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"Yang, Sun"
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From domestic women to sensitive young men : translating the individual in early colonial Korea
Examines how the European notion of the individual put down its roots in Korean literature, especially through literary figures, in the early twentieth century. Using Korean literary examples, it calls into question the belief that there is only one kind of individuality transferable across cultural, temporal, and gender boundaries.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Transition metal-doped Ni-rich layered cathode materials for durable Li-ion batteries
Doping is a well-known strategy to enhance the electrochemical energy storage performance of layered cathode materials. Many studies on various dopants have been reported; however, a general relationship between the dopants and their effect on the stability of the positive electrode upon prolonged cell cycling has yet to be established. Here, we explore the impact of the oxidation states of various dopants (i.e., Mg
2+
, Al
3+
, Ti
4+
, Ta
5+
, and Mo
6+
) on the electrochemical, morphological, and structural properties of a Ni-rich cathode material (i.e., Li[Ni
0.91
Co
0.09
]O
2
). Galvanostatic cycling measurements in pouch-type Li-ion full cells show that cathodes featuring dopants with high oxidation states significantly outperform their undoped counterparts and the dopants with low oxidation states. In particular, Li-ion pouch cells with Ta
5+
- and Mo
6+
-doped Li[Ni
0.91
Co
0.09
]O
2
cathodes retain about 81.5% of their initial specific capacity after 3000 cycles at 200 mA g
−1
. Furthermore, physicochemical measurements and analyses suggest substantial differences in the grain geometries and crystal lattice structures of the various cathode materials, which contribute to their widely different battery performances and correlate with the oxidation states of their dopants.
Long-term efficient cycling stability is of paramount importance for the development of high-energy Li-ion batteries. Here, the authors investigate the effect of transition metal dopants on the electrochemical, morphological, and structural properties of Ni-rich cathode active materials.
Journal Article
التخفيف من حدة الفقر في الصين المعاصرة
استنادا إلى نظرة عامة على أوضاع الفقر، يقدم هذا الكتاب مسار التخفيف من حدة الفقر والتنمية في الصين، ويشرح نموذج التنمية والتخفي من حدة الفقر بخصائص صينية والتمسك بمباديء (سيطرة الحكومة ومشاركة المجتمع والاعتماد على الذات والتنمية الموجهة والتنمية الشاملة) كما يقدم الكتاب تلخيصا شاملا لإنجازات الصين العظيمة وخبراتها الهامة وإسهاماتها الرئيسية في قضية التخفيف من حدة الفقر في العالم، ويعرض بإيجاز نظرات وممارسات التخفيف المستهدف من الفقر في العصر الجديد من أجل توفير مراجع لكسب المعركة ضد الفقر في الصين وقضية التخفيف من حدة الفقر في العالم.
Book
Anode interfacial layer formation via reductive ethyl detaching of organic iodide in lithium–oxygen batteries
As soluble catalysts, redox mediators can reduce the high charging overpotential of lithium-oxygen batteries by providing sufficient liquid-solid interface for lithium peroxide decomposition. However, the redox mediators usually introduce undesirable reactions. In particular, the so-called “shuttle effect” leads to the loss of both the redox mediators and electrical energy efficiency. In this study, an organic compound, triethylsulfonium iodide, is found to act bifunctionally as both a redox mediator and a solid electrolyte interphase-forming agent for lithium-oxygen batteries. During charging, the organic iodide exhibits comparable lithium peroxide-oxidizing capability with inorganic iodides. Meanwhile, it in situ generates an interfacial layer on lithium anode via reductive ethyl detaching and the subsequent oxidation. This layer prevents the lithium anode from reacting with the redox mediators and allows efficient lithium-ion transfer leading to dendrite-free lithium anode. Significantly improved cycling performance has been achieved by the bifunctional organic iodide redox mediator.
To fulfill the great promise of Li-O
2
batteries, the high charge overpotential is a major challenge that has to be addressed. Here the authors introduce triethylsulfonium iodide as a redox mediator as well as an enabler of a protective layer on Li anode, leading to notable electrochemical performance.
Journal Article
High-energy and long-life O3-type layered cathode material for sodium-ion batteries
O3-type layered oxide for sodium-ion batteries have attracted significant attention owing to their low cost and high energy density. However, their applications are restricted by rapid capacity decay during long-term cycling, with uneven Na
+
distribution and microcrack formation being key contributing factors. In this study, a customized reconstruction layer integrating a fast ion conductor NaCaPO
4
coating with gradient Ca
2+
doping is developed to enhance the surface chemical and mechanical stability of the layered cathodes. The gradient Ca
2+
doped interphase facilitates uniform phase transformation within the particles, minimizes lattice mismatch, ensures even Na
+
distribution, and mitigates microcrack formation through a pinning effect. Consequently, the optimized sample exhibits improved electrochemical performance and robust reliability under high-voltage conditions and a broad temperature range (−10 to 50 °C). The practical feasibility of a pouch-type full cell paired with a hard carbon anode is demonstrated by a high capacity retention of 82.9% after 300 cycles at 0.5 C. This scalable interface modification strategy provides valuable insights into the development of advanced oxide cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
O3-type layered oxides are promising for sodium-ion batteries but suffer from rapid capacity decay. Here, the authors demonstrate that a NaCaPO
4
-derived gradient Ca
2+
-doped reconstruction layer enhances stability by mitigating phase transition-induced lattice stress and homogenizing Na-ion distribution.
Journal Article
The risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal behavior in patients with obesity on glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy
This large community-based cohort study investigates the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), specifically Liraglutide and Semaglutide, on the risk of developing psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors in patients with obesity. Utilizing post-marketing data, this research compares patients prescribed GLP-1 RAs (cases) with those not taking these medications (controls). The analysis spanned data from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2023. To minimize selection bias, we employed 1:1 propensity score matching to account for demographic factors such as age, sex, race, and comorbidities. After matching, the study included 162,253 case and control patients. This study showed a significant association between GLP-1 RA treatment and an 98% increased risk of any psychiatric disorders. Notably, patients on GLP-1 RAs exhibited a 195% higher risk of major depression, a 108% increased risk for anxiety, and a 106% elevated risk for suicidal behavior. These findings underscore the critical need for physicians to thoroughly assess patient history before prescribing GLP-1 RAs and highlight the urgent requirement for further prospective clinical trials to fully understand the implications of GLP-1 RA use on mental health in the obese patient population.
Journal Article
Electronic metal–support interaction modulates single-atom platinum catalysis for hydrogen evolution reaction
Tuning metal–support interaction has been considered as an effective approach to modulate the electronic structure and catalytic activity of supported metal catalysts. At the atomic level, the understanding of the structure–activity relationship still remains obscure in heterogeneous catalysis, such as the conversion of water (alkaline) or hydronium ions (acid) to hydrogen (hydrogen evolution reaction, HER). Here, we reveal that the fine control over the oxidation states of single-atom Pt catalysts through electronic metal–support interaction significantly modulates the catalytic activities in either acidic or alkaline HER. Combined with detailed spectroscopic and electrochemical characterizations, the structure–activity relationship is established by correlating the acidic/alkaline HER activity with the average oxidation state of single-atom Pt and the Pt–H/Pt–OH interaction. This study sheds light on the atomic-level mechanistic understanding of acidic and alkaline HER, and further provides guidelines for the rational design of high-performance single-atom catalysts.
Insights into the rational design of single-atom metal catalysts remains obscure in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, the authors establish the atomic-level structure–activity relationship for a wide-pH-range hydrogen evolution reaction through the electronic metal–support interaction modulation.
Journal Article
Advances in nanomaterial-based targeted drug delivery systems
Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems (NBDDS) are widely used to improve the safety and therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated drugs due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties. By combining therapeutic drugs with nanoparticles using rational targeting pathways, nano-targeted delivery systems were created to overcome the main drawbacks of conventional drug treatment, including insufficient stability and solubility, lack of transmembrane transport, short circulation time, and undesirable toxic effects. Herein, we reviewed the recent developments in different targeting design strategies and therapeutic approaches employing various nanomaterial-based systems. We also discussed the challenges and perspectives of smart systems in precisely targeting different intravascular and extravascular diseases.
Journal Article
Physiological clearance of amyloid-beta by the kidney and its therapeutic potential for Alzheimer’s disease
Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain is a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and its clearance from the brain is impaired in sporadic AD. Previous studies suggest that approximately half of the Aβ produced in the brain is cleared by transport into the periphery. However, the mechanism and pathophysiological significance of peripheral Aβ clearance remain largely unknown. The kidney is thought to be responsible for Aβ clearance, but direct evidence is lacking. In this study, we investigated the impact of unilateral nephrectomy on the dynamic changes in Aβ in the blood and brain in both humans and animals and on behavioural deficits and AD pathologies in animals. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects of the diuretic furosemide on Aβ clearance via the kidney were assessed. We detected Aβ in the kidneys and urine of both humans and animals and found that the Aβ level in the blood of the renal artery was higher than that in the blood of the renal vein. Unilateral nephrectomy increased brain Aβ deposition; aggravated AD pathologies, including Tau hyperphosphorylation, glial activation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss; and aggravated cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. In addition, chronic furosemide treatment reduced blood and brain Aβ levels and attenuated AD pathologies and cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Our findings demonstrate that the kidney physiologically clears Aβ from the blood, suggesting that facilitation of Aβ clearance via the kidney represents a novel potential therapeutic approach for AD.
Journal Article