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"Yang, J."
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The ascent to godhood
\"The Protector is dead. For fifty years, the Protector ruled, reshaping her country in her image and driving her enemies to the corners of the map. For half a century the world turned around her as she built her armies, trained her Tensors, and grasped at the reins of fate itself. Now she is dead. Her followers will quiver, her enemies rejoice. But in one tavern, deep in rebel territory, her greatest enemy drowns her sorrows. Lady Han raised a movement that sought the Protector's head, yet now she can only mourn her loss. She remembers how it all began, when the Protector was young, not yet crowned, and a desperate dancing girl dared to fall in love with her\"--Publisher description.
Book
Memristive crossbar arrays for brain-inspired computing
With their working mechanisms based on ion migration, the switching dynamics and electrical behaviour of memristive devices resemble those of synapses and neurons, making these devices promising candidates for brain-inspired computing. Built into large-scale crossbar arrays to form neural networks, they perform efficient in-memory computing with massive parallelism by directly using physical laws. The dynamical interactions between artificial synapses and neurons equip the networks with both supervised and unsupervised learning capabilities. Moreover, their ability to interface with analogue signals from sensors without analogue/digital conversions reduces the processing time and energy overhead. Although numerous simulations have indicated the potential of these networks for brain-inspired computing, experimental implementation of large-scale memristive arrays is still in its infancy. This Review looks at the progress, challenges and possible solutions for efficient brain-inspired computation with memristive implementations, both as accelerators for deep learning and as building blocks for spiking neural networks.Memristive devices show great potential as artificial synapses and neurons, yet brain-inspired computing can be realized only by integrating a large number of these devices into reliable arrays. This Review discusses the challenges in the integration and use in computation of large-scale memristive neural networks.
Journal Article
Nonlinearity in Memristors for Neuromorphic Dynamic Systems
As semiconductor technology enters the more than Moore era, there exists an apparent contradiction between the rapidly growing demands for data processing and the visible inefficiency rooted in traditional computing architecture. Neuromorphic systems hold great prospects in enabling a new generation of computing paradigm that can address this issue, which demands device components with rich dynamics and nonlinearity. Herein, the nonlinearity in memristive devices and their application in building neuromorphic dynamic systems are reviewed. The internal mechanisms that endow memristive devices with nonlinearity and rich dynamics are reviewed and subsequently the nonlinear spiking neurons that are implemented utilizing the physical processes in memristors are shown. Typical examples on neuromorphic dynamic systems based on nonlinear memristors are summarized, including memristive reservoir, memristive oscillatory neural network, and memristive chaotic computing. Finally, an outlook in the development of neuromorphic dynamic systems is given. Herein, the internal nonlinearity and rich dynamics in memristive devices, distinguishing them from static linear circuit elements, which provide vital substrates for building neuromorphic dynamic systems capable of information processing with high efficiency, are discussed. Typical examples of neuromorphic dynamic systems based on nonlinear memristors, including memristive reservoir, memristive oscillatory neural network, and memristive chaotic computing, are highlighted.
Journal Article
Strategic cyber security management
\"This textbook places cyber security management within an organizational and strategic framework, enabling students to develop their knowledge and skills for a future career. The reader will learn to: evaluate different types of cyber risk, carry out a threat analysis and place cyber threats in order of severity, formulate appropriate cyber security management policy, establish an organization-specific intelligence framework and security culture, devise and implement a cyber security awareness programme, and integrate cyber security within an organization's operating system. Learning objectives, chapter summaries and further reading in each chapter provide structure and routes to further in-depth research. Firm theoretical grounding is coupled with short problem-based case studies reflecting a range of organizations and perspectives, illustrating how the theory translates to practice, with each case study followed by a set of questions to encourage understanding and analysis. Non-technical and comprehensive, this textbook shows final year undergraduate students and postgraduate students of Cyber Security Management, as well as reflective practitioners, how to adopt a pro-active approach to the management of cyber security. Online resources include PowerPoint slides, an instructor's manual, and a test bank of questions\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Tough adhesives for diverse wet surfaces
Adhesion to wet and dynamic surfaces, including biological tissues, is important in many fields but has proven to be extremely challenging. Existing adhesives are cytotoxic, adhere weakly to tissues, or cannot be used in wet environments. We report a bioinspired design for adhesives consisting of two layers: an adhesive surface and a dissipative matrix. The former adheres to the substrate by electrostatic interactions, covalent bonds, and physical interpenetration. The latter amplifies energy dissipation through hysteresis. The two layers synergistically lead to higher adhesion energies on wet surfaces as compared with those of existing adhesives. Adhesion occurs within minutes, independent of blood exposure and compatible with in vivo dynamic movements. This family of adhesives may be useful in many areas of application, including tissue adhesives, wound dressings, and tissue repair.
Journal Article
Bioinspired bio-voltage memristors
Memristive devices are promising candidates to emulate biological computing. However, the typical switching voltages (0.2-2 V) in previously described devices are much higher than the amplitude in biological counterparts. Here we demonstrate a type of diffusive memristor, fabricated from the protein nanowires harvested from the bacterium
Geobacter sulfurreducens
, that functions at the biological voltages of 40-100 mV. Memristive function at biological voltages is possible because the protein nanowires catalyze metallization. Artificial neurons built from these memristors not only function at biological action potentials (e.g., 100 mV, 1 ms) but also exhibit temporal integration close to that in biological neurons. The potential of using the memristor to directly process biosensing signals is also demonstrated.
Designing energy efficient systems capable to directly process signals at biological voltages remains a challenge. Here, the authors propose a bio-compatible memristor device based on protein-nanowire dielectric, harvested from the bacterium Geobactor sulfurreducens, working at biological voltages.
Journal Article
شينجيانغ جسر آسيا وأوربا
يجمع الكتاب بين النصوص والصور، ويستعرض الكتاب صورة انفتاح شينجيانغ على العالم استعراضا حيا استنادا على مجموعة كبيرة من الأمثلة الحية والبيانات التفصيلية، ويتناول الكتاب بصورة شاملة كيفية استغلال شينجيانغ لمزاياها الإقليمية، كما يعرض الكتاب دور شينجيانغ الكبير باعتبارها جسر التواصل بين آسيا وأوروبا من خلال معارضها وموانيها وجذب رؤوس الأموال والتعاون وغيرها من الأشكال، وبالتالي حققت طفرة اقتصادية كبيرة.
Book
A peculiarly short-duration gamma-ray burst from massive star core collapse
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been phenomenologically classified into long and short populations based on the observed bimodal distribution of duration
1
. Multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observations in recent years have revealed that in general long GRBs originate from massive star core collapse events
2
, whereas short GRBs originate from binary neutron star mergers
3
. It has been known that the duration criterion is sometimes unreliable, and multi-wavelength criteria are needed to identify the physical origin of a particular GRB
4
. Some apparently long GRBs have been suggested to have a neutron star merger origin
5
, whereas some apparently short GRBs have been attributed to genuinely long GRBs
6
whose short, bright emission is slightly above the detector’s sensitivity threshold. Here, we report the comprehensive analysis of the multi-wavelength data of the short, bright GRB 200826A. Characterized by a sharp pulse, this burst shows a duration of 1 second and no evidence of an underlying longer-duration event. Its other observational properties such as its spectral behaviours, total energy and host galaxy offset are, however, inconsistent with those of other short GRBs believed to originate from binary neutron star mergers. Rather, these properties resemble those of long GRBs. This burst confirms the existence of short-duration GRBs with stellar core-collapse origin
4
, and presents some challenges to the existing models.
A gamma-ray burst (GRB) is reported to show a sharp 1-second spike, characteristic of short GRBs, but with other observational properties resembling those of long GRBs. This burst may belong to a class of core-collapse-origin GRBs with genuinely short durations.
Journal Article