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"Yang, Rae"
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Excellence of the closed intensive care unit system in critically ill surgical patients
Despite reports that the closed intensive care unit (ICU) system improves clinical outcomes, it has not been widely applied for various reasons. This study aimed to propose a better ICU system for critically ill patients by comparing the experience of open surgical ICU (OSICU) and closed surgical ICU (CSICU) systems in the same institution.
Our institution converted the ICU system from \"open\" to \"closed\" in February 2020, and enrolled patients were classified into the OSICU and CSICU groups at that time from March 2019 to February 2022. A total of 751 patients were categorized into the OSICU (n = 191) and CSICU (n = 560) groups. The mean age of the patients was 67 years in the OSICU group and 72 years in the CSICU group (p < 0.05). The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score was 21.8 ± 7.65 in the CSICU group, which was higher than the score 17.4 ± 7.97 in the OSICU group (p < 0.05). The sequential organ failure assessment scores were 2.0 ± 2.29 in the OSICU group and 4.1 ± 3.06 in the CSICU group (p < 0.05). After correction for bias by logistic regression analysis for all-cause mortality, the odds ratio in the CSICU group was 0.089 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.014-0.568, p < 0.05).
Despite considering the various factors of increased patient severity, a CSICU system is more beneficial for critically ill patients. Therefore, we propose that the CSICU system be applied worldwide.
Journal Article
Synthesis and characterization of novel heteroleptic Ru(II) bipyridine complexes for dye-sensitized solar cell applications
Four heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(L
1
)(L
2
)(NCS)
2
] (where L
1
= 4,4′-bis[2-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4-ylethenyl]-2,2′-bipyridine (bpbpy) or 4,4′-bis[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2,2′-bipyridine (dmpbpy); L
2
= 4,4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-bipyridine (dcbpy) or 4,4′-bis(
E
-carboxyvinyl)-2,2′-bipyridine (dcvbpy)), were synthesized from a one-pot reaction of [RuCl
2
(
p
-cymene)]
2
and L
1
followed by the addition of the anchoring ligand, L
2
. From these new heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complexes containing carboxylic acid-functionalized ligands, the tetrabutylammonium salt forms of the ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(L
1
)(L
2
)(NCS)
2
][TBA], were obtained in reasonable yields and applied as dyes in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) devices. Among the DSSCs fabricated with the [Ru(L
1
)(L
2
)(NCS)
2
][TBA] dyes, a DSSC fabricated with the [Ru(bpbpy)(dcbpy)(NCS)
2
][TBA] dye exhibited the best power conversion efficiency (
η
) of 4.27%, while the cells fabricated with other dyes had
η
between 1.94 and 2.68%.
Graphic abstract
Journal Article
Mismatch Negativity and Loudness Dependence of Auditory Evoked Potentials among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar II Disorder, and Bipolar I Disorder
Mismatch negativity (MMN) and loudness dependence of auditory evoked potentials (LDAEP), which are event-related potentials, have been investigated as biomarkers. MMN indicates the pre-attentive function, while LDAEP may be an index of central serotonergic activity. This study aimed to test whether MMN and LDAEP are useful biological markers for distinguishing patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), as well as the relationship between MMN and LDAEP. Fifty-five patients with major depressive episodes, aged 20 to 65 years, who had MDD (n = 17), BD type II (BIID) (n = 27), and BD type I (BID) (n = 11), were included based on medical records. Patients with MDD had a higher MMN amplitude than those with BID. In addition, the MMN amplitude in F4 positively correlated with the Korean version of mood disorder questionnaire scores (r = 0.37, p = 0.014), while the MMN amplitude in F3 correlated negatively with LDAEP (r = −0.30, p = 0.024). The odds ratios for the BID group and some variables were compared with those for the MDD group using multinomial logistic regression analysis. As a result, a significant reduction of MMN amplitude was found under BID diagnosis compared to MDD diagnosis (p = 0.015). This study supported the hypothesis that MMN amplitude differed according to MDD, BIID, and BID, and there was a relationship between MMN amplitude and LDAEP. These findings also suggested that BID patients had a reduced automatic and pre-attentive processing associated with serotonergic activity or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.
Journal Article
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the Alstroemeria hybrid variety 'Hanhera'
Alstroemeria, a member of the Alstroemeriaceae family, is a species from South America. The chloroplast genome of Alstroemeria spp. was completed by de novo assembly using a small amount of whole genome sequencing data. The chloroplast genome of Alstroemeria spp. was 155,672 bp in length consisting of 84,379 bp of large single copy, 17,815 bp of small single copy, and 26,739 bp of a pair of inverted repeat regions. A total of 157 genes were annotated including 103 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 46 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis with seven species belonging to the Alstroemeriaceae or Liliaceae family revealed that Alstroemeria spp. is grouped with the species in the Alstroemeriaceae family.
Journal Article
Chloroplast genome sequence of the hybrid variety 'Gagsi', one of the colored calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.)
The complete chloroplast genome of Zantedeschia spp. in the family Araceae was constituted by de novo assembly using a small amount of whole genome sequencing data. The chloroplast genome of Zantedeschia spp. was the circular DNA molecule with a length of 175,448 bp and consisted of 90,244 bp of large single copy, 8334 bp of small single copy, and 38,435 bp of a pair of inverted repeat regions. A total of 163 genes were annotated including 109 protein-coding genes, 46 tRNA genes and eight rRNA genes. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis with 16 Araceae species revealed that Zantedeschia spp. is expectedly grouped with other Zantedeschia species.
Journal Article
Graphene Supported Pd Electrocatalysts for Formic Acid Oxidation
Highly loaded 80 wt.% Pd/graphene nanosheet (GNS) electrocatalysts were synthesized by colloidal method in order to alleviate the degradation rate of Pd catalysts in formic acid oxidation. Pd nanoparticles deposited on the GNS were well distributed on the surface more homogenously and average particle size of these metals is 4.6 ± 0.6 nm as compared to Pd/VC (5.0 ± 1 nm), which is verified by X-ray diffraction peak and high-resolution transmission electron microscope images. Electrochemical measurements conducted by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry show that Pd/GNS catalysts exhibited significantly enhanced electrocatalytic activity and stability for formic acid oxidation compared to Pd/VC catalysts.
Journal Article
Effect of herbal extract granules combined with otilonium bromide on irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
IntroductionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), known as a functional and organic gastrointestinal disorder, is a collection of symptoms that occur together and generally include pain or discomfort in the abdomen and changes in bowel movement patterns. Due to the limitations of conventional treatments, alternative IBS treatments are used by many patients worldwide. Samryungbaekchulsan (SRS), a herbal formula, has long been used for alleviating diarrhoea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) in traditional Korean medicine. Otilonium bromide (OB) is an antimuscarinic compound used to relieve spasmodic pain in the gut, especially in IBS. Although herbal formulae and Western drugs are commonly coadministered for various diseases in Korea, few clinical studies have been conducted regarding the synergic effects of these treatments for any disease, including D-IBS.Methods and analysisThis trial is a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, double-dummy, four-arm, parallel study. After a 2-week preparation period, 80 patients with D-IBS will be randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups consisting of SRS (water extract granules, 5 g/pack, three times a day) with OB (tablet form, one capsule three times a day) or their placebos, with treatment lasting for 8 weeks. Post-treatment follow-up will be conducted 4 weeks after the end of treatment. The primary outcome is the finding obtained using the Subject’s Global Assessment of Relief method. The secondary outcomes are the severity of symptoms related to D-IBS, determined using a 10-point scale, and the change in symptoms.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has full ethical approval of the Ethics Committee of Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital (IS15MISV0033) and the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (30769). The results of the study will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and/or conference presentations.Trial protocol versionIS15MISV0033 version 4.0 (25 July 2016).Trial registration numberKCT0001621 (approval date: 10 August 2015).
Journal Article
Charged Nanomatrices as Efficient Platforms for Modulating Cell Adhesion and Shape
In this article, we describe the design and manipulation of charged nanomatrices and their application as efficient platforms for modulating cell behaviors. Using electrospraying technology and well designed biomaterials, poly(ɛ-caprolactone; PCL) and polyethylenimine, the negatively charged PCL nanomatrix (nPCL nanomatrix) and the positively charged PCL nanomatrix (pPCL nanomatrix) were fabricated. It was demonstrated that cell adhesion, affinity, and shape were sensitively modulated in negatively and positively charged nanomatrices. Our results showed that the pPCL nanomatrix promoted adhesion of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells as compared to the nPCL nanomatrix. When fluid shear stress was applied, cell affinity on the pPCL nanomatrix increased even more. NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells adopted a relatively spherical shape on the pPCL nanomatrix while adopting an aligned, narrow shape on the nPCL nanomatrix. It was also found that charged nanomatrices influenced the cross-sectional cell shape. The cross-sectional cell shape on the pPCL nanomatrix was extremely flattened, whereas the cross-sectional cell shape was relatively round on the nPCL nanomatrix and some of the adhered cells floated. We also showed that the surfaces of the nPCL and pPCL nanomatrices adsorbed the different serum proteins. These results collectively demonstrated a combination of environmental factors including nanoscale structure, electrostatic forces, and absorption of biomolecules on charged substrates affected cell response in terms of cellular adhesion and shape.
Journal Article
Spider eaters
Spider Eaters is at once a moving personal story, a fascinating family history, and a unique chronicle of political upheaval told by a Chinese woman who came of age during the turbulent years of the Cultural Revolution. With stunning honesty and a lively, sly humor, Rae Yang records her life from her early years as the daughter of Chinese diplomats in Switzerland, to her girlhood at an elite middle school in Beijing, to her adolescent experience as a Red Guard and later as a laborer on a pig farm in the remote northern wilderness. She tells of her eventual disillusionment with the Maoist revolution, how remorse and despair nearly drove her to suicide, and how she struggled to make sense of conflicting events that often blurred the line between victim and victimizer, aristocrat and peasant, communist and counter-revolutionary. Moving gracefully between past and present, dream and reality, the author artfully conveys the vast complexity of life in China as well as the richness, confusion, and magic of her own inner life and struggle. Much of the power of the narrative derives from Yang's multi-generational, cross-class perspective. She invokes the myths, legends, folklore, and local customs that surrounded her and brings to life the many people who were instrumental in her life: her nanny, a poor woman who raised her from a baby and whose character is conveyed through the bedtime tales she spins; her father; and her beloved grandmother, who died as a result of the political persecution she suffered. Spanning the years from 1950 to 1980, Rae Yang's story is evocative, complex, and told with striking candor. It is one of the most immediate and engaging narratives of life in post-1949 China.
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