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عبارات \غامضة\ عن الصين : مقالات في الجغرافيا البشرية
هذا الكتاب هو الجزء الأول من سلسلة كتب \"الحكمة الصينية\" ويأتي تحت عنوان (عبارات \"غامضة\" عن الصين : مقالات في الجغرافيا البشرية)، وجمع بين دفتيه ما مجموعة أربعة عشر مصطلحا متعلقا بالجغرافيا البشرية، ومن بينها \"الأقاليم التسعة\"، \"العالم\"، \"النهر الأصفر\"، \"سور الصين العظيم\"، \"المدينة\"، \"و\"العاصمة\"، وغيرها، ويتمثل الغرض الرئيسي للكتاب في تعريف الأطفال بالجغرافيا الصينية التقليدية، وتعميم معارف الجغرافيا البشرية في نفس الوقت، وهو الأمر الذي يترك الأطفال يستكشفون المعنى الثقافي وراء المصطلحات والمفردات الشائعة.
Book
Differential Game Model for a Dual-Channel Supply Chain’s Optimal Strategy under the Reference Carbon Emission Effect
Taking into account the impact of time factors on emission reductions and brand reputation, the reference carbon emission effect and dual-channel supply chain are incorporated into a unified analysis framework. We applied differential game theory to build models under centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making. The aim of the research is to explore the strategies of a single manufacturer and a single retailer on product pricing, low-carbon production, and advertising. The research analyses the impact of reference carbon emission effects, cost coefficients, and interchannel substitutable coefficients on profits. In order to alleviate the double marginal effect brought about by decentralized decision-making, a cost-compensation coordination mechanism is proposed. The conclusions are as follows. First, centralized decision-making is the optimal decision-making mode, but further consultation is required to implement it voluntarily by both parties. Second, a cost-recovery contract occurs when the fixed fee that the retailer gives the manufacturer meets certain conditions. The contract can make the retailer’s advertising investment reach the level of centralized decision-making and improve the member’s profit under the decentralized decision-making. The coordination mechanism is effective. Third, the reference carbon emission effect can bring about an increase in the manufacturer’s low-carbon production input and profits. The retailer’s advertising investment is not affected by the reference carbon emission effect. Fourth, wholesale prices and online or offline retail prices are all positively correlated with the market share of the channel. The price-substitution coefficient between channels is positively correlated with both low-carbon inputs and profits.
Journal Article
Machine learning based early warning system enables accurate mortality risk prediction for COVID-19
Soaring cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are pummeling the global health system. Overwhelmed health facilities have endeavored to mitigate the pandemic, but mortality of COVID-19 continues to increase. Here, we present a mortality risk prediction model for COVID-19 (MRPMC) that uses patients’ clinical data on admission to stratify patients by mortality risk, which enables prediction of physiological deterioration and death up to 20 days in advance. This ensemble model is built using four machine learning methods including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boosted Decision Tree, and Neural Network. We validate MRPMC in an internal validation cohort and two external validation cohorts, where it achieves an AUC of 0.9621 (95% CI: 0.9464–0.9778), 0.9760 (0.9613–0.9906), and 0.9246 (0.8763–0.9729), respectively. This model enables expeditious and accurate mortality risk stratification of patients with COVID-19, and potentially facilitates more responsive health systems that are conducive to high risk COVID-19 patients.
Methods to stratify patients according to mortality risk are essential to allocate limited heath resources during the COVID-19 crisis. Here, using machine learning methods, the authors present a mortality risk prediction model for COVID-19 that uses patients’ clinical data on admission to stratify patients by mortality risk.
Journal Article
Bladder cancer stage-associated hub genes revealed by WGCNA co-expression network analysis
Background
Bladder cancer was a malignant disease in patients, our research aimed at discovering the possible biomarkers for the diseases.
Results
The gene chip GSE31684, including 93samples, was downloaded from the GEO datasets and co-expression network was constructed by the data. Molecular complex detection(MCODE) was used to identify hub genes. The most significant cluster including 16 genes:
CDH11
,
COL3A1
,
COL6A3
,
COL5A1
,
AEBP1
,
COL1A2
,
NTM
,
COL11A1
,
THBS2
,
COL8A1
,
COL1A1
,
BGN
,
MMP2
,
PXDN
,
THY1
, and
TGFB1I1
was identified. After annotated by BiNGO, they were suggested associated with collagen fibril organization and blood vessel development. In addition, the Kaplan Meier curves were obtained by UALCAN. The high expression of
THY1
,
AEBP1
,
CDH11
,
COL1A1
,
COL1A2
,
COL11A1
,
MMP2
,
PXDN
,
BGN
,
COL5A1, COL8A1
, and
TGFB1I1
indicated poor prognosis of the patients(
P
< 0.05). Finally, we examined genes’ expression between low and high tumor stage by the Wilcoxon test(P < 0.05),
TGFB1I1
was excluded.
Conclusion
THY1, AEBP1, CDH11, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL11A1, MMP2, PXDN, BGN, COL5A1, COL8A1
associated with the tumor stage as well as tumor patients’ prognosis
. COL5A1, COL8A1
(
P
< 0.01) may serve as therapeutic targets for the disease.
Journal Article
Prediction of Implantable Collamer Lens Vault Based on Preoperative Biometric Factors and Lens Parameters
Purpose:
To establish and validate the accuracy of implantable collamer lens (ICL) vault size prediction formula based on preoperative biometric factors and lens parameters.
Methods:
This study included 300 patients (300 eyes) with Visian ICL V4c (STAAR Surgical) implantation. They were randomly divided into the formula establishment group and formula validation group. Anterior segment measurements, ICL V4c size and power, and vault 1 week postoperatively were collected from all patients. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to establish the prediction formula. Mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and Bland-Altman diagrams were used to evaluate the prediction formula.
Results:
Anterior chamber depth (ACD) had the greatest influence on vault 1 week after ICL V4c implantation, followed by ICL V4c size and angle-to-angle distance (ATA). The prediction formula was obtained according to the partial regression coefficient, which was vault (mm) = −1.279 + 0.291 × ACD (mm) + 0.210 × ICL V4c size (mm) – 0.144 × ATA (mm) (R2 = 0.661). In the formula validation group, the mean predictive vault, MAE, MedAE, and RMSE were 628.10, 135.09, 130.42, and 150.46 µm, respectively. The Bland-Altman diagram showed the predictive vault was in good agreement with the actual vault.
Conclusions:
A novel ICL V4c vault prediction formula was developed and shown to be an effective method for predicting the vault to reduce surgical complications.
[J Refract Surg. 2023;39(5):332–339.]
Journal Article
Proteomic analysis of watery saliva secreted by white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera
The white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera, is a phloem sap feeder that secretes watery and gelling saliva during feeding. In this study, we identified the major proteins in watery saliva of S. furcifera by shotgun LC-MS/MS analysis combined with transcriptomic analysis. A total of 161 proteins were identified, which were divided into 8 function categories, including enzymes, transporter, calcium ion binding protein, salivary sheath protein, cytoskeleton protein, DNA-, RNA-, and protein-binding or regulating proteins, other non-enzyme proteins and unknown proteins. Gene expression pattern of 11 secretory proteins were analyzed by real time quantitative-PCR. We detected the mucin-like protein, which had a unique expression level in salivary gland, most likely to be a candidate effector involved in regulation of plant defense. This study identified the watery saliva component of S. furcifera and it provided a list of proteins which may play a role in interaction between S. furcifera and rice.
Journal Article
APOE4 Exacerbates Alzheimer‐Like Pathologies and Cognitive Deficits Induced by Blood‐Derived Aβ in a Mouse Model
ABSTRACT
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is a significant risk for both familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) and sporadic AD with elusive mechanisms. Previous studies mainly focused on the role of APOE4 in familial AD, with less attention to sporadic AD. Our previous study demonstrated that blood cell‐derived amyloid‐β (Aβ) can enter the brain and induce AD‐like pathologies, providing a novel animal model to study sporadic AD to a certain extent. The impacts of APOE4 on Alzheimer‐like pathologies and cognitive deficits induced by blood‐derived Aβ remain unknown. In the present study, we found that APOE4 prompted the entry of blood Aβ into the brain. APOE4 recipient mice showed impaired integrity of the blood–brain barrier and higher Aβ levels in the brain after transplantation of bone marrow cells from APP/PS1•APOE4 mice. In addition, we observed that the APOE4 recipient mice displayed aggravated tau hyperphosphorylation, neuronal degeneration, neuroinflammation, and behavioral deficits at the age of 12 months. Our study demonstrates that APOE4 is capable of facilitating the entry of blood‐derived Aβ into the brain and enhancing the AD‐like pathologies triggered by blood‐derived Aβ. Our findings provide a possible way by which APOE4 elevates the risk of sporadic AD.
APOE4 promotes the entry of blood‐derived Aβ into the brain and impairs microglial phagocytosis of Aβ. Additionally, APOE4 elevates cerebral Aβ levels and exacerbates blood‐derived Aβ‐induced cognitive deficits.
Journal Article
Surgery combined with antibiotics for the treatment of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by liver abscess
Backgrounds
Endogenous endophthalmitis is a serious disease caused by intraocular infection that can rapidly progress to cause blindness. This study evaluated the clinical features, surgical and antibiotics treatment strategies, and treatment outcomes in patients with endophthalmitis caused by liver abscess.
Methods
Between April 2014 and April 2019, the clinical data of 16 patients (19 eyes) with endophthalmitis associated with liver abscess who underwent surgery at Shengjing Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Furthermore, we evaluated the final visual outcomes in the patients to determine the efficacy of surgery.
Results
Fifteen patients (18 eyes) underwent intravitreal injection followed by vitrectomy after admission. One patient (1 eye) only underwent intravitreal injection. Of the 16 patients, 3 patients (3 eyes) had recurrent intraocular inflammation and eventually underwent evisceration. Systemic antibiotics were administered for all patients based on the results of vitreous humor culture, blood culture, and antibiotic susceptibility tests. Outpatient follow-ups were performed until the patients were stable (6 months). Of the 19 eyes, 1 eye (5%) had visual acuity restored to 20/200, 6 eyes (31%) had visual acuity restored to counting fingers (CF), 2 eyes (11%) had visual acuity restored to hand motion (HM), 4 eyes (22%) showed only light perception (LP), and the remaining 6 eyes (31%) showed no light perception (NLP). Drug susceptibility tests suggested that the carbapenems exhibited significant effects in the inflammatory reaction.
Conclusion
Endogenous endophthalmitis caused by liver abscess is a very serious condition, and the final visual outcome is poor. Timely surgical intervention combined with antibiotic treatment is essential, and the primary disease must be treated to control disease progression at the earliest.
Journal Article
Roles of the BRD4 short isoform in phase separation and active gene transcription
BRD4, a major tandem-bromodomain-containing transcription regulator, has two isoforms. The long isoform (BRD4L) has an extended C terminus that binds transcription cofactors, while the short isoform (BRD4S) lacks this C-terminal extension. Unlike BRD4L, the role of BRD4S in gene transcription remains unclear. Here, we report that, in human cancer cells, BRD4S forms nuclear puncta that possess liquid-like properties and that colocalize with BRD4L, MED1 and sites of histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation. BRD4 puncta are correlated with BRD4S but not BRD4L expression levels. BRD4S knockdown reduces BRD4S condensation, and ectopic expression promotes puncta formation and target gene transcription. BRD4S nuclear condensation is mediated by its intrinsically disordered regions and binding of its bromodomains to DNA and acetylated chromatin, respectively, and BRD4S phosphorylation diminishes BRD4 condensation. Our study illuminates a previously unappreciated role of BRD4S in organizing chromatin and transcription factors through phase separation to sustain gene transcription in chromatin for cancer cell proliferation.A combination of cellular, in vitro phase separation and functional assays shows that the intrinsically disordered regions and bromodomains of the BRD4 short isoform induce formation of liquid-like condensates in cancer cell nuclei and enhance transcriptional activity.
Journal Article