair, History_of_falls, Hypnotic_drugs, Psychotropic_drugs, and Remote_caring_system. Among the evaluated models, the Random Forest algorithm demonstrated superior performance, achieving an AUC of 0.814 (95% CI: 0.802–0.827) in the training set, 0.781 (95% CI: 0.740–0.821) in the validation set, and 0.795 (95% CI: 0.770–0.820) in the test set. Conclusion Machine learning algorithms, particularly Random Forest, are effective in predicting fall risk among hospitalized patients. These findings can significantly enhance fall prevention strategies within healthcare settings.

Meiotic maturation of mammalian oocytes is a precisely orchestrated and complex process. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a widely used solvent, drug, and cryoprotectant, is capable of disturbing asymmetric cytokinesis of oocyte meiosis in mice. However, in pigs, DMSO's effect on oocyte meiosis still remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate if DMSO treatment will affect porcine oocyte meiosis and the underlying molecular changes as well. Interestingly, we did not observe the formation of the large first polar body and symmetric division for porcine oocytes treated with DMSO, contrary to findings reported in mice. 3% DMSO treatment could inhibit cumulus expansion, increase nuclear abnormality, disturb spindle organization, decrease reactive oxygen species level, and elevate mitochondrial membrane potential of porcine oocytes. There was no effect on germinal vesicle breakdown rate regardless of DMSO concentration. 3% DMSO treatment did not affect expression of genes involved in spindle organization (Bub1 and Mad2) and apoptosis (NF-κB, Pten, Bcl2, Caspase3 and Caspase9), however, it significantly decreased expression levels of pluripotency genes (Oct4, Sox2 and Lin28) in mature oocytes. Therefore, we demonstrated that disturbed cumulus expansion, chromosome alignment, spindle organization and pluripotency gene expression could be responsible for DMSO-induced porcine oocyte meiotic arrest and the lower capacity of subsequent embryo development. Our results provide new insights on DMSO's effect on porcine oocyte meiosis and raise safety concerns over DMSO's usage on female reproduction in both farm animals and humans.

Objective The association between diet quality, dietary behavior and health-related quality of life has been mostly examined in children and adolescents with specific chronic diseases. No systematic review has synthesized the influence of diet quality and dietary behavior on health-related quality of life in the general population of children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the primary studies that evaluated the association between diet quality, dietary behavior and health-related quality of life in the general population of children and adolescents and to synthesize the findings for the association. Methods A computer search in the databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE and PSYCINFO was performed to retrieve English language studies that were published from 1946 up to April 8, 2018. We also screened the PubMed-related articles and the reference lists of the existing relevant literature to identify other eligible studies. We synthesized the association between diet quality, dietary behavior and health-related quality of life using both a qualitative method and meta-analysis. We reported the review following up the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Results Seventeen studies were included in the synthesis including twelve cross-sectional studies and five longitudinal studies. We found that diet quality and dietary behavior were associated with health-related quality of life in children and adolescents. The positive effect of healthy diets on health-related quality of life was observed for multiple domains of health-related quality of life, including physical, school and emotional functioning, and psychosocial quality of life. We observed a dose–response relationship between the diet exposure and health-related quality of life, where an unhealthy dietary behavior or lower diet quality was associated with decreased health-related quality of life among children and adolescents. Conclusion The findings of the systematic review suggest the importance of promoting healthy diets and nutrition for good health-related quality of life among children and adolescents. Future research is needed to strengthen the evidence for prospective relationships and for the dose–response effect between diet quality, dietary behavior and health-related quality of life among children and adolescents.

We establish a set of resource conversion relationships between quantum coherence and multipartite entanglement in many-body systems, where the operational measures of resource cost and distillation are focused. Under the multipartite incoherent operation, the initial coherence of single-party system bounds the maximal amounts of corresponding operational entanglement in an arbitrary bipartite partition as well as the genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) in many-body systems. Furthermore, the converted multipartite entanglement can be transferred to its subsystems and restored to coherence of a single party by means of local incoherent operations and classical communication, which constitutes a protocol of resource interconversion within the full incoherent operation scenario. As an example, we present a scheme for cyclic interconversion between coherence and GME in three-qubit systems without loss. Moreover, we analyze the property of bipartite and multipartite genuine multi-level entanglement by the initial coherence and investigate multipartite resource dynamics in the conversion.

Coherence is intrinsically related to projective measurement. When the fixed projective measurement involves higher-rank projectors, the coherence resource is referred to as block coherence, which comes from the superposition of orthogonal subspaces. Here, we establish a set of quantitative relations for the interconversion between block coherence and multipartite entanglement under the framework of the block-incoherent operations. It is found that the converted multipartite entanglement is upper bounded by the initial block coherence of single-party system. Moreover, the generated multipartite entanglement can be transferred to its subsystems and restored to block coherence of the initial single-party system by means of local block-incoherent operations and classical communication. In addition, when only the coarse-grained quantum operations are accessible for the ancillary subsystems, we further demonstrate that a lossless resource interconversion is still realizable, and give a concrete example in three four-level systems. Our results provide a versatile approach to utilize different quantum resources in a cyclic fashion.

Egg recognition is one of the most common strategies utilized by host birds to combat brood parasitism. Eggshell surface features (e.g., eggshell color and spots) are important cues for host egg recognition, enabling avian hosts to recognize and reject foreign eggs. The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), as one host of the common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), has demonstrated variation in their egg rejection propensity geographically. However, it remains unclear whether eggshell spots play an important role in their egg recognition. To this end, this study examined the role of eggshell spots in egg recognition in two populations of barn swallows. Our results revealed that in both Danzhou and Dongfang populations, the rejection rate of barn swallows for spotted eggs was significantly lower than that for eggs without spots, suggesting that eggshell spot signaling plays a pivotal role during the process of egg recognition in barn swallows. Our findings also indicated that egg shape (ovoid vs. round) did not affect egg recognition by barn swallows. This was most likely because the round shape did not deviate significantly from egg‐shaped properties, causing the inability of barn swallows to distinguish the difference in shape. We experimentally tested if egg spots were used as recognition cues in barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). The rejection rate of barn swallows for spotted eggs was significantly lower than that for spotless eggs, suggesting that eggshell spot signaling plays a pivotal role during the process of egg recognition in barn swallows.