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"Yang, Cui"
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Risk factors of dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Dysphagia is a common yet serious complication in stroke patients. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the risk factors of dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke, to provide insights to the clinical treatment and nursing care of dysphagia.
We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) for studies on dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke up to January 31, 2022. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.
A total of 10 studies involving 4637 ischemic stroke patients were included, 1183(25.51%) patients had dysphagia after stroke. The synthesized outcomes showed that elder age (SMD = 0.42, 95%CI:0.34-0.50), hypertension (OR = 1.96, 95%CI:1.48-2.61), diabetes (OR = 1.83, 95%CI:1.47-2.28), brainstem stroke (OR = 2.12, 95%CI:1.45-3.09) were associated with dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the gender between dysphagia and no dysphagia patients (OR = 1.07, 95%CI:0.91-1.27, P = 0.40). Egger regression tests indicated there were no significant publication biases in the synthesized outcomes (all P>0.05).
Elder age, hypertension, diabetes and brainstem stroke are associated with the development of dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke. Attention should be paid to the assessment and early intervention of those risk factors for dysphagia to improve the prognosis of stroke patients.
Journal Article
Inflammation and atherosclerosis: signaling pathways and therapeutic intervention
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease driven by traditional and nontraditional risk factors. Genome-wide association combined with clonal lineage tracing and clinical trials have demonstrated that innate and adaptive immune responses can promote or quell atherosclerosis. Several signaling pathways, that are associated with the inflammatory response, have been implicated within atherosclerosis such as NLRP3 inflammasome, toll-like receptors, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, Notch and Wnt signaling pathways, which are of importance for atherosclerosis development and regression. Targeting inflammatory pathways, especially the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and its regulated inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β, could represent an attractive new route for the treatment of atherosclerotic diseases. Herein, we summarize the knowledge on cellular participants and key inflammatory signaling pathways in atherosclerosis, and discuss the preclinical studies targeting these key pathways for atherosclerosis, the clinical trials that are going to target some of these processes, and the effects of quelling inflammation and atherosclerosis in the clinic.
Journal Article
The evolution of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis and host-plant switches are the main drivers for diversification of Amanitaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
Background
Evolutionary radiation is widely recognized as a mode of species diversification, but the drivers of the rapid diversification of fungi remain largely unknown. Here, we used Amanitaceae, one of the most diverse families of macro-fungi, to investigate the mechanism underlying its diversification.
Results
The ancestral state of the nutritional modes was assessed based on phylogenies obtained from fragments of 36 single-copy genes and stable isotope analyses of carbon and nitrogen. Moreover, a number of time-, trait-, and paleotemperature-dependent models were employed to investigate if the acquisition of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis and climate changes promoted the diversification of Amanitaceae. The results indicate that the evolution of ECM symbiosis has a single evolutionary origin in Amanitaceae. The earliest increase in diversification coincided with the acquisition of the ECM symbiosis with angiosperms in the middle Cretaceous. The recent explosive diversification was primarily triggered by the host-plant switches from angiosperms to the mixed forests dominated by Fagaceae, Salicaceae, and Pinaceae or to Pinaceae.
Conclusions
Our study provides a good example of integrating phylogeny, nutritional mode evolution, and ecological analyses for deciphering the mechanisms underlying fungal evolutionary diversification. This study also provides new insights into how the transition to ECM symbiosis has driven the diversification of fungi.
Journal Article
Aberrant DNA hypermethylation-regulated long non-coding RNA RYR3-DT affects ferroptosis and progression of glioma cell through the CoQ10/FSP1 axis
The RYR3-DT divergent transcript is a long noncoding RNA overexpressed in gliomas. DNA methylation is frequently perceived as a crucial process associated with epigenetic changes and among the preeminent mechanisms involved in gene inactivation. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered class of cell necrosis and death. Ferroptosis stimulation can potentially eliminate malignancies. RYR3-DT expression and its exact mechanism in glioma remain ambiguous. This investigation found that RYR3-DT was markedly elevated in gliomas. In-vitro functional assays, including Transwell assay, CCK-8, Western blot, and Annexin V assay, revealed that RYR3-DT silencing inhibits glioma cells growth, migration, and invasion, while stimulated cellular apoptosis. Western blot analysis and RNA sequencing proved that RYR3-DT regulated the ferroptosis CoQ10/FSP1 pathway, concluding that lncRNA RYR3-DT deletion might suppress glioma cell growth migrating and invading ability, and also increase cellular apoptosis via CoQ10/FSP1 pathway. Our research recommends lncRNA RYR3-DT is an expected target for future discoveries on glioma treatment.
Journal Article
Electronic Structure Modulation of Nanographenes for Second Order Nonlinear Optical Molecular Materials
Nanographenes (NGs) have drawn extensive attention as promising candidates for next‐generation optoelectronic and nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, owing to its unique optoelectronic properties and high thermal stability. However, the weak polarity or even non‐polarity of NGs (resulting in weak even order NLO properties) and the high chemical reactivity of zigzag edged NGs hinder their further applications in nonlinear optics, thus stabilization (lowering the chemical reactivity) and polarizing the charge distribution in NGs are necessary for such applications of NGs. The fusion of heptagon and pentagon endows the azulene with the character of donor‐acceptor, and the B=N unit is isoelectronic to C=C unit. The introduction of polar azulene and BN are idea to polarize and stabilize the electronic structure of NGs for NLO applications. In the present review, a survey on the functionalization and applications of NGs in nonlinear optics is conducted. The engineering of the electronic structure of NGs by topological defects, doping and edge modulation is summarized. Finally, a summary of challenges and perspectives for carbon‐based NLO nanomaterials is presented. Functionalization of nanographenes by three main strategies including topologic defects, heteroatoms doping and other means is summarized in the present review to provide valuable information for the design and exploration of nanographenes based advanced optoelectronic nanomaterials for major applications in second order nonlinear optics.
Journal Article
Transcriptome data reveal conserved patterns of fruiting body development and response to heat stress in the mushroom-forming fungus Flammulina filiformis
Mushroom-forming fungi are complex multicellular organisms that form the basis of a large industry, yet, our understanding of the mechanisms of mushroom development and its responses to various stresses remains limited. The winter mushroom (Flammulina filiformis) is cultivated at a large commercial scale in East Asia and is a species with a preference for low temperatures. This study investigated fruiting body development in F. filiformis by comparing transcriptomes of 4 developmental stages, and compared the developmental genes to a 200-genome dataset to identify conserved genes involved in fruiting body development, and examined the response of heat sensitive and -resistant strains to heat stress. Our data revealed widely conserved genes involved in primordium development of F. filiformis, many of which originated before the emergence of the Agaricomycetes, indicating co-option for complex multicellularity during evolution. We also revealed several notable fruiting-specific genes, including the genes with conserved stipe-specific expression patterns and the others which related to sexual development, water absorption, basidium formation and sporulation, among others. Comparative analysis revealed that heat stress induced more genes in the heat resistant strain (M1) than in the heat sensitive one (XR). Of particular importance are the hsp70, hsp90 and fes1 genes, which may facilitate the adjustment to heat stress in the early stages of fruiting body development. These data highlighted novel genes involved in complex multicellular development in fungi and aid further studies on gene function and efforts to improve the productivity and heat tolerance in mushroom-forming fungi.
Journal Article
Cross-border e-commerce integrated with regional economic development on mixed depression among financial professionals
BackgroundIn recent years, mixed-type depression has become a widely recognized mental health issue. The rise of cross-border e-commerce and the new pattern of regional economic development may make financial professionals face more complex work environments, which may affect their mental health status. Considering that the combination of cross-border e-commerce and regional economic development may have a certain degree of impact on the mental health of financial practitioners, the study aims to explore the nature and extent of this impact, in order to take effective measures to improve the work environment and quality of life of financial practitioners.Subjects and MethodsThe study followed 80 financial professionals with mixed depression for 1 year. It investigated the extent of mixed-type depression in patients before and after the intersection of cross-border e-commerce and regional economic development. The study used the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) to assess the severity of mixed depressive symptoms.ResultsAfter the mutual integration of cross-border e-commerce and regional economic development, the average HAMA score of mixed depression among financial employees decreased to approximately 10.45, with a significant pre-post difference (P<0.05), indicating that the patients’ mixed depression was significantly alleviated.ConclusionsThe combination of cross-border e-commerce and regional economic development has a significant positive impact on the mixed depression of financial professionals. Prove that while promoting economic restructuring and cross-border e-commerce development, it also indirectly promotes the psychological health of practitioners.AcknowledgementThe 2019 Research Project of Humanities and Social Sciences by Chongqing Municipal Commission of Education (No. 20skz092).
Journal Article
A Carbon Foam with Sodiophilic Surface for Highly Reversible, Ultra‐Long Cycle Sodium Metal Anode
Sodium metal anodes combine low redox potential (−2.71 V versus SHE) and high theoretical capacity (1165 mAh g−1), becoming a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries. Due to the infinite volume change, unstable SEI films, and Na dendrite growth, it is arduous to achieve a long lifespan. Herein, an oxygen‐doped carbon foam (OCF) derived from starch is reported. Heteroatom doping can significantly reduce the nucleation resistance of sodium metal; combined with its rich pore structure and large specific surface area, OCF provides abundant nucleation sites to effectively guide the nucleation and subsequent growth of sodium metal, and the nature of this foam can accommodate the deposited sodium. Furthermore, a more uniform, robust, and stable SEI layer is observed on the surface of OCF electrode, so it can maintain ultra‐high reversibility and excellent integrity for a long time without dendritic growth. As a result, when the current density is 10 mA cm−2, the electrode can maintain stable 2000 cycles and the coulombic efficiency can reach to 99.83%. Na@OCF||Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell also has extremely high capacity retention of about 97.53% over 150 cycles. These results provide a simple but effective method for achieving the safety and commercialization of sodium metal anode. An O‐doped carbon foam with a sodiophilic surface is constructed and applied to the sodium metal anode. The excellent sodiophilic property, abundant porous structure, and large specific surface make the material stable during multiple plating/stripping processes, and no sodium dendrites are formed. Consequently, the sodium metal battery exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.
Journal Article