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"Yao, Juan"
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Efficient electron transmission in covalent organic framework nanosheets for highly active electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction
Efficient conversion of carbon dioxide (CO
2
) into value-added products is essential for clean energy research. Design of stable, selective, and powerful electrocatalysts for CO
2
reduction reaction (CO
2
RR) is highly desirable yet largely unmet. In this work, a series of metalloporphyrin-tetrathiafulvalene based covalent organic frameworks (M-TTCOFs) are designed. Tetrathiafulvalene, serving as electron donator or carrier, can construct an oriented electron transmission pathway with metalloporphyrin. Thus-obtained M-TTCOFs can serve as electrocatalysts with high FE
CO
(91.3%, −0.7 V) and possess high cycling stability (>40 h). In addition, after exfoliation, the FE
CO
value of Co-TTCOF nanosheets (~5 nm) is higher than 90% in a wide potential range from −0.6 to −0.9 V and the maximum FE
CO
can reach up to almost 100% (99.7%, −0.8 V). The electrocatalytic CO
2
RR mechanisms are discussed and revealed by density functional theory calculations. This work paves a new way in exploring porous crystalline materials in electrocatalytic CO
2
RR.
The study of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in electrocatalytic CO
2
reduction reaction (CO
2
RR) has drawn much attention. Here the authors show a series of tetrathiafulvalene based COFs designed and exfoliated into nanosheets which exhibit high electrocatalytic CO
2
RR performance.
Journal Article
Quantum state reconstruction via disentanglement with sequential optimization algorithm
In this work, we report a novel quantum state reconstruction process based on the disentanglement algorithm. We propose a sequential disentanglement scheme, which can transform an unknown quantum state into a product of computational zero states. The inverse evolution of the zero states reconstructs the quantum state up to an overall phase. By sequentially disentangling the qubits one by one, we reduce the required measurements with only individual qubit measurement and identify the transformation unitary efficiently. Variational quantum circuit and reinforcement learning methods are used for the quantum circuit design for continuous and discrete quantum gates implementation. Demonstrations with our proposal for the reconstruction of the random states are presented. Our method is universal and imposes no specific ansatz or constraint on the quantum state.
Journal Article
Research on the influencing factors of consumption behavior of agricultural organic waste derivatives
The promotion and utilization of agricultural organic waste derivatives represent a critical pathway toward achieving green agricultural transformation and efficient resource recycling. Drawing upon the TPB and NAM theories, this study develops a dual-path integrated behavioral model that encompasses both rational decision-making and moral motivation. Based on 661 valid survey responses collected in the Xinjiang region of China, the study employs SEM and DEMATEL method to systematically examine the influence mechanisms of subjective norms, behavioral attitude, perceived behavioral control, personal norms, consequence perception, and responsibility attribution on consumers’ willingness to consume and their actual consumption behavior of agricultural organic waste derivatives. It further identifies the causal relationships and hierarchical structure among these key variables. The findings reveal that: (1) Subjective norms, behavioral attitude, and personal norms significantly and positively influence consumer willingness, thereby promoting actual consumption behavior. Perceived behavioral control not only directly enhances willingness but also facilitates behavioral conversion; (2) Consequence perception, responsibility attribution, and subjective norms indirectly influence consumer willingness by activating personal norms, while consequence perception also enhances willingness via improvements in behavioral attitude, thus validating the mediating role of the morally-driven pathway; (3) Consequence perception, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control emerge as the core factors within the causal structure. Their enhancement directly strengthens consumers’ green consumption willingness and behaviors, while also indirectly activating other psychological mechanisms. Accordingly, the study recommends enhancing science popularization and demonstration projects to raise awareness of the ecological benefits of agricultural organic waste utilization, establishing regulations and fostering social norms to encourage green consumption, leveraging grassroots organizations to improve product accessibility, and using education and incentives to promote ethically driven, stable consumption of agricultural organic waste derivatives.
Journal Article
Impact of digital breast tomosynthesis on screening performance and interval cancer rates compared to digital mammography: A meta-analysis
The performance of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) alone, digital mammography (DM) plus DBT, and synthesized mammography (SM) plus DBT, in comparison to DM in breast cancer screening, remains a topic of ongoing debate. The effectiveness of these modalities in reducing interval cancer rates (ICR) is particularly contentious.
A database of data was searched for articles published until July 2024. Initially, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of DBT (DBT alone, DM/DBT, and SM/DBT) and DM were estimated. Additionally, the sensitivity of breast cancer screening and ICR for DBT alone, DM/DBT, and SM/DBT compared to DM. The characteristics of interval breast cancer were compared with those screening BC, alongside differences across various screening methods.
Eleven studies comparing DBT and DM were included. The sensitivity of DBT was higher than that of DM, with rates of 86% (95%CI: 81, 90) and 80% (95%CI: 76, 84), respectively. The specificities of both modalities were similar, recorded at 96% (95%CI: 95, 98) and 96% (95%CI: 95, 97), respectively. In comparison to DM, the screening sensitivities of DBT, DM/DBT, and SM/DBT were increased by 4.33% (95% CI: 1.52, 7.13), 6.29% (95% CI: 2.55, 10.03), and 5.22% (95% CI: 1.35, 9.10), respectively; however, the difference in the ICR was not statistically significant.
DBT offers advantages in enhancing the sensitivity of breast cancer screening; however, its impact on ICR remains uncertain. Consequently, further research is necessary to comprehensively evaluate both the effectiveness of screening and the potential risks associated with DBT.
Journal Article
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with sustained ventricular tachycardia: a case report
Introduction
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an infrequent hereditary disorder distinguished by fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium in the right ventricular, which predisposes individuals to life-threatening arrhythmias. This case delineates an ARVC patient who suffered recurrent bouts of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT). In this case, we mainly discuss the application of myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) in displaying myocardial fibrosis in patients with ARVC.
Case presentation
A 43-year-old male experienced three episodes of unexplained VT over an eight-year period, accompanied by symptoms of chest discomfort, palpitations and dizziness. Coronary angiography revealed no significant coronary stenosis. The electrocardiogram (ECG) results indicated characteristic epsilon waves in right precordial leads, and subsequent echocardiography identified right ventricular enlargement and right ventricular systolic dysfunction. MCE further disclosed regional myocardial ischemia at the epicardium of the left ventricular apex. Ultimately, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) corroborated the ARVC diagnosis, highlighting linear intensification in the right ventricle during the delayed enhancement.
Conclusion
Prompt identification of ARVC is crucial for timely intervention and management. MCE may offer an effective and valuable technique for the detection of myocardial involvement in ARVC patient.
Journal Article
The effect of government publicity and guidance on farmers’ ecological environment governance participation behavior—The mediating effect of environmental literacy and perceived value
As an important policy tool for rural ecological environment governance, it is crucial to clarify the mechanism through which government publicity and guidance affects farmers’ participation behavior, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of rural ecological governance. Based on survey data from rural households in Changji Prefecture, Xinjiang, this study empirically examines the influence of government publicity and guidance on farmers’ decision-making behavior, protective behavior, and supervisory behavior related to ecological environment governance, employing an Ordered Probit model, OLS regression, and a Generalized Structural Equation Model. The findings indicate that: (1) Government publicity and guidance, Environmental literacy, and Perceived Value exert significant positive effects on farmers’ multidimensional ecological environment governance behaviors; (2) Heterogeneity analysis reveals that these three factors have a stronger promoting effect on the ecological environment governance behaviors of low-income farmers; (3) Environmental literacy and Perceived Value serve as significant mediators in the relationship between government publicity and guidance and farmers’ ecological environment governance participation behavior, and two together construct a chain mediation path of “government publicity and guidance-environmental literacy-perceived value-ecological and environmental governance behavior”. Based on these findings, this study proposes policy recommendations including refining government publicity and guidance strategies, systematically enhancing environmental literacy, facilitating the internalization of Perceived Value, and implementing differentiated policy support mechanisms.
Journal Article
Airflow obstruction, impaired lung function and risk of sudden cardiac death: a prospective cohort study
BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that compromised lung health may be linked to cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about its association with sudden cardiac death (SCD).ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the link between impaired lung function, airflow obstruction and risk of SCD by race and gender in four US communities.MethodsA total of 14 708 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants who underwent spirometry and were asked about lung health (1987–1989) were followed. The main outcome was physician-adjudicated SCD. Fine-Gray proportional subdistribution hazard models with Firth’s penalised partial likelihood correction were used to estimate the HRs.ResultsOver a median follow-up of 25.4 years, 706 (4.8%) subjects experienced SCD. The incidence of SCD was inversely associated with FEV1 in each of the four race and gender groups and across all smoking status categories. After adjusting for multiple measured confounders, HRs of SCD comparing the lowest with the highest quintile of FEV1 were 2.62 (95% CI 1.62 to 4.26) for white males, 1.80 (95% CI 1.03 to 3.15) for white females, 2.07 (95% CI 1.05 to 4.11) for black males and 2.62 (95% CI 1.21 to 5.65) for black females. The above associations were consistently observed among the never smokers. Moderate to very severe airflow obstruction was associated with increased risk of SCD. Addition of FEV1 significantly improved the predictive power for SCD.ConclusionsImpaired lung function and airflow obstruction were associated with increased risk of SCD in general population. Additional research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms is warranted.
Journal Article
The Antioxidant Action of Astragali radix: Its Active Components and Molecular Basis
Astragali radix is a traditional medicinal herb with a long history and wide application. It is frequently used in prescriptions with other medicinal materials to replenish Qi. According to the classics of traditional Chinese medicine, Astragali radix is attributed with properties such as Qi replenishing and surface solidifying, sore healing and muscle generating, and inducing diuresis to reduce edema. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that some extracts and active ingredients in Astragali radix function as antioxidants. The polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids in Astragali radix offer beneficial effects in preventing and controlling diseases caused by oxidative stress. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive research on the effective components and molecular mechanisms through which Astragali radix exerts antioxidant activity. In this paper, we review the active components with antioxidant effects in Astragali radix; summarize the content, bioavailability, and antioxidant mechanisms; and offer a reference for the clinical application of Astragalus and the future development of novel antioxidants.
Journal Article
A study of the evolutionary game of carbon offset involving tourism stakeholders under incentive and constraint mechanisms
Tourism carbon offsetting is a crucial pathway to achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality in the tourism industry. Accurately grasping the collaborative evolutionary mechanisms among local governments, tourism enterprises, and tourists is key to promoting the implementation of tourism carbon offsetting. By constructing an evolutionary game model involving local governments, tourism enterprises, and tourists in carbon offsetting, this study uses MATLAB to simulate the evolutionary stable strategies under various conditions. Additionally, it dynamically simulates the collaborative strategies of the three parties under the influence of local government incentive and constraint mechanisms. The results indicate that under strong governmental constraint mechanisms, there is a promotion of active participation in carbon offsetting by local governments, tourism enterprises, and tourists. Incentive policies at certain levels also play a positive guiding role. As incentives increase, local subsidies and intervention costs also rise, leading to an evolution towards less enthusiastic participation among the three parties. Appropriately balanced government incentives and penalties are beneficial in achieving an equilibrium of benefits among multiple stakeholders involved in carbon offsetting, thus helping to attain carbon neutrality goals.
Journal Article