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"Yang, Ye"
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صناعة الكتابة الصينية
اهتمت الحضارة الصينية بالكتابة ودشنت حركة هامة لتراكم المعرفة ونقل الثقافة، وصناعة الكتابة والكتب في الصين لعبت دورا مهما في عملية نقل ونشر الحضارة الصينية، ومنذ آلاف السنين حملت الكتب الحضارة الصينية ومعارفها ونشرتها في العالم من أجل تعزيز تشكيل دائرة واضحة وثابته تتزايد باستمرار للحضارة الكونفوشيوسية الآسيوية، وقدمت بذلك الصين إسهامات عظيمة في تاريخ الحضارة البشرية، وهذا الكتب يتناول بشروح بسيطة تاريخ الكتابة عند الصينيون ويوضح بدايات صناعة الكتب في العالم وما قدمته الصين للعالم في هذا المجال المهم الذي سبقت فيه كل الحضارات.
Book
Construction of polymer nanochannels and applications in biosensors and drug delivery
In the past decade, polymer based nanochannel structures have been deeply and extensively explored due to their fast and strong sensitivity in testing ability. Recently, polymers have attracted much attention as the substrate materials of nano channels due to their excellent biocompatibility, low material cost and ease of manufacture. The development of nanochannels capable of detecting ions, small biomolecules and biomacromolecules meet the conditions of combination of multiple surface modification strategies and reliable nano manufacturing technologies. In this paper, the research progress of polymer based nanochannels is reviewed. The topic covered in this work includes the structure, manufacturing technology and functional strategy of nano channels. This review emphasizes various of promising research directions, and discusses the mechanism and principle of different applications such as biosensors and drug delivery. The shortcomings and limitations of some polymer based nano channels in the development and application are also discussed. Finally, views on the future prospects of this research field are presented.
Journal Article
غبار تحت الشمس : قصص قصيرة
يعرض الكتاب بين دفتيه قصصا قصيرة لعادات الأقليات الصينية، وسلوكيات العائلات في المناسبات الدينية والاحتفالات الأخرى المختلفة، وتتباين فيها الشخصيات والزمان والمكان، لتضع القارئ أمام رسم أدبي يشرح حياة الأقليات الصينية المليئة بالتفاصيل والمفارقات. الكتاب من تأليف: يه شنغ فو، وترجمة عن الصينية.
Book
Ultralight covalent organic framework/graphene aerogels with hierarchical porosity
The fabrication of macroscopic objects from covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is challenging but of great significance to fully exploit their chemical functionality and porosity. Herein, COF/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogels synthesized by a hydrothermal approach are presented. The COFs grow in situ along the surface of the 2D graphene sheets, which are stacked in a 3D fashion, forming an ultralight aerogel with a hierarchical porous structure after freeze-drying, which can be compressed and expanded several times without breaking. The COF/rGO aerogels show excellent absorption capacity (uptake of >200 g organic solvent/g aerogel), which can be used for removal of various organic liquids from water. Moreover, as active material of supercapacitor devices, the aerogel delivers a high capacitance of 269 F g
−1
at 0.5 A g
−1
and cycling stability over 5000 cycles.
Macroscopic architectures of covalent organic frameworks (COF) allow to fully exploit their chemical functionality and porosity but achieving three-dimensional hierarchical porous COF architectures remains challenging. Here, the authors present a COF/reduced graphene oxide aerogel which is synthesized by growing COF during a hydrothermal process along the surface of graphene sheets.
Journal Article
Eight outcasts : social and political marginalization in China under Mao
\"The 1949 Communist Revolution marked a period of earthshaking change in China. Political, economic, ideological, and cultural movements set into motion came to galvanize the country, culminating in dramatic social transformations at all levels but also in the persecution of hundreds of thousands of the country's citizens. Based on normally inaccessible records of confessions, interrogations, trial transcripts, and depositions, Eight Outcasts tells the stories of eight victims of the Maoist dictatorship. It introduces readers to individuals accused of infractions such as corruption, political wrong thoughts, homosexuality, illicit sexual activity, foreign ties, or \"historical problems\" (connections to the former Kuomintang regime) in the period between the revolution and Mao's death in 1976. Each chapter brings stories of China's voiceless citizens to light, broadening our knowledge of this important transitional period\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Oxygen-evolving catalytic atoms on metal carbides
Single-atom catalysts have shown promising performance in various catalytic reactions. Catalytic metal sites supported on oxides or carbonaceous materials are usually strongly coordinated by oxygen or heteroatoms, which naturally affects their electronic environment and consequently their catalytic activity. Here, we reveal the stabilization of single-atom catalysts on tungsten carbides without the aid of heteroatom coordination for efficient catalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Benefiting from the unique structure of tungsten carbides, the atomic FeNi catalytic sites are weakly bonded with the surface W and C atoms. The reported catalyst shows a low overpotential of 237 mV at 10 mA cm
−
2
, which can even be lowered to 211 mV when the FeNi content is increased, a high turnover frequency value of 4.96 s
−1
(
η
= 300 mV) and good stability (1,000 h). Density functional theory calculations show that either metallic Fe/Ni atoms or (hydro)oxide FeNi species are responsible for the high OER activity. We suggest that the application of inexpensive and durable WC
x
supports opens up a promising pathway to develop further single-atom catalysts for electrochemical catalytic reactions
Metal oxides or carbonaceous supported atomic metal sites coordinated by oxygen or heteroatoms exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic activity. Stabilization of single-atom catalysts on tungsten carbides without heteroatom coordination for efficient oxygen evolution reaction is demonstrated.
Journal Article
Recent Advances in the Development of Pyrazole Derivatives as Anticancer Agents
Pyrazole derivatives, as a class of heterocyclic compounds, possess unique chemical structures that confer them with a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. They have been extensively explored for designing potent and selective anticancer agents. In recent years, numerous pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer potential against various cancer cell lines. Structure–activity relationship studies have shown that appropriate substitution on different positions of the pyrazole ring can significantly enhance anticancer efficacy and tumor selectivity. It is noteworthy that many pyrazole derivatives have demonstrated multiple mechanisms of anticancer action by interacting with various targets including tubulin, EGFR, CDK, BTK, and DNA. Therefore, this review summarizes the current understanding on the structural features of pyrazole derivatives and their structure-activity relationships with different targets, aiming to facilitate the development of potential pyrazole-based anticancer drugs. We focus on the latest research advances in anticancer activities of pyrazole compounds reported from 2018 to present.
Journal Article
Efficient adsorption of Levofloxacin from aqueous solution using calcium alginate/metal organic frameworks composite beads
As a typical metal–organic framework material, UiO-66 has good potential for removing pharmaceuticals and personal care products from water. However, the application of this powdery adsorbent has been limited by the difficult recovery from the liquid. To overcome this weakness, we prepared composite beads constituted by sodium alginate and UiO-66 by solidification in CaCl
2
solution. The material was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, BET, and TGA methods. These composite beads were applied to remove a common antibiotic Levofloxacin (LOFX) from water, and the experimental parameters (i.e., initial LOFX concentration, adsorption time, pH, and adsorbent dose) were optimized. The adsorption data could be satisfactorily fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model (
R
2
= 0.9871) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (
R
2
= 0.9990). The regeneration experiment of the composite beads revealed that the adsorption efficiency of levofloxacin was higher than 70% even after 5 cycles.
Scheme 1 Synthesis route of UiO-66/CA
Journal Article
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities in vitro of Shuanghuanglian preparations and bioactive ingredients
Human infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and there is no cure currently. The 3CL protease (3CLpro) is a highly conserved protease which is indispensable for CoVs replication, and is a promising target for development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. In this study we investigated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential of Shuanghuanglian preparation, a Chinese traditional patent medicine with a long history for treating respiratory tract infection in China. We showed that either the oral liquid of Shuanghuanglian, the lyophilized powder of Shuanghuanglian for injection or their bioactive components dose-dependently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro as well as the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells. Baicalin and baicalein, two ingredients of Shuanghuanglian, were characterized as the first noncovalent, nonpeptidomimetic inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and exhibited potent antiviral activities in a cell-based system. Remarkably, the binding mode of baicalein with SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro determined by X-ray protein crystallography was distinctly different from those of known 3CLpro inhibitors. Baicalein was productively ensconced in the core of the substrate-binding pocket by interacting with two catalytic residues, the crucial S1/S2 subsites and the oxyanion loop, acting as a “shield” in front of the catalytic dyad to effectively prevent substrate access to the catalytic dyad within the active site. Overall, this study provides an example for exploring the in vitro potency of Chinese traditional patent medicines and effectively identifying bioactive ingredients toward a specific target, and gains evidence supporting the in vivo studies of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid as well as two natural products for COVID-19 treatment.
Journal Article