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Background The family is an important social context where children learn and adopt eating behaviors. Specifically, parents play the role of health promoters, role models, and educators in the lives of children, influencing their food cognitions and choices. This study attempts to systematically review empirical studies examining the influence of parents on child food consumption behavior in two contexts: one promotive in nature (e.g., healthy food), and the other preventive in nature (e.g., unhealthy food). Methods From a total of 6,448 titles extracted from Web of Science, ERIC, PsycINFO and PubMED, seventy eight studies met the inclusion criteria for a systematic review, while thirty seven articles contained requisite statistical information for meta-analysis. The parental variables extracted include active guidance/education, restrictive guidance/rule-making, availability, accessibility, modeling, pressure to eat, rewarding food consumption, rewarding with verbal praise, and using food as reward. The food consumption behaviors examined include fruits and vegetables consumption, sugar-sweetened beverages, and snack consumption. Results Results indicate that availability (Healthy: r  = .24, p  < .001; Unhealthy: r  = .34, p  < .001) and parental modeling effects (Healthy: r  = .32, p  < .001; Unhealthy: r  = .35, p  < .001) show the strongest associations with both healthy and unhealthy food consumption. In addition, the efficacy of some parenting practices might be dependent on the food consumption context and the age of the child. For healthy foods, active guidance/education might be more effective ( r  = .15, p  < .001). For unhealthy foods, restrictive guidance/rule-making might be more effective ( r  = −.11, p  < .01). For children 7 and older, restrictive guidance/rule-making could be more effective in preventing unhealthy eating ( r = − .20, p  < .05). For children 6 and younger, rewarding with verbal praise can be more effective in promoting healthy eating ( r = .26, p  < .001) and in preventing unhealthy eating ( r = − .08, p  < .01). Conclusions This study illustrates that a number of parental behaviors are strong correlates of child food consumption behavior. More importantly, this study highlights 3 main areas in parental influence of child food consumption that are understudied: (1) active guidance/education, (2) psychosocial mediators, and (3) moderating influence of general parenting styles.

As our interactions with each other become increasingly digitally mediated, there is growing interest in the study of people’s digital experiences. To better understand digital experiences, some researchers have proposed the use of screenomes . This involves the collection of sequential high-frequency screenshots which provide detailed objective records of individuals’ interaction with screen devices over time. Despite its usefulness, there remains no readily available tool that researchers can use to run their own screenome studies. To fill this gap, we introduce ScreenLife Capture, a user-friendly and open-source software to collect screenomes from smartphones. Using this tool, researchers can set up smartphone screenome studies even with limited programming knowledge and resources. We piloted the tool in an exploratory mixed-method study of 20 college students, collecting over 740,000 screenshots over a 2-week period. We found that smartphone use is highly heterogeneous, characterized by threads of experiences. Using in-depth interviews, we also explored the impact that constant background surveillance of smartphone use had on participants. Participants generally had slight psychological discomfort which fades after a few days, would suspend screen recording for activity perceived to be extremely private, and recounted slight changes in behavior. Implications for future research is discussed.

PurposeWhile videoconferencing has allowed for meetings to continue in a virtual space without the need for face-to-face interaction, there have been increasing reports of individuals affected by a phenomenon colloquially known as videoconference fatigue (VF). This paper presents a systematic review of existing literature to understand the empirical manifestations of the phenomenon, the causes behind it and potential theoretical explanations behind its effects.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive search on four academic databases was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and produced 34,574 results, with 14 articles meeting the eligibility criteria.FindingsAnalyses showed that VF can be classified into four dimensions: physical, emotional, cognitive and social. Antecedents of VF can be organized into psychological, social, technical, chronemic and productivity factors. Potential theoretical explanations applied in existing studies were described and elaborated upon. The authors also highlight the importance of addressing social concerns as a key priority in alleviating VF.Originality/valueTo our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive systematic review of existing research on VF. The contribution of this paper is twofold: First, the authors described VF in a systematic and rigorous manner and provide theoretical insights, as much of the current discourse around VF tends to be based on anecdotal evidence and reports. Second, the authors explore potential theoretical explanations surrounding the phenomena, to address the lack of understanding behind the processes by which VF affects individuals.

Carfilzomib is the second proteasome inhibitor approved for relapsed multiple myeloma. Since its approval in 2012, carfilzomib has been an active and versatile drug, based on its efficacy as a single agent; superiority as a doublet with dexamethasone compared with bortezomib and dexamethasone; and as a partner in diverse three drug combinations such as with lenalidomide or daratumumab. While it has an established place in relapsed disease, clinicians should be aware of its cardiovascular and renal adverse event profile, which is manageable, in order to optimize outcomes. This review will provide a perspective on the current and future role of carfilzomib in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

Despite the post-COVID return to face-to-face teaching and learning, many higher educational institutions continue to utilize videoconferencing due to its numerous benefits. Along with this increased adoption, reports have surfaced regarding videoconference fatigue (VF), a phenomenon characterized by exhaustion from using videoconference platforms. Despite this, there is a substantial gap in our understanding of the antecedent factors contributing to VF. Our study aims to develop and validate a research instrument for the study of the antecedents to VF in the context of whole-class teaching in higher education, which we term the AVFS-HE. We developed and tested this scale across three studies: first with 21 undergraduates in the substantive validity phase, and a further 508 undergraduates in the structural validity and external validity phases. The final 17-item AVFS-HE encompassed five key antecedents to VF: psychological, technical, social, productivity (engagement), and productivity (distraction) antecedents. The measure was shown to demonstrate good validity both internally and in relation to VF constructs. Recommendations for future research and practical recommendations for educators are discussed.

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are an important new class of therapeutics for treating multiple myeloma. Ricolinostat (ACY-1215) is the first oral selective HDAC6 inhibitor with reduced class I HDAC activity to be studied clinically. Motivated by findings from preclinical studies showing potent synergistic activity with ricolinostat and lenalidomide, our goal was to assess the safety and preliminary activity of the combination of ricolinostat with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. In this multicentre phase 1b trial, we recruited patients aged 18 years or older with previously treated relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma from five cancer centres in the USA. Inclusion criteria included a Karnofsky Performance Status score of at least 70, measureable disease, adequate bone marrow reserve, adequate hepatic function, and a creatinine clearance of at least 50 mL per min. Exclusion criteria included previous exposure to HDAC inhibitors; previous allogeneic stem-cell transplantation; previous autologous stem-cell transplantation within 12 weeks of baseline; active systemic infection; malignancy within the last 5 years; known or suspected HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C infection; a QTc Fridericia of more than 480 ms; and substantial cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, psychiatric, or other medical disorders. We gave escalating doses (from 40–240 mg once daily to 160 mg twice daily) of oral ricolinostat according to a standard 3 + 3 design according to three different regimens on days 1–21 with a conventional 28 day schedule of oral lenalidomide (from 15 mg [in one cohort] to 25 mg [in all other cohorts] once daily) and oral dexamethasone (40 mg weekly). Primary outcomes were dose-limiting toxicities, the maximum tolerated dose of ricolinostat in this combination, and the dose and schedule of ricolinostat recommended for further phase 2 investigation. Secondary outcomes were the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ricolinostat in this combination and the preliminary anti-tumour activity of this treatment. The trial is closed to accrual and is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01583283. Between July 12, 2012, and Aug 20, 2015, we enrolled 38 patients. We observed two dose-limiting toxicities with ricolinostat 160 mg twice daily: one (2%) grade 3 syncope and one (2%) grade 3 myalgia event in different cohorts. A maximum tolerated dose was not reached. We chose ricolinostat 160 mg once daily on days 1–21 of a 28 day cycle as the recommended dose for future phase 2 studies in combination with lenalidomide 25 mg and dexamethasone 40 mg. The most common adverse events were fatigue (grade 1–2 in 14 [37%] patients; grade 3 in seven [18%]) and diarrhoea (grade 1–2 in 15 [39%] patients; grade 3 in two [5%]). Our pharmacodynamic studies showed that at clinically relevant doses, ricolinostat selectively inhibits HDAC6 while retaining a low and tolerable level of class I HDAC inhibition. The pharmacokinetics of ricolinostat and lenalidomide were not affected by co-administration. In a preliminary assessment of antitumour activity, 21 (55% [95% CI 38–71]) of 38 patients had an overall response. The findings from this study provide preliminary evidence that ricolinostat is a safe and well tolerated selective HDAC6 inhibitor, which might partner well with lenalidomide and dexamethasone to enhance their efficacy in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Acetylon Pharmaceuticals.

A 34-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal distention, fatigue, and acute kidney injury that occurred 10 months after orthotopic liver transplantation. A diagnosis was made.

Herein, we present the final report of a single-center, prospective phase II study evaluating ibrutinib 420 mg once daily in 30 treatment-naive patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM). The present study is registered with ClinicalTrials.Gov (NCT02604511). With a median follow-up of 50 months, the overall, major, and VGPR response rates were 100%, 87%, and 30%. The VGPR rate was numerically but not significantly lower in patients with than without CXCR4 mutations (14% vs. 44%; p = 0.09). The median time to a minor response was 0.9 months, and to a major response was 1.9 months, though were longer in those with mutated CXCR4 at 1.7 months (p = 0.07) and 7.3 months (p = 0.01). Six patients had disease progression. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was not reached, and the 4-year PFS rate was 76%. There was also a non-significant lower 4-year PFS rate in patients with than without CXCR4 mutations (59% vs. 92%; p = 0.06). The most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue, upper respiratory infection, and hematoma. Atrial fibrillation occurred in 20% of patients. Ibrutinib monotherapy induced durable responses in treatment-naive patients with WM. CXCR4 mutations impacted VGPR attainment, time to major response, and 4-year PFS rate.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a commonly- used treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, our understanding of the mechanism by which TMS exerts its antidepressant effect is minimal. Furthermore, we lack brain signals that can be used to predict and track clinical outcome. Such signals would allow for treatment stratification and optimization. Here, we performed a randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial and measured electrophysiological, neuroimaging, and clinical changes before and after rTMS. Patients (N = 36) were randomized to receive either active or sham rTMS to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) for 20 consecutive weekdays. To capture the rTMS-driven changes in connectivity and causal excitability, resting fMRI and TMS/EEG were performed before and after the treatment. Baseline causal connectivity differences between depressed patients and healthy controls were also evaluated with concurrent TMS/fMRI. We found that active, but not sham rTMS elicited (1) an increase in dlPFC global connectivity, (2) induction of negative dlPFC-amygdala connectivity, and (3) local and distributed changes in TMS/EEG potentials. Global connectivity changes predicted clinical outcome, while both global connectivity and TMS/EEG changes tracked clinical outcome. In patients but not healthy participants, we observed a perturbed inhibitory effect of the dlPFC on the amygdala. Taken together, rTMS induced lasting connectivity and excitability changes from the site of stimulation, such that after active treatment, the dlPFC appeared better able to engage in top-down control of the amygdala. These measures of network functioning both predicted and tracked clinical outcome, potentially opening the door to treatment optimization.