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"Yu, Min"
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An AI-driven tools assessment framework for english teachers using the Fuzzy Delphi algorithm and deep learning
English literature and linguistics have long served as foundational disciplines in humanities education, cultivating critical analysis, linguistic proficiency, and cultural interpretation. Conventional teaching methods struggle to meet diverse learner needs, ensure consistent engagement, and provide personalized academic feedback. To improve learning with the help of modern techniques, this study proposes a comprehensive, multi-technique Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven tools assessment framework aimed at enhancing English pedagogy through the integration of advanced artificial intelligence tools. The research work includes adaptation of a mixed-methods research design incorporating classroom case studies, in-depth interviews, and analysis of students’ documents to evaluate their learnings. The framework employed statistical techniques to validate significant relationships among engagement, tool usage, and learning clarity. Key evaluation criteria is captured using the Fuzzy Delphi Technique which identifies high-importance attributes such as AI usage, usability, and analytical quality. Moreover, eXplainable AI (XAI) techniques including LIME and SHAP applied to enhance model transparency, offering both global and local interpretability of outcomes. To predict pedagogical effectiveness, a deep learning Bi-LSTM model was trained, achieving 90% accuracy, 92% precision, 93% recall, and 92% F1-score across key performance metrics for the usage analysis of AI-based tools.
Journal Article
Role of Goblet Cells in Intestinal Barrier and Mucosal Immunity
Goblet cells and the mucus they secrete serve as an important barrier, preventing pathogens from invading the mucosa to cause intestinal inflammation. The perspective regarding goblet cells and mucus has changed, with current evidence suggesting that they are not passive but play a positive role in maintaining intestinal tract immunity and mucosal homeostasis. Goblet cells could obtain luminal antigens, presenting them to the underlying antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that induces adaptive immune responses. Various immunomodulatory factors can promote the differentiation and maturation of goblet cells, and the secretion of mucin. The abnormal proliferation and differentiation of goblet cells, as well as the deficiency synthesis and secretion of mucins, result in intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. This review provides an extensive outline of the signaling pathways that regulate goblet cell proliferation and differentiation and control mucins synthesis and secretion to elucidate how altering these pathways affects goblet functionality. Furthermore, the interaction between mucins and goblet cells in intestinal mucosal immunology is described. Therefore, the contribution of goblet cells and mucus in promoting gut defense and homeostasis is illustrated, while clarifying the regulatory mechanisms involved may allow the development of new therapeutic strategies for intestinal disorders. Keywords: goblet cell, intestinal tract, intestinal barrier, mucosal immunity, cytokine, Mucin2
Journal Article
Cr dopant mediates hydroxyl spillover on RuO2 for high-efficiency proton exchange membrane electrolysis
Simultaneously improving the activity and stability of catalysts for anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) remains a notable challenge. Here, we report a chromium-doped ruthenium dioxide with oxygen vacancies, termed Cr
0.2
Ru
0.8
O
2-x
, that drives OER with an overpotential of 170 mV at 10 mA cm
−2
and operates stably over 2000 h in acidic media. Experimental and theoretical studies show that the synergy of Cr dopant and oxygen vacancy induces an unconventional dopant-mediated hydroxyl spillover mechanism. Such dynamic hydroxyl spillover from Cr dopant to Ru active site changes the rate-determining step from OOH* formation to O
2
formation and thus greatly improves the OER performance. Moreover, the Cr dopant and oxygen vacancy also play a crucial role in stabilizing surface Ru and lattice oxygen in the Ru-O-Cr structural motif. When assembled into the anode of a practical PEMWE device, Cr
0.2
Ru
0.8
O
2-x
enables long-term durability of over 200 h at an ampere-level current density and 60 degrees centigrade.
Developing highly active and stable anode catalysts for green hydrogen production is crucial but challenging. Here, the authors report a Cr0.2Ru0.8O2-x catalyst with an unconventional dopant-mediated hydroxyl spillover mechanism for high-efficiency proton exchange membrane water electrolysis.
Journal Article
Bionic gliding underwater robots : design, control, and implementation
\"Underwater robots play a significant role in ocean exploration. This book provides full coverage of the theoretical and practical aspects of bionic gliding underwater robots, including system design, modeling control and motion planning. To overcome the inherent shortcomings of traditional underwater robots that can simultaneously lack maneuverability and endurance, a new type of robot, the bionic gliding underwater robot, has attracted much attention from scientists and engineers. On the one hand, by imitating the appearance and swimming mechanisms of natural creatures, bionic gliding underwater robots achieve high maneuverability, swimming efficiency, and strong concealment. On the other hand, borrowing from the buoyancy adjustment systems of underwater gliders, bionic gliding underwater robots can obtain strong endurance, which is significant in practical applications. Taking gliding robotic dolphin and fish as examples, the designed prototypes and proposed methods are discussed, offering valuable insights into the development of next-generation underwater robots that are well-suited for various oceanic applications. This book will be of great interest to students and professionals alike in the field of robotics or intelligent control. It will also be a great reference for engineers or technicians who deal with the development of underwater robots\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
The Development of Maillard Reaction, and Advanced Glycation End Product (AGE)-Receptor for AGE (RAGE) Signaling Inhibitors as Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Patients with AGE-Related Diseases
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are generated by nonenzymatic modifications of macromolecules (proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) by saccharides (glucose, fructose, and pentose) via Maillard reaction. The formed AGE molecules can be catabolized and cleared by glyoxalase I and II in renal proximal tubular cells. AGE-related diseases include physiological aging, neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications, autoimmune/rheumatic inflammatory diseases, bone-degenerative diseases, and chronic renal diseases. AGEs, by binding to receptors for AGE (RAGEs), alter innate and adaptive immune responses to induce inflammation and immunosuppression via the generation of proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI). These pathological molecules cause vascular endothelial/smooth muscular/connective tissue-cell and renal mesangial/endothelial/podocytic-cell damage in AGE-related diseases. In the present review, we first focus on the cellular and molecular bases of AGE–RAGE axis signaling pathways in AGE-related diseases. Then, we discuss in detail the modes of action of newly discovered novel biomolecules and phytochemical compounds, such as Maillard reaction and AGE–RAGE signaling inhibitors. These molecules are expected to become the new therapeutic strategies for patients with AGE-related diseases in addition to the traditional hypoglycemic and anti-hypertensive agents. We particularly emphasize the importance of “metabolic memory”, the “French paradox”, and the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic dosing of the effective natural compounds associated with pharmacogenetics in the treatment of AGE-related diseases. Lastly, we propose prospective investigations for solving the enigmas in AGE-mediated pathological effects.
Journal Article
Persistence Curves: A canonical framework for summarizing persistence diagrams
Persistence diagrams are one of the main tools in the field of Topological Data Analysis (TDA). They contain fruitful information about the shape of data. The use of machine learning algorithms on the space of persistence diagrams proves to be challenging as the space lacks an inner product. For that reason, transforming these diagrams in a way that is compatible with machine learning is an important topic currently researched in TDA. In this paper, our main contribution consists of three components. First, we develop a general and unifying framework of vectorizing diagrams that we call the Persistence Curves (PCs), and show that several well-known summaries, such as Persistence Landscapes, fall under the PC framework. Second, we propose several new summaries based on PC framework and provide a theoretical foundation for their stability analysis. Finally, we apply proposed PCs to two applications—texture classification and determining the parameters of a discrete dynamical system; their performances are competitive with other TDA methods.
Journal Article