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Although social media is widely recognized as necessary for promoting sustainable food consumption, the theoretical essence of its social influence has yet to be clarified. This research establishes a mutually beneficial model for sustainable food consumption, drawing on Social Influence Theory and Value Theory. The study collected data from an online survey of 15 experts in sustainable food and 311 consumers and analyzed it through a hybrid three-stage approach of fuzzy Delphi, PLS-SEM, and ANN. The results indicate that subjective norms, group norms, and social identity positively influence egoistic and altruistic values, promoting sustainable food consumption. In comparison, social identity has a more important impact on sustainable food consumption, followed by subjective norms and group norms. Usage and value barriers are the main obstacles to sustainable consumption in China, with value barriers moderating the relationship between altruistic value and sustainable food consumption. This study offers innovative approaches to leveraging information technology for achieving sustainable development goals. It holds substantial practical value for stakeholders, including food marketers, government policymakers, and social advocates, providing actionable insights into optimizing marketing strategies, implementing policy incentives, and promoting a culture of sustainable food consumption.

Flowering plants have evolved numerous intraspecific and interspecific prezygotic reproductive barriers to prevent production of unfavourable offspring 1 . Within a species, self-incompatibility (SI) is a widely utilized mechanism that rejects self-pollen 2 , 3 to avoid inbreeding depression. Interspecific barriers restrain breeding between species and often follow the SI × self-compatible (SC) rule, that is, interspecific pollen is unilaterally incompatible (UI) on SI pistils but unilaterally compatible (UC) on SC pistils 1 , 4 – 6 . The molecular mechanisms underlying SI, UI, SC and UC and their interconnections in the Brassicaceae remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that the SI pollen determinant S -locus cysteine-rich protein/ S -locus protein 11 (SCR/SP11) 2 , 3 or a signal from UI pollen binds to the SI female determinant S -locus receptor kinase (SRK) 2 , 3 , recruits FERONIA (FER) 7 – 9 and activates FER-mediated reactive oxygen species production in SI stigmas 10 , 11 to reject incompatible pollen. For compatible responses, diverged pollen coat protein B-class 12 – 14 from SC and UC pollen differentially trigger nitric oxide, nitrosate FER to suppress reactive oxygen species in SC stigmas to facilitate pollen growth in an intraspecies-preferential manner, maintaining species integrity. Our results show that SRK and FER integrate mechanisms underlying intraspecific and interspecific barriers and offer paths to achieve distant breeding in Brassicaceae crops. A signalling mechanism ensuring intraspecies and interspecies reproductive barriers in flowering plants is uncovered.

Receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is expressed during embryogenesis and by certain leukemias, but not by normal adult tissues. Here we show that the neoplastic cells of many human breast cancers express the ROR1 protein and high-level expression of ROR1 in breast adenocarcinoma was associated with aggressive disease. Silencing expression of ROR1 in human breast cancer cell lines found to express this protein impaired their growth in vitro and also in immune-deficient mice. We found that ROR1 could interact with casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε) to activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated AKT phosphorylation and cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB), which was associated with enhanced tumor-cell growth. Wnt5a, a ligand of ROR1, could induce ROR1-dependent signaling and enhance cell growth. This study demonstrates that ROR1 is expressed in human breast cancers and has biological and clinical significance, indicating that it may be a potential target for breast cancer therapy.

Ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. It plays a crucial role in various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, ischemia–reperfusion injury, and organ failure. This review systematically explores the key mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, including polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipid (PUFA-PL) peroxidation, iron metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, we summarize major endogenous ferroptosis defense systems, including the SLC7A11-glutathione (GSH)-glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis, the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1)-ubiquinol (CoQH₂) system, the mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)-CoQH₂ pathway, and the guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1)-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) pathway, which act as critical brakes on ferroptosis. Furthermore, we discuss various small-molecule inhibitors targeting ferroptosis, categorized by their mechanisms of action, including iron chelators, lipid peroxidation inhibitors, antioxidants, and regulatory pathway modulators. Recent advances in pharmacological strategies and their potential therapeutic applications are also highlighted.

Histone deacetylase-5 (HDAC5) is implicated in the pathogenesis of depression and the mechanistic pathways underlying the effects of antidepressant medications. We previously identified a novel HDAC5 inhibitor, T2943, with antidepressant properties that promote histone 3 lysine-14 acetylation (H3K14ac) by inhibiting HDAC5 activity. In this study, we identify the core genes promoting transcription and expression following T2943-mediated upregulation of H3K14ac, highlighting Grid1 (GluD1) as a central gene. We used cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&Tag), gene set enrichment analysis, and behavioral tests after GRID1 (glutamate receptor delta-1 subunit) knockdown. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis via CUT&Tag suggested the following mechanism for the antidepressant action of T2943: T2943 inhibits HDAC5 activity to promote H3K14 acetylation. This modification loosens the chromatin structure, allowing transcription factors to bind to the Grid1 promoter region and enhance its transcription and expression. Upregulated GRID1 mediates signal transmission in neural pathways, restores the regenerative ability of hippocampal nerve cells, promotes nerve growth and synaptic formation, increases synapse numbers, and enhances synaptic function. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting HDAC5 in depression and clarify the antidepressant mechanism of T2943.

The coordinated development of urban human settlements and the economy is a crucial indicator for assessing regional development and is essential for achieving sustainable high-quality development. Therefore, urban planning and management need to introduce scientific concepts to achieve a win–win situation for both the economy and the environment. (1) Background: Since the reform and opening up of China’s economy, it has undergone rapid development and urbanization. However, the improvement of human settlements has not kept pace. Some regions pursue economic development while neglecting environmental construction. To achieve a win–win situation for both the economy and the environment, urban planning and management need to incorporate scientific concepts. (2) Methods: This paper adopts a literature analysis method to construct a coupling coordination model and evaluate the level of coupling coordination between urban human settlements and economic development in 31 provinces and cities in China from 2011 to 2021. (3) Results: The level of coupling coordination has gradually increased year by year, but there are significant regional differences, with the East outperforming the West. Spatial analysis reveals a positive spatial correlation, indicating that provinces with similar development levels tend to cluster together. (4) Conclusions: The degree of economic outwardness, industrial structure, and residents’ income and consumption system are the main internal obstacles, while economic strength, urbanization, technological innovation, and human capital are positive external factors.

Herein we investigated the morphology, chemical characteristics, and source apportionment of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) samples collected from five sites in Jiaxing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that soot aggregates and coal-fired fly ash were generally the most abundant components in the samples. All the samples were analyzed gravimetrically for mass concentrations and their various compositions were determined. Our results revealed that the PM 2.5 concentrations in the samples were in the following order: winter > spring > autumn > summer. The PM 2.5 concentrations in winter and spring were higher than those in autumn and summer, except for inorganic elements. Carbonaceous species and water-soluble inorganic ions were the most abundant components in the samples, accounting for 26.17–50.44% and 34.27–49.6%, respectively. The high secondary organic carbon/organic carbon ratio indicated that secondary organic pollution in Jiaxing was severe. The average ratios of NO 3 − /SO 4 2− , ranging from 1.01 to 1.25 at the five sites, indicated that mobile pollution sources contributed more to the formation of PM 2.5 than stationary sources. The BeP/(BeP + BaP) ratio (0.52–0.71) in samples reflected the influence of transportation from outside of Jiaxing. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model identified eight main pollution sources: secondary nitrates (26.95%), secondary sulfates (15.49%), secondary organic aerosol (SOA) (19.64%), vehicle exhaust (15.67%), coal combustion (8.6%), fugitive dust (7.7%), ships and heavy oil (5.23%), biomass burning, and other sources (0.91%). Therefore, PM 2.5 pollution in Jiaxing during the winter and spring seasons was more severe than that in the summer and autumn. Secondary aerosols were the most important source of PM 2.5 pollution; therefore, focus should be placed on controlling gaseous precursors.

Excessive DNA damage triggers various types of programmed cell death (PCD), yet the regulatory mechanism of DNA damage-induced cell death is not fully understood. Here, we report that PANoptosis, a coordinated PCD pathway, including pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis, is activated by DNA damage. The Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is the apical sensor of PANoptosis and essential for PANoptosome assembly in response to DNA damage. We find endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are activated by DNA damage and act as ligands for ZBP1 to trigger PANoptosis. By using ZBP1 knock-out and knock-in mice disrupting ZBP1 nucleic acid-binding activity, we demonstrate that ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis contributes to the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, which is dependent on ZBP1 nucleic acid-binding activity. We found that ZBP1 expression is downregulated in tumor tissue. Furthermore, in colorectal cancer patients, dsRNA is induced by chemotherapy and sensed by ZBP1 in normal colonic tissues, suggesting ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis is activated by chemotherapy in normal tissues. Our findings indicate that ZBP1-mediated PANoptosis is activated by DNA damage and contributes to the toxic side effects of DNA-damage-based chemotherapy. These data suggest that ZBP1 could be a promising therapeutic target to alleviate chemotherapy-related side effects.

Necroptosis and ferroptosis are two distinct forms of necrotic-like cell death in terms of their morphological features and regulatory mechanisms. These two types of cell death can coexist in disease and contribute to pathological processes. Inhibition of both necroptosis and ferroptosis has been shown to enhance therapeutic effects in treating complex necrosis-related diseases. However, targeting both necroptosis and ferroptosis by a single compound can be challenging, as these two forms of cell death involve distinct molecular pathways. In this study, we discovered that KW-2449, a previously described necroptosis inhibitor, also prevented ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KW-2449 inhibited ferroptosis by targeting the autophagy pathway. We further identified that KW-2449 functioned as a ULK1 (Unc-51-like kinase 1) inhibitor to block ULK1 kinase activity in autophagy. Remarkably, we found that Necrostatin-1, a classic necroptosis inhibitor that has been shown to prevent ferroptosis, also targets the autophagy pathway to suppress ferroptosis. This study provides the first understanding of how necroptosis inhibitors can prevent ferroptosis and suggests that autophagy is a targetable pathway for necroptosis inhibitors to prevent ferroptosis. Therefore, the identification and design of pharmaceutical molecules that target the autophagy pathway from necroptosis inhibitors is a promising strategy to develop dual inhibitors of necroptosis and ferroptosis in clinical application.

With the increment of working temperature in magneto-rheological (MR) absorber, the performance of the absorber will be significantly degraded. In order to improve the performance (MR) absorber considering the negative effect on output damping force, the six σ robust optimal method is proposed. The maximum damping force, the dynamic range, the power dissipation, and the fail-safe ability are analyzed in the optimal process. The fluctuations of several key geometrical parameters due to manufacturing tolerances or other uncontrollable factors are also considered to achieve the optimal objective. To increase computing efficiency of the optimal design procedure, the magnetic field model based on the response surface method is utilized to predict the distribution of the magnetic field intensity. The adaptive simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the non-linear optimal problem. The numerical results show that the perturbation of output force can be reduced while the temperature is fluctuating, which means that the optimization process can alleviate the damping force’s sensitivity to the temperature fluctuation and increase the robust of the absorber. Subsequently, the performances of the semi-active suspension with the optimized absorber under different loads and temperatures are analyzed and the effectiveness of the optimization algorithm is confirmed.