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الفنون الشعبية الصينية
تعد الفنون التشكیلیة التي یقوم بھا الشعب الصیني لتلبیة متطلبات الحیاة الاجتماعیة الشخصیة، وتتجلي تلك الفنون الشعبیة الصینیة في المقصوصات ولوحات رأس السنة الجدیدة والأقنعة والطائرات الورقیة والتشكیل بالعجین وتماثیل الصلصال وغیرھا. ویعمل بتلك الفنون الشعبیة مجموعات كبیرة من العمال العادیین الذین یعیشون بالمناطق الریفیة الواسعة، من ھؤلاء العاملین تتركز في النساء العاملات بالمناطق الریفیة. وتجمع الفنون الشعبیة في طیاتھا بین الحیاة الإنتاجیة وضروریات الحیاة الأساسیة والطقوس البشریة. وینضوي المضمون الثقافي والشكل الفني لتلك الفنون الشعبیة على تراث الثقافة التاریخیة للأمة الصینیة والتي امتدت لسبعة آلاف أو ثمانیة آلاف سنة منذ المجتمع من تلك الثقافة البدائیة التي تقوم على عبادة الطبیعة والطوطم وعبادة الأسلاف وحتي تلك الثقافة الاقتصادیة التجاریة الحدیثة، حیث یمكن القول بأنھا حجر نشاط الثقافة التاریخیة القومیة.
BOOK
Lean-water hydrogel electrolyte for zinc ion batteries
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) and hydrogel electrolytes were developed as electrolytes for zinc ion batteries (ZIBs). Hydrogels can retain water molecules and provide high ionic conductivities; however, they contain many free water molecules, inevitably causing side reactions on the zinc anode. SPEs can enhance the stability of anodes, but they typically possess low ionic conductivities and result in high impedance. Here, we develop a lean water hydrogel electrolyte, aiming to balance ion transfer, anode stability, electrochemical stability window and resistance. This hydrogel is equipped with a molecular lubrication mechanism to ensure fast ion transportation. Additionally, this design leads to a widened electrochemical stability window and highly reversible zinc plating/ stripping. The full cell shows excellent cycling stability and capacity retentions at high and low current rates, respectively. Moreover, superior adhesion ability can be achieved, meeting the needs of flexible devices.
Excess water in hydrogel-based zinc ion batteries causes side reactions, but reduced water content results in low conductivities. Here, authors develop a lean-water hydrogel based on molecular lubrication mechanism for fast ion transportation, extended stability, and reversible Zinc plating/stripping.
Journal Article
Giant anomalous Hall effect in a ferromagnetic kagome-lattice semimetal
Magnetic Weyl semimetals with broken time-reversal symmetry are expected to generate strong intrinsic anomalous Hall effects, due to their large Berry curvature. Here, we report a magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate, Co3Sn2S2, with a quasi-two-dimensional crystal structure consisting of stacked kagome lattices. This lattice provides an excellent platform for hosting exotic topological quantum states. We observe a negative magnetoresistance that is consistent with the chiral anomaly expected from the presence of Weyl fermions close to the Fermi level. The anomalous Hall conductivity is robust against both increased temperature and charge conductivity, which corroborates the intrinsic Berry-curvature mechanism in momentum space. Owing to the low carrier density in this material and the considerably enhanced Berry curvature from its band structure, the anomalous Hall conductivity and the anomalous Hall angle simultaneously reach 1,130 Ω−1 cm−1 and 20%, respectively, an order of magnitude larger than typical magnetic systems. Combining the kagome-lattice structure and the long-range out-of-plane ferromagnetic order of Co3Sn2S2, we expect that this material is an excellent candidate for observation of the quantum anomalous Hall state in the two-dimensional limit.
Journal Article
Cost-effectiveness of sacituzumab tirumotecan in previously treated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer in China
The OptiTROP-Breast01 trial demonstrated the efficacy of sacituzumab tirumotecan for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The current analysis evaluated the cost-effectiveness of sacituzumab tirumotecan compared with chemotherapy for patients with metastatic TNBC from the Chinese health-care system perspective.
A partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed to simulate 3-week patients in 10-year time horizon to access the disease course and cost-effectiveness of sacituzumab tirumotecan compared with chemotherapy for metastatic TNBC patients, cost and utility values were gathered from the dataset and published studies, annual discount rate of 5% was used. Total cost, life-years (LYs), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were the model outputs. Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were conducted to estimate the robustness of the model outcomes.
In base-case analysis, compared with chemotherapy, sacituzumab tirumotecan could bring additional 0.41 LYs and 0.35 QALYs, with marginal costs of $55,927.31, resulting in the ICER of $162,799.04/QALY, which high than the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $40,326 per additional QALY gained. One-way sensitivity analyses revealed that the utility value was the main driver of the model outputs. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed the cost-effective probability of sacituzumab tirumotecan was 0% at the WTP threshold of $40,326/QALY. Subgroup analyses suggested that sacituzumab tirumotecan could not be considered cost-effective for all subgroup patients.
Sacituzumab tirumotecan was unlikely to be the cost-effective option for patients with metastatic TNBC compared with chemotherapy from the Chinese health-care system perspective, reduced the price of sacituzumab tirumotecan could increase its cost-effective.
Journal Article
Correlating charge and thermoelectric transport to paracrystallinity in conducting polymers
The conceptual understanding of charge transport in conducting polymers is still ambiguous due to a wide range of paracrystallinity (disorder). Here, we advance this understanding by presenting the relationship between transport, electronic density of states and scattering parameter in conducting polymers. We show that the tail of the density of states possesses a Gaussian form confirmed by two-dimensional tight-binding model supported by Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics simulations. Furthermore, by using the Boltzmann Transport Equation, we find that transport can be understood by the scattering parameter and the effective density of states. Our model aligns well with the experimental transport properties of a variety of conducting polymers; the scattering parameter affects electrical conductivity, carrier mobility, and Seebeck coefficient, while the effective density of states only affects the electrical conductivity. We hope our results advance the fundamental understanding of charge transport in conducting polymers to further enhance their performance in electronic applications.
Obtaining a complete picture for charge transport in conducting polymers is vital to designing new organic electronic materials. Here, the authors show that a gaussian density of states clarifies the transport physics in conducting polymers by revealing the role of carrier scattering on transport.
Journal Article
The Alterations in and the Role of the Th17/Treg Balance in Metabolic Diseases
Chronic inflammation plays an important role in the development of metabolic diseases. These include obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. The proinflammatory environment maintained by the innate immunity, including macrophages and related cytokines, can be influenced by adaptive immunity. The function of T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells in this process has attracted attention. The Th17/Treg balance is regulated by inflammatory cytokines and various metabolic factors, including those associated with cellular energy metabolism. The possible underlying mechanisms include metabolism-related signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation. Several studies conducted on human and animal models have shown marked differences in and the important roles of Th17/Treg in chronic inflammation associated with obesity and metabolic diseases. Moreover, Th17/Treg seems to be a bridge linking the gut microbiota to host metabolic disorders. In this review, we have provided an overview of the alterations in and the functions of the Th17/Treg balance in metabolic diseases and its role in regulating immune response-related glucose and lipid metabolism.
Journal Article
Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: a population-based study
Introduction
The weight-adjusted-waist Index (WWI), an innovative metric for assessing obesity, exhibits superior efficacy in appraising lean muscle and adipose tissue mass relative to both the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). The objective of this research paper is to investigate the correlation between WWI and the incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods
In this population-based study, we collected data from adult participants aged 20–80 years using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2011 and 2020 to analyze the association between WWI and the occurrence of RA and OA. NHANES, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, is designed to evaluate the health and nutritional status of the U.S. population. The current research incorporates an extensive, nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, utilizing weighted multivariate linear regression and smoothed curve fitting techniques to examine linear and non-linear relationships. Threshold effects were determined through a two-part linear regression model. Additionally, subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to explore the connection between WWI and the incidence of RA and OA.
Results
Our findings reveal a linear positive correlation between WWI and OA prevalence, indicating that an increase in WWI is linked to a heightened risk of OA. Conversely, a non-linear relationship was observed between WWI and RA prevalence, exhibiting a significant threshold effect with a saturation value of 11.21 cm/√kg. A positive association was detected to the left of the saturation point, while no significant association was present between the two variables to the right of the saturation point, suggesting a complex non-linear relationship between RA prevalence and WWI.
Conclusions
This investigation demonstrates a positive linear association between WWI and OA prevalence, as well as a complex non-linear relationship with RA prevalence in U.S. adults aged 20–80 years.
Journal Article
Lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot: A review
Lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robots (LLRERs) play a positive role in lower limb rehabilitation and assistance for patients with lower limb disorders, and they are helpful to improve patients’ physical status. More and more experiments pay more attention to the kinematic and dynamic data characteristics of different patient groups. However, it is not clear whether these devices have broad adaptability and their clinical significance, so it is necessary to summarize and analyze these research results. This paper summarizes the LLRERs prototype and product in recent years, also compares the advantages and disadvantages of the theory and technology used in these research, and compares the functional characteristics of the devices, finally summarizes the aspects of the LLRERs to be improved. These devices apply advanced theories, techniques or structures, as well as human kinematics and dynamics data. However, due to the complexity of human body characteristics and movement rules, the theory or technology applied in the study design of LLRERs remains to be further studied, which can be improved in many aspects, such as improve the human-computer cooperation of equipment or carry out clinical trials. This paper can provide reference for researchers and designers in the future study, as well as understanding and selecting LLRERs for all kinds of therapist and patients.
Journal Article
Polymer morphology and interfacial charge transfer dominate over energy-dependent scattering in organic-inorganic thermoelectrics
Hybrid (organic-inorganic) materials have emerged as a promising class of thermoelectric materials, achieving power factors (S
2
σ) exceeding those of either constituent. The mechanism of this enhancement is still under debate, and pinpointing the underlying physics has proven difficult. In this work, we combine transport measurements with theoretical simulations and first principles calculations on a prototypical PEDOT:PSS-Te(Cu
x
) nanowire hybrid material system to understand the effect of templating and charge redistribution on the thermoelectric performance. Further, we apply the recently developed Kang-Snyder charge transport model to show that scattering of holes in the hybrid system, defined by the energy-dependent scattering parameter, remains the same as in the host polymer matrix; performance is instead dictated by polymer morphology manifested in an energy-independent transport coefficient. We build upon this language to explain thermoelectric behavior in a variety of PEDOT and P3HT based hybrids acting as a guide for future work in multiphase materials.
To realize the potential of soft hybrid (inorganic-organic) materials for thermoelectrics, the underlying transport-related physics must be understood. Here, the authors extend the Kang-Synder framework with experimental analysis to gain insight on the thermoelectric transport in hybrid materials.
Journal Article
Prognostic risk model under the immune-associated long chain non-coding ribonucleic acid and its application in survival prognosis assessment of patients with breast cancer
This study aimed to develop a prognostic risk model based on immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). By analyzing the expression profiles of specific long non-coding RNAs, the objective was to construct a predictive model to accurately assess the survival prognosis of breast cancer (BC) patients. This effort seeks to provide personalized treatment strategies for patients and improve clinical outcomes. Based on the median risk value, 300 samples of triple-negative BC (TNBC) patients were rolled into a high-risk group (HR group, n = 140) and a low-risk group (LR group, n = 160). Multivariate Cox (MVC) analysis was performed by combining the patient risk score and clinical information to evaluate the prognostic value of the prognostic risk (PR) model. A total of 371 immune-related lncRNAs associated with the prognosis of TNBC were obtained from 300 TNBC samples. Nine associated with prognosis were obtained by univariate Cox (UVC) analysis, and 3 (AC090181.2, LINC01235, and LINC01943) were selected by MVC analysis for the construction of TNBC PR model. Survival analysis showed a great difference in TNBC patients in different groups (
P
< 0.001). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve showed the model possessed a good area under ROC curve (AUC), which was 0.928. The patient RS jointing with clinical information as well as the MVC analysis revealed that RS was an independent risk factor (IRF) for prognosis of TNBC (
P
< 0.05, HR = 1.033286). Therefore, the lncRNAs associated with TNBC immunity can be screened by bioinformatics analysis, and the established PR model of TNBC could better predict the prognosis of patients with TNBC, exhibiting a high application value in clinic.
Journal Article