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"Yang, Chen"
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Reading development and difficulties in monolingual and bilingual Chinese children
This volume explores Chinese reading development, focusing on children in Chinese societies and bilingual Chinese-speaking children in Western societies. The book is structured around four themes: psycholinguistic study of reading, reading disability, bilingual and biliteracy development, and Chinese children's literature. It discusses issues that are pertinent to improving language and literacy development, and complex cognitive, linguistic, and socio-cultural factors that underlie language and literacy development. In addition, the book identifies instructional practices that can enhance literacy development and academic achievement. This volume offers an integrative framework of Chinese reading, and deepens our understanding of the intricate processes that underlie Chinese children's literacy development. It promotes research in reading Chinese and celebrates the distinguished and longstanding career of Richard C. Anderson.
Book
Quantization of geometric-like coupling in gravitational field based on characterization and transformation
Connections between the formulations of physics and geometry have been evident throughout history, from classical mechanics to general relativity. Independently, quantum mechanics has been established in flat space. In this study, we investigate the geometric-like coupling of a test particle and its quantized form in a gravitational field. The main text consists of three parts: the characterization of the particle and its operator form is pointwise established. Minimal coupling with the electromagnetic potential is analyzed as a reference via an infinitesimal transform. Subsequently, the geometric coupling from the geodesic strain and its associated phase transform of the initial parallel test particle is formally studied. Within the gravitational field equation, the phase transform is specified via metric tensors in general. The linearized field condition is analyzed explicitly to show the local analogy between the four-potential in gauge-like and geometric-like couplings. From the isomorphism and function maps, the amplitude and phase in the operator form are translated to the quantum form and the Schrödinger-like equation is obtained. The representation of local equivalence and the phase transform condition is formulated. Examples of the phase shift and potential well, as well as the geometric Aharonov–Bohm effect, are studied for potential applications. Finally, the geometric-like and gauge-like couplings are summarized based on the concept of pointwise characterization and associated matrix transformation.
Journal Article
PM2.5 promotes lung cancer progression through activation of the AhR‐TMPRSS2‐IL18 pathway
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a risk factor for lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure on lung cancer progression. We found that short‐term exposure to PM2.5 for 24 h activated the EGFR pathway in lung cancer cells (EGFR wild‐type and mutant), while long‐term exposure of lung cancer cells to PM2.5 for 90 days persistently promoted EGFR activation, cell proliferation, anchorage‐independent growth, and tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model in EGFR‐driven H1975 cancer cells. We showed that PM2.5 activated AhR to translocate into the nucleus and promoted EGFR activation. AhR further interacted with the promoter of TMPRSS2, thereby upregulating TMPRSS2 and IL18 expression to promote cancer progression. Depletion of TMPRSS2 in lung cancer cells suppressed anchorage‐independent growth and xenograft tumor growth in mice. The expression levels of TMPRSS2 were found to correlate with nuclear AhR expression and with cancer stage in lung cancer patient tissue. Long‐term exposure to PM2.5 could promote tumor progression in lung cancer through activation of EGFR and AhR to enhance the TMPRSS2‐IL18 pathway.
Synopsis
PM2.5 promotes lung cancer progression through activation of the AhR‐TMPRSS2‐IL18.
Exposure to PM2.5 activates EGFR pathway and promotes lung cancer progression.
Long‐term exposure to PM2.5 increases lung cancer cell proliferation, anchorage‐independent growth, and xenograft tumor growth in mice.
PM2.5 activates AhR to translocate into the nucleus and upregulates the expression of TMPRSS2.
Depletion of TMPRSS2 in lung cancer cells suppresses anchorage‐independent growth and xenograft tumor growth in mice.
TMPRSS2 upregulates IL I8 expression and promotes lung cancer progression.
Graphical Abstract
PM2.5 promotes lung cancer progression through activation of the AhR‐TMPRSS2‐IL18.
Journal Article
Quantization of nonequilibrium heat transport models based on isomorphism and gauge symmetry
The diffusive model in a local thermal equilibrium medium has been well established for classical heat transport. In this study, we investigated the gauge potential formulation of a heat transfer model in a non equilibrium system within classical and quantum frameworks. To achieve this, scalar and vector potential and gauge functions were first introduced to characterize the heat transport model. Subsequently, minimal coupling of the heat potential was established via isomorphic mapping between the heat transport and electromagnetism. The Schrödinger equation with quantized heat potentials that fulfill the gauge symmetry is established. Based upon, we further studied the quantization of enthalpy and entropy from a reversible thermodynamic process, including continuous and discretized system. Later, the connections between the non-isentropic condition and gauge symmetry violation were revealed to categorize classical-permitted and quantum-permitted processes. To support the study, thermal quantities are calculated according to the recent report in literature for the two predicted heat transport modes. Theoretically, it has been shown that the quantization of heat potentials as a consequence of isomorphic characterization and gauge symmetry. By incorporating the critical temperature and local symmetry breaking, it interprets the transition of quantum formulation to classical formulation in finite spatial and temporal limits.
Journal Article
American born Chinese
Alternates three interrelated stories about the problems of young Chinese Americans trying to participate in the popular culture.
Book
Increasingly uneven intra-seasonal distribution of daily and hourly precipitation over Eastern China
It has been long appreciated that precipitation falls unevenly in time, but the degree of unevenness and its changes with warming have been seldomly quantified. These quantifications, however, matter to various sectors (e.g. crop and livestock yields) for addressing evolutionary hydro-meteorological hazards. Using gauge observations at hourly- and daily-resolution, precipitation unevenness is measured by the number of wettest days/hours for half of seasonal precipitation totals over Eastern China, a major breadbasket vulnerable to precipitation volatility intra-seasonally. Across the region, half of seasonal totals needs only 11 d or even more unexpectedly just 44 h to precipitate. During 1970-2017, though seasonal precipitation amount changed little, the intra-seasonal distribution of precipitation, in both frequency and amount, has been getting significantly more uneven, with more widespread and faster changes manifesting in hourly records. The regional-scale unevenness increase is unlikely modulated by internal variability alone, suggesting detectable contributions from anthropogenic climate change. The increased unevenness has led to significant lengthening of the longest dry spells, exposing the region to a more volatile precipitation mode-burstier-but-wetter storms with prolonged droughts in-between.
Journal Article
Lee Kuan Yew through the eyes of Chinese scholars
\"A compilation of essays by highly-respected Chinese scholars in which they evaluate the life, work and philosophy of Lee Kuan Yew, founding Prime Minister of Singapore. Presenting a range of views from a uniquely Chinese/Asian perspective, this book provides valuable insights for those who wish to gain a fuller and deeper understanding of Lee Kuan Yew, the man, as well as Singapore, his nation\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Sensor Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network by Encoding Multivariate Time Series as Two-Dimensional Colored Images
This paper proposes a framework to perform the sensor classification by using multivariate time series sensors data as inputs. The framework encodes multivariate time series data into two-dimensional colored images, and concatenate the images into one bigger image for classification through a Convolutional Neural Network (ConvNet). This study applied three transformation methods to encode time series into images: Gramian Angular Summation Field (GASF), Gramian Angular Difference Field (GADF), and Markov Transition Field (MTF). Two open multivariate datasets were used to evaluate the impact of using different transformation methods, the sequences of concatenating images, and the complexity of ConvNet architectures on classification accuracy. The results show that the selection of transformation methods and the sequence of concatenation do not affect the prediction outcome significantly. Surprisingly, the simple structure of ConvNet is sufficient enough for classification as it performed equally well with the complex structure of VGGNet. The results were also compared with other classification methods and found that the proposed framework outperformed other methods in terms of classification accuracy.
Journal Article