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Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is an excellent choice in the areas where weight reduction is important and multi-functionalization of CFRP, especially by adding sensor capabilities, is a promising approach to realize lightweight battery-free devices in structural health monitoring (SHM). In this study, we fabricated hybrid CFRP with Fe-Co fibers and evaluated the inverse magnetostrictive response characteristics. It was shown that the measured magnetic flux density of the CFRP fluctuates in response to cyclic bending load. It was also revealed that our Fe-Co fiber inserted CFRP has damage self-sensing ability. In addition, it seems that the optimization of design and more experimental and numerical investigation improves the capability of the hybrid CFRP with Fe-Co fiber as sensor composite materials.

The use of fluorescent proteins has revolutionized our understanding of biological processes. However, the requirement for external illumination precludes their universal application to the study of biological processes in all tissues. Although light can be created by chemiluminescence, light emission from existing chemiluminescent probes is too weak to use this imaging modality in situations when fluorescence cannot be used. Here we report the development of the brightest luminescent protein to date, Nano-lantern, which is a chimera of enhanced Renilla luciferase and Venus, a fluorescent protein with high bioluminescence resonance energy transfer efficiency. Nano-lantern allows real-time imaging of intracellular structures in living cells with spatial resolution equivalent to fluorescence and sensitive tumour detection in freely moving unshaved mice. We also create functional indicators based on Nano-lantern that can image Ca 2+ , cyclic adenosine monophosphate and adenosine 5′-triphosphate dynamics in environments where the use of fluorescent indicators is not feasible. These luminescent proteins allow visualization of biological phenomena at previously unseen single-cell, organ and whole-body level in animals and plants. Luminescent proteins are important tools for biomedical imaging but tend to emit fairly little light. Saito et al. . describe a brighter version of a bioluminescent protein that can visualize intracellular dynamics of various signalling molecules with high spatial and temporal resolution.

Wearable energy harvesting devices attract attention as the devices provide electrical power without inhibiting user mobility and independence. While the piezoelectric materials integrated shoes have been considered as wearable energy harvesting devices for a long time, they can lose their energy harvesting performance after being used several times due to their brittleness. In this study, we focused on Fe–Co magnetostrictive materials and fabricated Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes. We revealed that Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes are capable of generating 1.2 µJ from 1000 steps of usual walking by the Villari (inverse magnetostrictive) effect. It seems that the output energy is dependent on user habit on ambulation, not on their weight. From both a mechanical and functional point of view, Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes demonstrated stable energy harvesting performance after being used many times. It is likely that Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes are available as sustainable and wearable energy harvesting devices.

Abdominal perineal resection (APR) is a surgical procedure for rectal cancer that frequently results in perineal wound surgical site infections (SSI), particularly in high-risk patients undergoing preoperative treatment. SSI after APR is associated with prolonged hospital stay, increased medical costs, and delayed initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy, potentially leading to poor prognosis. Although omentoplasty and myocutaneous flap reconstruction have been used to prevent SSI, they are not always feasible. Prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy (pNPWT) has been shown to reduce SSI in high-risk wounds; however, its efficacy in APR remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of pNPWT in preventing perineal wound SSI after APR. This is a multi-institutional, single-arm trial investigating pNPWT after APR. The study includes patients undergoing APR for malignant rectal tumors who meet the high-risk criteria for SSI. The intervention involves applying the 3M™ Prevena™ Plus Customizable system immediately after perineal skin closure, maintaining pNPWT for up to 7 days. The primary endpoint is the incidence of perineal wound SSI within 30 days. Secondary endpoints include postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade III or higher), hospital stay, and completion proportion of pNPWT. This study seeks to provide clinical evidence of the efficacy of pNPWT in reducing perineal wound SSI after APR. Given its ease of application and minimal invasiveness, pNPWT may serve as an effective approach for SSI prevention. These findings may contribute to the establishment of a standardized preventive approach for perineal wound management after APR.

The effect of the rolling temperature on the room-temperature stretch formability, tensile properties, microstructure, and texture of Mg-4.9Al-0.16Mn (mass%) alloy sheet has been investigated. Rolling at 220°C resulted in the formation of a weakly aligned isotropic texture feature, and the annealed sheet showed splitting of (0001) poles to the rolling direction and broadening of (0001) poles to the transverse direction, leading to an excellent Index Erichsen value of 8.2 mm. The alloy sheet also formed a fine-grained structure with average grain size of ~9 µm, achieving isotropic tensile properties with a moderate 0.2% proof stress of ~ 150 MPa. Quasi-in situ electron backscattered diffraction was employed to study the evolution of the texture, revealing that the suppression of dynamic recrystallization, shear-band-related static recrystallization, and grain growth behavior within the shear bands had a significant impact on the texture weakening.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common adverse event associated with several antineoplastic drugs; however, the precise risks and time course of reactions of particular drugs are not clearly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between anticancer agents and CIPN development using data from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database and to characterize the time-to-onset and outcomes of CIPN. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy was defined using the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities preferred terms. Disproportionality analysis was performed by calculating the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence interval for signal detection. Data of nine Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) drug categories correlated with CIPN development, in addition to the data of the time-to-onset and outcomes. Among 622,289 reports in the JADER database from April 2004 to March 2020, there were 1883 reports of adverse events corresponding to peripheral neuropathy. The ROR (95% confidence interval) for vinblastine, sorbent-based paclitaxel (sb-PTX), oxaliplatin, and bortezomib was 20.4 (12.5–33.4), 13.6 (11.9–15.7), 26.2 (23.6–29.1), and 30.8 (26.6–35.8), respectively. The median duration (interquartile range) to CIPN development after the administration of vinca alkaloids and analogues, taxanes, platinum compounds, and monoclonal antibodies was 11.0 (5.0–46.5), 22.5 (6.0–82.5), 22.0 (6.0–68.5), and 32.5 (11.3–73.8) days, respectively. The median duration (interquartile range) of sb-PTX and nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-PTX was 35.0 (7.0–94.0) and 5.5 (3.0–29.3) days, respectively. Our analysis of records in the JADER database revealed several drugs associated with a high risk for CIPN development. In particular, the development of CIPN after vinca alkaloid administration should be closely monitored for 2 weeks after administration. CIPN caused by nab-PTX showed significantly faster onset than that by sb-PTX. Patients who receive taxanes or monoclonal antibodies often do not show an improvement; accordingly, early treatment is required.

Few investigations have been conducted on the selective stimulation of small-radius unmyelinated C nerves ( ), which are critical to both the recovery of damaged nerves and pain suppression. The purpose of this study is to understand how an anodal pulse in an anodal-first stimulation could improve -selectivity over myelinated nociceptive Aδ nerves ( ) and to further clarify the landscape of the solution space. An adapted Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model and the McIntyre-Richardson-Grill (MRG) model were used for modeling and , respectively, to analyze the underlying ion dynamics and the influence of relevant stimulation waveforms, including monopolar, polarity-symmetric, and asymmetric pulses. The results showed that polarity asymmetric waveforms with preceding anodal stimulations benefit -selectivity the most, underlain by the decrease in the potassium ion current of . The optimal parameters for -selectivity have been identified in the low-frequency band, remarkably benefiting the design of selective stimulation waveforms for the recovery of damaged nerves and pain management.

INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) that present as large jejunal diverticulum-like lesions are exceedingly rare, with only 8 cases reported in the English literature to date. Notably, all previously documented cases were treated via open surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of successful laparoscopic resection of such a lesion. This case contributes novel insight into the management of rare GIST presentations and demonstrates the potential applicability of minimally invasive surgery.CASE PRESENTATION: A man in his 70s was incidentally diagnosed with a large jejunal diverticulum-like structure on abdominal CT. The lesion eventually perforated during follow-up, requiring emergency laparoscopic partial jejunal resection. Due to severe inflammation and infiltration around the lesion, partial colectomy was also required. Intracorporeal anastomoses were performed for both the jejuno-jejunal and colo-colic reconstructions. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of GIST, revealing a 10.2-cm mass that had completely replaced the original jejunal wall structure. The tumor was thought to have arisen from the jejunal muscularis propria and expanded outward, creating a pseudo-diverticular appearance. Postoperative recovery was uneventful; however, multiple liver metastases developed shortly thereafter. The patient was started on imatinib therapy, resulting in a sustained reduction in tumor size.CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates that laparoscopic resection is feasible even for rare and complicated presentations of jejunal GISTs, such as those mimicking large jejunal diverticula. It provides new evidence supporting the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive surgery in emergency settings involving tumor perforation.

Aims Although right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is associated with adverse outcomes in tricuspid regurgitation (TR), the potential role of right atrial (RA) function is unknown. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RA function and clinical outcomes in patients with significant TR. Methods This retrospective study included 169 outpatients with moderate or severe TR due to left‐sided heart diseases who underwent transthoracic echocardiography between June 2020 and April 2023 (average age, 75 ± 10 years; male, 40%). Patients with atrial fibrillation were excluded from this study due to the inaccuracy of the evaluation using 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography. RA function was compared between patients with and without events, which were defined as all‐cause mortality or hospitalization due to heart failure. RA function was calculated as RA global longitudinal strain (RAGLS) with the 2D speckle‐tracking echocardiography. Results During a median follow‐up of 13 months, 19 patients had events (all‐cause mortality: 14 cases, hospitalization due to heart failure: 5 cases). RAGLS was lower in patients with events than in those without events (13% ± 10% vs. 18% ± 9%, P = 0.02). When the patients were categorized into two groups [low RAGLS ≤ 16.2% vs. high RAGLS > 16.2%, high RA volume index (RAVI) ≥ 50 mL/m2 vs. low RAVI < 50 mL/m2], Kaplan–Meier curves showed that patients with low RAGLS had higher event rates than those with high RAGLS (log‐rank test, P = 0.003). Patients with high RAVI had higher event rates than those with low RAVI (log‐rank test, P < 0.001). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, low RAGLS (≤16.2%) was significantly associated with events in a model that included RV dysfunction (RV fractional area change ≤ 35%) or high RAVI (≥50 mL/m2) (hazard ratio: 4.55, 95% confidence interval: 1.51–13.71, P < 0.01; hazard ratio: 4.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.52–13.79, P < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions RAGLS is associated with all‐cause mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure in patients with significant TR. Our results suggest that RA function is a sensitive marker for identifying the risk stratification of significant TR.