Explore the vast range of titles available.

Ensuring railway safety requires reliable monitoring of trains in critical safety areas, such as station throat zones and railway crossings. Compared with cameras, roadside LiDAR can more reliably capture the geometry of trains under low-light, high-speed, and adverse weather conditions. However, industrial LiDAR solutions still primarily use the background comparison technique, which compares each sample against a pre-recorded clean map and then applies a size-based filter. Such approaches are highly sensitive to point cloud background changes arising from varying LiDAR installation distances, train speeds, and surface materials, often resulting in fragmented clustering and missed detections. In this paper, train detection is reformulated as a point-level semantic segmentation problem. A lightweight 3D segmentation network that directly predicts train points from raw data is designed, and clustering-based post-processing is applied to generate train-level events in real time. Experiments on real railway data under various operating conditions show that the proposed method achieves higher detection accuracy and greater robustness than traditional compare-based methods and representative deep learning benchmark methods, and is therefore suitable for practical railway safety monitoring.

Objective To investigate correlation between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in the serum of patients with cervical cancer and tumor progression, and to quantify predictive value of combined detection of two for prognosis. Methods A total of 80 cervical cancer patients treated in our hospital from June 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively selected as the cervical cancer group. Following the principle of 1:1:1, 80 healthy subjects were selected as controls, and 80 benign patients detected by pathological examination were selected as the benign group. The changes in serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 among the three groups were compared. Patients were followed up and further divided into a progressive group of 38 cases and a non-progressive group of 42 cases based on whether they experienced disease progression. Clinical data of included subjects were analyzed, such as patient age, pathological type, differentiation degree, TNM staging, etc. The influencing factors of disease progression were assessed using a COX regression model. ROC curves were applied to analyze predictive value of serum IL-6 and IL-10 detection alone or in combination for disease progression. These subjects were followed up for 24 months, and relationship between IL-6, IL-10, and survival was assessed using Kaplan Meier survival curve. Result Patients in the benign group had much higher IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels than those in the control group ( P  < 0.001). Cervical cancer patients had much higher IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels than those in benign ( P  < 0.001). Compared with non-progression, proportion of patients with low differentiation, stage III + IV, and serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in progression was markedly higher ( P  = 0.015, 0.011, 0.000, 0.000). COX multivariate analysis confirmed that IL-6 (HR = 3.258, 95% CI: 2.067–5.135, P  < 0.001) and IL-10 (HR = 4.125, 95% CI: 1.714–9.924, P  < 0.001) were both independent influencing factors for the disease progression of patients with cervical cancer. ROC curve analysis confirmed that AUC for the combined detection of IL-6 and IL-10 was 0.883, with an 85.71% sensitivity and an 86.84% specificity. Combined detection had a higher AUC than the single indicator detection of 0.823 and 0.807 (Z = − 1.857, − 1.969, P  < 0.05), indicating that the combined detection had a certain predictive value for the progression of cervical cancer. After 24 months of follow-up, the survival rate of cervical cancer patients was 58.75% (47/80). The cut-off values of serum IL-6 and IL-10 in cervical cancer patients were analyzed using ROC curve analysis. Patients were grouped into IL-6 low expression group (≤ 71.47 ng/mL), IL-6 high expression group (> 71.47 ng/mL), IL-10 low expression group (≤ 14.30 pg/mL), and IL-10 high expression group (> 14.30 pg/mL). Kaplan Meier survival curve analysis proved that median survival time of IL-6 and IL-10 low expression was higher than that of IL-6 and IL-10 high expression (IL-6 28.5 vs .12.5, IL-10 25.5 vs. 15.0) ( P  = 0.018). Conclusion Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in patients with cervical cancer were raised. COX multivariate analysis stated that there was an independent association between the two and the disease progression, and they might be potential biomarkers for evaluating the disease progression. The levels of the two were positively correlated. The AUC of the combined detection was 0.883, suggesting that it owned certain predictive value for disease progression, and its clinical application needed further verification.

Cervical cancer is an important topic in the study of global health issues, ranking fourth among women’s cancer cases in the world. It is one of the nine major cancers that China is focusing on preventing and treating, and it is the only cancer that can be prevented through vaccination. Systematic and effective screening for human papilloma (HPV) infection, which is closely linked to the development of cervical cancer, can reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality. In this paper, an electrochemical sensor was designed to detect HPV 16 using dual-signal amplification. An APTES-modified glassy carbon electrode was used for improved stability. Gold nanoparticles and a chain amplification reaction were combined for signal amplification. The limit of detection (LOD) of this electrochemical sensor was 1.731 × 10−16 mol/L, and the linear response of the target detector range was from 1.0 × 10−13 mol/L to 1.0 × 10−5 mol/L (R2 = 0.99232). The test of serum sample recovery showed that it has good anti-interference, and the performance of all aspects was improved to different degrees compared with the previous research from the team. The designed sensor is centered around the principles of low cost, high sensitivity and stability, which provides new ideas for the future development of cervical cancer prevention and electrochemical biosensors.

The U-shaped fiber configuration represents the elementary form of micro-displacement sensing, characterized by its exceptional freedom and flexibility. The study proposes the U-shaped bent single-mode–multimode–single-mode (SMS) fiber structure that integrates the multimode interference (MMI) effect for enhanced mode dispersion and the Mach–Zönder interference (MZI) effect for spectral sensitivity improvement. The transmission spectral properties of the U-shaped SMS fiber structure with a bent radius over 1 cm are experimentally measured as the change in displacement varied within the range of 5 mm in this work. As the radius decreases, the spectrum shows redshift, which is related to the central wavelength of the peak or dips—a smaller wavelength results in a stronger redshift for the same displacement change. The average sensitivity of micro-displacement measurement within a range of 5 mm is 5.41 pm/μm, and the linearity is 99.62%. The maximum sensitivity of U-shaped SMS fiber structure is 34.46 pm/μm, with the minimum displacement change of approximately 5.804 nm. The transmission spectral properties of the U-shaped SMS fiber structure within the ranges of 50 μm, 500 μm, and 5 mm are experimentally measured in this work. This experiment observed a relatively uniform spectral drift pattern in a large range of micro-displacement sensing. The measurement range is limited by the limited spectral range of the light source and the discontinuous variation in the effective refractive index. This provides an experimental reference for further understanding the characteristics of U-shaped fiber structures and applying its application in micro-displacement sensing.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli strains poses significant challenges in clinical settings, particularly when these strains harbor New Delhi metallo-ß-lactamase (NDM) gene, which confer resistance to carbapenems, a critical class of last-resort antibiotics. This study investigates the genetic characteristics and implications of a novel bla -carrying plasmid pNDM-5-0083 isolated from an E. coli strain GZ04-0083 from clinical specimen in Zhongshan, China. Phenotypic and genotypic evaluations confirmed that the E. coli ST167 strain GZ04-0083 is a multidrug-resistant organism, showing resistance to diverse classes of antibiotics including ß-lactams, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides, while maintaining susceptibility to monobactams. Investigations involving S1 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Southern blot analysis, and conjugation experiments, alongside genomic sequencing, confirmed the presence of the bla gene within a 146-kb IncFIB plasmid pNDM-5-0083. This evidence underscores a significant risk for the horizontal transfer of resistance genes among bacterial populations. Detailed annotations of genetic elements-such as resistance genes, transposons, and insertion sequences-and comparative BLAST analyses with other bla -carrying plasmids, revealed a unique architectural configuration in the pNDM-5-0083. The MDR region of this plasmid shares a conserved gene arrangement (repA-IS15DIV-bla -ble -IS91-suI2-aadA2-dfrA12) with three previously reported plasmids, indicating a potential for dynamic genetic recombination and evolution within the MDR region. Additionally, the integration of virulence factors, including the iro and sit gene clusters and enolase, into its genetic architecture poses further therapeutic challenges by enhancing the strain's pathogenicity through improved host tissue colonization, immune evasion, and increased infection severity. The detailed identification and characterization of pNDM-5-0083 enhance our understanding of the mechanisms facilitating the spread of carbapenem resistance. This study illuminates the intricate interplay among various genetic elements within the novel bla -carrying plasmid, which are crucial for the stability and mobility of resistance genes across bacterial populations. These insights highlight the urgent need for ongoing surveillance and the development of effective strategies to curb the proliferation of antibiotic resistance.

Background Debates persist on the optimal surgical approach for treating Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total hip arthroplasty (THA). This meta-analysis aimed to compare the reinfection rate of one-stage revision versus two-stage revision for PJI after THA. Methods A comprehensive search was performed in four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) to locate articles that assessed the reinfection rate of one-stage revision compared to two-stage revision. Meta-analyses of reinfection rate were performed. Results A total of 14 articles including of 1429 patients were chosen for inclusion in this meta-analysis, with 561 patients in the one-stage group and 868 patients in the two-stage group. The meta-analysis of the 14 trials revealed that there was no statistically significant disparity in the reinfection rate between the two groups(OR = 1.34, 95% CI 0.92 ~ 1.93, P  = 0.12, I 2  = 0). A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the presence of a well-defined algorithm for decision making in either a one-stage or two-stage revision. There was no statistically significant difference in reinfection rate between one-stage and two-stage revision if there was a decision algorithm(OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.44 ~ 1.54, P  = 0.55, I 2  = 0). If not, the reinfection rate of one-stage revision was significantly higher than that of two-stage revision(OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.11 ~ 2.88, P  = 0.02, I 2  = 0). Postoperative hip function score was significantly better in the one-stage revision group than that of the two-stage revision group(SMD = 0.54, 95% CI 0.31 ~ 0.78, P <0.05, I 2  = 79%). Conclusions A strategy that is clearly defined and can be used for decision making in one-stage or two-stage revision is necessary for the treatment of PJI after THA. When there is significant damage to the soft tissue and/or the presence of strong microorganisms, a two-stage revision is recommended in order to decrease the reinfection rate. One-stage revision is recommended for patients with low-toxic infections and intact soft tissue. Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD42023450842, 17 August 2023) https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023450842 .

The mechanism for the paradox of global warming and successive cold winters in mid-latitudes remains controversial. In this study, the connection between Arctic sea ice (ASI) loss and frequent cold air outbreaks in eastern Continental United States (CONUS) is explored. Two distinct periods of high and low ASI (hereafter high- and low-ice phases) are identified for comparative study. It is demonstrated that cold air outbreaks occur more frequently during the low-ice phase compared to that during the high-ice phase. The polar vortex is weakened and shifted southward during the low-ice phase. Correspondingly, the spatial pattern of 500 hPa geopotential height (GPH), which represents the mid-tropospheric circulation, shows a clear negative Arctic Oscillation-like pattern in the low-ice phase. Specifically, positive GPH anomalies in the Arctic region with two centers, respectively located over Greenland and the Barents Sea, significantly weaken the low-pressure system centered around the Baffin Island, and enhance Ural blocking in the low-ice phase. Meanwhile, the high ridge extending from Alaska to the west coast of North America further intensifies, while the low trough over eastern CONUS deepens. As a result, the atmospheric circulation in North America becomes more conductive to frigid Arctic air outbreaks. It is concluded that the ASI loss contributes to more cold air outbreaks in winter in eastern CONUS through the polar vortex weakening with southward displacement of the polar vortex edge, which lead to the weakening of the meridional potential vorticity gradient between the Arctic and mid-latitude and thus are conducive to the strengthening and long-term maintenance of the blocking high.

Lubricating oil can effectively reduce friction between mechanical parts, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving service life and reliability. Due to the development of science and technology, it is necessary to improve the performance of lubricating oil to fulfill the higher tribological requirements for countering wear and providing lubrication. Nanolubricant additives have the four lubrication mechanisms of micro-bearing, protective film, polishing, and repair effects. A nanolubricant additive can often demonstrate a variety of lubrication mechanisms at the same time. As lubricating additives, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have outstanding effects which improve the tribological properties of lubricating oil and have been widely studied in the field of tribology. This paper introduces the lubrication mechanism of nanoadditives and the latest research results for metal and metal-oxide nanoparticle lubrication additives.

Carbon fiber honeycomb composites have been widely used in various aerospace industry due to its superior mechanical properties. However, machining honeycomb composites remains a challenging task due to its difficult-to-machine properties, which can lead to serious machining issues like debonding of the honeycomb wall and burrs. Cutting angles is a key factor affecting the damage formation of the carbon fiber honeycomb composites. In order to reduce machining damages, in this study, an analytical method for calculating the cutting angles was proposed, in which the structural characteristics of the honeycomb cell and the interaction between the honeycomb wall and the cutting tool were considered. And deformations of the honeycomb wall with different configurations of cutting angles were analyzed. Then cutting experiments were conducted with different cutting directions and cutting width, which affect the cutting angles. Finally, the effects of cutting angle on the cutting forces and machining quality are discussed. The results show that larger in-plane cutting forces are beneficial to decrease the burrs of the honeycomb wall, and the quality of the machined honeycomb wall is poor when the cutting angles range from about 66° to 141°.

A microRNA (miRNA) detection platform composed of a rolling circle amplification (RCA) system and an allosteric deoxyribozyme system is proposed, which can detect miRNA-21 rapidly and efficiently. Padlock probe hybridization with the target miRNA is achieved through complementary base pairing and the padlock probe forms a closed circular template under the action of ligase; this circular template results in RCA. In the presence of DNA polymerase, RCA proceeds and a long chain with numerous repeating units is formed. In the presence of single-stranded DNA (H1 and H2), multi-component nucleic acid enzymes (MNAzymes) are formed that have the ability to cleave substrates. Finally, substrates containing fluorescent and quenching groups and magnesium ions are added to the system to activate the MNAzyme and the substrate cleavage reaction, thus achieving fluorescence intensity amplification. The RCA–MNAzyme system has dual signal amplification and presents a sensing platform that demonstrates broad prospects in the analysis and detection of nucleic acids.