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"Yang, Y"
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The ascent to godhood
\"The Protector is dead. For fifty years, the Protector ruled, reshaping her country in her image and driving her enemies to the corners of the map. For half a century the world turned around her as she built her armies, trained her Tensors, and grasped at the reins of fate itself. Now she is dead. Her followers will quiver, her enemies rejoice. But in one tavern, deep in rebel territory, her greatest enemy drowns her sorrows. Lady Han raised a movement that sought the Protector's head, yet now she can only mourn her loss. She remembers how it all began, when the Protector was young, not yet crowned, and a desperate dancing girl dared to fall in love with her\"--Publisher description.
Book
A peculiarly short-duration gamma-ray burst from massive star core collapse
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been phenomenologically classified into long and short populations based on the observed bimodal distribution of duration
1
. Multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observations in recent years have revealed that in general long GRBs originate from massive star core collapse events
2
, whereas short GRBs originate from binary neutron star mergers
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. It has been known that the duration criterion is sometimes unreliable, and multi-wavelength criteria are needed to identify the physical origin of a particular GRB
4
. Some apparently long GRBs have been suggested to have a neutron star merger origin
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, whereas some apparently short GRBs have been attributed to genuinely long GRBs
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whose short, bright emission is slightly above the detector’s sensitivity threshold. Here, we report the comprehensive analysis of the multi-wavelength data of the short, bright GRB 200826A. Characterized by a sharp pulse, this burst shows a duration of 1 second and no evidence of an underlying longer-duration event. Its other observational properties such as its spectral behaviours, total energy and host galaxy offset are, however, inconsistent with those of other short GRBs believed to originate from binary neutron star mergers. Rather, these properties resemble those of long GRBs. This burst confirms the existence of short-duration GRBs with stellar core-collapse origin
4
, and presents some challenges to the existing models.
A gamma-ray burst (GRB) is reported to show a sharp 1-second spike, characteristic of short GRBs, but with other observational properties resembling those of long GRBs. This burst may belong to a class of core-collapse-origin GRBs with genuinely short durations.
Journal Article
No pulsed radio emission during a bursting phase of a Galactic magnetar
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients of unknown physical origin observed at extragalactic distances
1
–
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. It has long been speculated that magnetars are the engine powering repeating bursts from FRB sources
4
–
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, but no convincing evidence has been collected so far
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. Recently, the Galactic magnetar SRG 1935+2154 entered an active phase by emitting intense soft γ-ray bursts
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. One FRB-like event with two peaks (FRB 200428) and a luminosity slightly lower than the faintest extragalactic FRBs was detected from the source, in association with a soft γ-ray/hard-X-ray flare
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–
21
. Here we report an eight-hour targeted radio observational campaign comprising four sessions and assisted by multi-wavelength (optical and hard-X-ray) data. During the third session, 29 soft-γ-ray repeater (SGR) bursts were detected in γ-ray energies. Throughout the observing period, we detected no single dispersed pulsed emission coincident with the arrivals of SGR bursts, but unfortunately we were not observing when the FRB was detected. The non-detection places a fluence upper limit that is eight orders of magnitude lower than the fluence of FRB 200428. Our results suggest that FRB–SGR burst associations are rare. FRBs may be highly relativistic and geometrically beamed, or FRB-like events associated with SGR bursts may have narrow spectra and characteristic frequencies outside the observed band. It is also possible that the physical conditions required to achieve coherent radiation in SGR bursts are difficult to satisfy, and that only under extreme conditions could an FRB be associated with an SGR burst.
An 8-hour radio observational campaign of the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154, assisted by multi-wavelength data, indicates that associations between fast radio bursts and soft γ-ray bursts are rare.
Journal Article
شينجيانغ جسر آسيا وأوربا
يجمع الكتاب بين النصوص والصور، ويستعرض الكتاب صورة انفتاح شينجيانغ على العالم استعراضا حيا استنادا على مجموعة كبيرة من الأمثلة الحية والبيانات التفصيلية، ويتناول الكتاب بصورة شاملة كيفية استغلال شينجيانغ لمزاياها الإقليمية، كما يعرض الكتاب دور شينجيانغ الكبير باعتبارها جسر التواصل بين آسيا وأوروبا من خلال معارضها وموانيها وجذب رؤوس الأموال والتعاون وغيرها من الأشكال، وبالتالي حققت طفرة اقتصادية كبيرة.
Book
Lattice distortion enabling enhanced strength and plasticity in high entropy intermetallic alloy
Intermetallic alloys have traditionally been characterized by their inherent brittleness due to their lack of sufficient slip systems and absence of strain hardening. However, here we developed a single-phase B2 high-entropy intermetallic alloy that is both strong and plastic. Unlike conventional intermetallics, this high-entropy alloy features a highly distorted crystalline lattice with complex chemical order, leading to multiple slip systems and high flow stress. In addition, the alloy exhibits a dynamic hardening mechanism triggered by dislocation gliding that preserves its strength across a wide range of temperatures. As a result, this high-entropy intermetallic circumvents precipitous thermal softening, with extensive plastic flows even at high homologous temperatures, outperforming a variety of both body-centered cubic and B2 alloys. These findings reveal a promising direction for the development of intermetallic alloys with broad engineering applications.
Intermetallics are traditionally characterised by their inherent brittleness due to a lack of sufficient slip systems and the absence of strain hardening. Here authors show that a single-phase distorted high entropy B2 intermetallic alloy displays notable strength and plasticity at room temperature, along with stable plastic flow at high homologous temperatures.
Journal Article
Mapping integration of midwives across the United States: Impact on access, equity, and outcomes
Our multidisciplinary team examined published regulatory data to inform a 50-state database describing the environment for midwifery practice and interprofessional collaboration. Items (110) detailed differences across jurisdictions in scope of practice, autonomy, governance, and prescriptive authority; as well as restrictions that can affect patient safety, quality, and access to maternity providers across birth settings. A nationwide survey of state regulatory experts (n = 92) verified the 'on the ground' relevance, importance, and realities of local interpretation of these state laws. Using a modified Delphi process, we selected 50/110 key items to include in a weighted, composite Midwifery Integration Scoring (MISS) system. Higher scores indicate greater integration of midwives across all settings. We ranked states by MISS scores; and, using reliable indicators in the CDC-Vital Statistics Database, we calculated correlation coefficients between MISS scores and maternal-newborn outcomes by state, as well as state density of midwives and place of birth. We conducted hierarchical linear regression analysis to control for confounding effects of race.
MISS scores ranged from lowest at 17 (North Carolina) to highest at 61 (Washington), out of 100 points. Higher MISS scores were associated with significantly higher rates of spontaneous vaginal delivery, vaginal birth after cesarean, and breastfeeding, and significantly lower rates of cesarean, preterm birth, low birth weight infants, and neonatal death. MISS scores also correlated with density of midwives and access to care across birth settings. Significant differences in newborn outcomes accounted for by MISS scores persisted after controlling for proportion of African American births in each state.
The MISS scoring system assesses the level of integration of midwives and evaluates regional access to high quality maternity care. In the United States, higher MISS Scores were associated with significantly higher rates of physiologic birth, less obstetric interventions, and fewer adverse neonatal outcomes.
Journal Article
STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector
The super τ-charm facility (STCF) is an electron−positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics community. It is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5 × 10 35 cm −2·s −1 or higher. The STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the present τ-charm factory - the BEPCII, providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter (charge-parity violation), in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions, as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard Model. The STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R&D program. This document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF, describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.
Journal Article
GNSS–VTEC prediction based on CNN–GRU neural network model during high solar activities
Total electron content (TEC), as a crucial ionospheric parameter, has impacts on electromagnetic wave propagation as well as satellite navigation and positioning, and is of great significance in space weather forecasting. Previous prediction efforts using neural network techniques have basically focused on years with relatively low solar activity. In this study, a model combining Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) network has been constructed to forecast the TEC during high solar activities from a single Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver at Sanya in Hainan, China. The performance of the CNN–GRU model is compared with the most used empirical models, IRI and NeQuick, and two artificial intelligence models, GRU and SVM. Benefiting from CNN’s superior data feature capture capability of convolutional operation, the CNN–GRU model surpasses the original GRU model not only in 1-h-ahead predictions with an RMSE of 4.28 TECU but also in 24-h forecasts, boasting a notably lower average RMSE of 6.94 TECU, undoubtedly also outperforming the remaining models, SVM, NeQuick2, and IRI2020. Furthermore, the CNN–GRU model exhibits stable and excellent performance across different months and hour of the day, even during geomagnetic storms.
Journal Article