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"Yoon, Hee"
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Close encounters with humankind : a paleoanthropologist investigates our evolving species
Explores how the field of paleoanthropology enables insights into some of the world's leading evolutionary questions, exploring such topics as the life cycles of ancient people, the origins of social nature, and the common traits between modern humans and Neanderthals.
Book
A chemical biology route to site-specific authentic protein modifications
Many essential biological processes are controlled by posttranslationai protein modifications. The inability to synthetically attain the diversity enabled by these modifications limits functional studies of many proteins. We designed a three-step approach for installing authentic posttranslationai modifications in recombinant proteins. We first use the established O-phosphoserine (Sep) orthogonal translation system to create a Sep-containing recombinant protein. The Sep residue is then dephosphorylated to dehydroalanine (Dha). Last conjugate addition of alkyl iodides to Dha, promoted by zinc and copper, enables chemoselective carbon-carbon bond formation. To validate our approach, we produced histone H3, ubiquitin, and green fluorescent protein variants with site-specific modifications, including different methylations of H3K79.The methylated histones stimulate transcription through histone acetylation. This approach offers a powerful tool to engineer diverse designer proteins.
Journal Article
Impact of ambient temperature on respiratory disease: a case-crossover study in Seoul
Background
Respiratory diseases contribute to global morbidity and mortality, and temperature is a significant factor. We investigated the association between ambient temperature and emergency department (ED) visits for various respiratory diseases in Seoul, South Korea.
Methods
Using data from the National Emergency Department Information System (2008–2017), we analysed 1,616,644 ED visits for respiratory diseases, categorised according to the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases 7th revision codes (J00-J99). Using a time-stratified case-crossover design and a distributed lag nonlinear model, we investigated the effect of temperature exposure on ED visits for respiratory diseases, calculating the relative risk (RR) for the maximum risk temperature (MaxRT) of both cold and hot extremes compared to the minimum risk temperature (MinRT).
Results
Cold temperatures (MaxRT: -9.0 °C) resulted in a 2.68-fold increase (RR = 2.68, 95% CI = 2.26–3.14) in ED visits for total respiratory diseases, while hot temperatures (MaxRT: 29.4 °C) led to a 1.26-fold increase (RR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.11–1.42) compared to the MinRT (24.8 °C). Cold temperatures increased the risk of most respiratory diseases, except interstitial lung disease, whereas hot temperatures increased ED visits for acute upper respiratory infections and influenza. Cold temperatures increased ED visits for all age groups, especially those aged 18–64 (RR = 3.54, 95% CI = 2.90–4.33), while hot temperatures significantly affected those < 18 (RR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.27–1.66). The risk levels were similar in both males and females, regardless of hot and cold temperatures.
Conclusion
Our findings underscore the significant impact of both cold and heat exposure on ED visits for respiratory diseases, with varying intensities and risk profiles across different population groups.
Journal Article
بيت تتحقق فيه الأمنيات
كتاب بيت تتحقق فيه الأمنيات تأليف جانج سيون-هي تحكي لنا هذه القصة عن الأحلام والخيالات التي يعيشها طفل يرغب في تحقيق أمنيات كثيرة في حياته، ويتمكن الطفل من تحقيق أية أمنية يرغبها عندما يدخل إلى بيت تتحقق فيه هذه الأمنيات. ترى ما الأمنيات التي تمناها هذا الطفل الكتاب من القطع المتوسط ويقع في حوالي أربعون صفحة.
Book
The Effects of Major Customer Networks on Supplier Profitability
Whereas extant research on supply chain networks focuses mainly on the networks of major suppliers, this study fills a gap in the literature by exploring the relational and structural characteristics of networks of major customers and their impact on the financial performance of suppliers. Based on the major customer disclosure of the Statements of Financial Accounting Standards 131, this study identifies three dimensions of the major customer networks of U.S. public firms—customer concentration, mutual dependence and customer interconnection—and investigates how they affect the supplier's return on assets (ROAt+1) and return on sales (ROSt+1). Drawing on 717 suppliers and their major customer networks from the Compustat database, the study shows that customer concentration and interconnection negatively affect the supplier's ROAt+1 and ROSt+1, whereas mutual dependence enhances them and reduces the negative impact of customer concentration on the supplier's profitability. This positive interaction between customer concentration and mutual dependence demonstrates how two governance principles, power and embeddedness, simultaneously affect concentrated relationships with major customers.
Journal Article
CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Therapy: Non-Viral Delivery and Stimuli-Responsive Nanoformulations
The CRISPR-Cas9 technology, one of the groundbreaking genome editing methods for addressing genetic disorders, has emerged as a powerful, precise, and efficient tool. However, its clinical translation remains hindered by challenges in delivery efficiency and targeting specificity. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the structural features, advantages, and potential applications of various non-viral and stimuli-responsive systems, examining recent progress to emphasize the potential to address these limitations and advance CRISPR-Cas9 therapeutics. We describe how recent reports emphasize that nonviral vectors, including lipid-based nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, polymeric nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles, can offer diverse advantages to enhance stability, cellular uptake, and biocompatibility, based on their structures and physio-chemical stability. We also summarize recent progress on stimuli-responsive nanoformulations, a type of non-viral vector, to introduce precision and control in CRISPR-Cas9 delivery. Stimuli-responsive nanoformulations are designed to respond to pH, redox states, and external triggers, facilitate controlled and targeted delivery, and minimize off-target effects. The insights in our review suggest future challenges for clinical applications of gene therapy technologies and highlight the potential of delivery systems to enhance CRISPR-Cas9’s clinical efficacy, positioning them as pivotal tools for future gene-editing therapies.
Journal Article
Exogenous melatonin induces salt and drought stress tolerance in rice by promoting plant growth and defense system
Due to global climate change, crops are certainly confronted with a lot of abiotic and biotic stress factors during their growth that cause a serious threat to their development and overall productivity. Among different abiotic stresses, salt and drought are considered the most devastating stressors with serious impact on crop’s yield stability. Here, the current study aimed to elucidate how melatonin works in regulating plant biomass, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense system, as well as the expression of genes related to salt and drought stress in rice plants. Eight groups of rice plants (3 replicates, 5 plants each) underwent varied treatments: control, melatonin, salt, drought, salt + drought, salt + melatonin, drought + melatonin, and salt + drought + melatonin. Melatonin (100 µM) was alternately applied a week before stress exposure; salt stress received 100 mM NaCl every 3 days for 3 weeks, and drought stress involved 10% PEG. Young leaves were randomly sampled from each group. The results showed that melatonin treatment markedly reduces salt and drought stress damage by promoting root, shoot length, fresh and dry weight, increasing chlorophyll contents, and inhibiting excessive production of oxidative stress markers. Salt and drought stress significantly decreased the water balance, and damaged cell membrane by reducing relative water contents and increasing electrolyte leakage. However, melatonin treated rice plants showed high relative water contents and low electrolyte leakage. Under salt and drought stress conditions, exogenous application of melatonin boosted the expression level of salt and drought stress responsive genes like
OsSOS
,
OsNHX
,
OsHSF
and
OsDREB
in rice plants. Taken together, our results reveal that melatonin treatment significantly increases salt and drought tolerance of rice plants, by increasing plant biomass, suppressing ROS accumulation, elevating antioxidants defense efficiency, and up-regulating the expression of salt and drought stress responsive genes.
Journal Article
Parallel Power Flow Computation Trends and Applications: A Review Focusing on GPU
A power flow study aims to analyze a power system by obtaining the voltage and phase angle of buses inside the power system. Power flow computation basically uses a numerical method to solve a nonlinear system, which takes a certain amount of time because it may take many iterations to find the final solution. In addition, as the size and complexity of power systems increase, further computational power is required for power system study. Therefore, there have been many attempts to conduct power flow computation with large amounts of data using parallel computing to reduce the computation time. Furthermore, with recent system developments, attempts have been made to increase the speed of parallel computing using graphics processing units (GPU). In this review paper, we summarize issues related to parallel processing in power flow studies and analyze research into the performance of fast power flow computations using parallel computing methods with GPU.
Journal Article