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Herein we report superior dye-adsorption performance for flower-like nanostructure composed of two dimensional (2D) MoS 2 nanosheets by a facile hydrothermal method, more prominent adsorption of cationic dye compared with anodic dye indicates the dye adsorption performance strongly depends on surface charge of MoS 2 nanosheets. The adsorption mechanism of dye is analyzed, the kinetic data of dye adsorption fit well with the pseudo-second-order model, meanwhile adsorption capability at different equilibrium concentrations follows Langmuir model, indicating the favorability and feasibility of dye adsorption. The regenerable property for MoS 2 with full adsorption of dye molecules by using alkaline solution were demonstrated, showing the feasibility of reuse for the MoS 2 , which is promising in its practical water treatment application.

Visual inspection technology has been widely employed for identifying external hazards in transmission corridors. However, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) exhibit limitations in multi-scale target detection within complex environments while struggling to balance accuracy and lightweight design. To address these issues, we propose a lightweight cross-scale detection model, called EDS-DETR. First, we improve the ResNet18 backbone by integrating the efficient multi-scale attention module with partial convolutions to improve the computational efficiency and representational capability. Second, DySample is introduced into the encoder to efficiently restore feature resolution of inspection images with minimal computational cost, meanwhile preserving feature details and enhancing dynamic perception capability. Finally, we adopt the shapeIoU loss function to enhance the detection accuracy of external hazards and accelerate model convergence. Experiments on a self-built dataset show that the proposed EDS-DETR model achieves precision, recall, and mAP@0.5 scores of 91.4%, 85.1%, and 93.1%, respectively. Notably, our method exhibits significant advantages in model efficiency, requiring 13.4% fewer parameters and 14.8% reduced model size compared to baseline approaches. Furthermore, EDS-DETR achieves an inference speed of 190 FPS, which satisfies the real-time requirement. The experimental results prove the effectiveness and practicability of the EDS-DETR model, contributing to the enhancement of reliability and safety in power transmission.

In this study, polyacrylic acid modified filter paper (FP/PAA) was synthesized by in-situ polymerization of acrylic acid, which was used as a matrix to chelate nano-scale zero valent iron (nZVI). The loading content of nZVI in the filter paper reached 24.8%. The fabricated composite FP/PAA/nZVI was characterized by SEM, FT-IR and TGA respectively. Moreover, it was used for the removal of methyl blue and methylene blue as model anionic and cationic dyes. The effect of initial dye concentration on decolorization efficiency was investigated. The results showed that FP/PAA/nZVI enhanced the removal of dye from the simulated dye wastewater and the decolorization efficiency exceeded 95% for the dye solutions lower than 20 mg/L. More importantly, the filter paper supported nZVI realized the continuous treatment of simulated dye wastewater by a simple filtration process. This study hopes to serve as a basis for the application of nZVI in textile wastewater treatment.

To evaluate the associations and comparative performance of novel anthropometric and metabolic indices with osteopenia and osteoporosis among middle-aged and older Chinese adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 10,142 Chinese adults aged ≥ 45 years who underwent quantitative computed tomography (QCT) for lumbar spine BMD assessment. Participants were categorized as normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Associations and predictive capabilities of anthropometric indices were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. The prevalences of osteopenia and osteoporosis were 35.14% and 14.05%, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), relative fat mass (RFM), a body shape index (ABSI), triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were found to be independently associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Among all indices, WWI demonstrated the strongest predictive value for osteoporosis (area under the curve = 0.726), followed by RFM and ABSI. In contrast, BMI and the visceral adiposity index (VAI) showed no significant associations with low BMD. Indices associated with central adiposity and metabolic dysfunction, especially WWI, may provide more precise prediction of osteoporosis risk. Incorporating such indices into early risk stratification for osteoporosis among older Chinese adults may have potential clinical utility.

Background The global aging trend has intensified chronic disease burdens, widened healthcare access disparities, and exacerbated unmet care needs. Internet‑based Healthcare Services (IHS) present a promising strategy to address these challenges. This study investigates the prevalence and determinants of IHS use, as well as the primary motivations and barriers to adoption among adults aged 50 years and older in mainland China. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2021 among adults aged 50 years and older in mainland China. Participants ( N  = 560) were recruited through random sampling on an online platform. Logistic regression models were used to identify predisposing, need, and enabling factors associated with IHS use. Results Only 17.14% of respondents reported using IHS, with online medical consultation being the most common (38.5%). Respondents aged between 50 and 59 years (AOR = 4,975 [95% CI 1.224–19.608]), urban residents (AOR = 6.056 [95% CI 1.689–21.713]), higher income (AOR = 3.862 [95% CI 1.822–8.186]), chronic conditions (AOR = 5.567 [95% CI 2.167–14.301]), delays in seeking healthcare (AOR = 5.323 [95% CI 2.866–9.888]), mobility difficulties (AOR = 9.802 [95% CI 4.005–23.993]), positive attitude (AOR = 3.038 [95% CI 1.039–8.884]) were more likely to use IHS, after adjusting for other variables. The main barriers to IHS use included distrust and uncertainty about describing symptoms online. Conclusion Low levels of IHS use were observed among middle-aged and elderly populations in mainland China. Although IHS can benefit individuals with high healthcare needs or mobility limitations, income-related and urban–rural inequalities in IHS use persist. Addressing trust issues and enhancing digital literacy among the elderly are essential for the widespread and effective development of IHS.

Background In the context of ongoing global challenges, such as pandemics, climate change, and armed conflicts, the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) is confronted with multiple risks. Effectively addressing these challenges has become a pivotal issue in global health governance. This study seeks to analyze the association between the rule of law (ROL) and health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Methods A cross-sectional ecological design was employed to investigate the association between the ROL Index and health-related indicators, including life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, and 13 indicators under SDG 3. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for gross national income (GNI) per capita, current health expenditure (CHE), total population, urbanization, and the Gender Gap Index (GGI). Subgroup analyses were further performed to assess the potential influence of national income levels on these associations. Results The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ROL Index was markedly correlated with 15 health-related indicators. After adjusting for confounders, the ROL Index was positively associated with life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, DTP3 immunization coverage, and the density of medical doctors, nursing and midwifery personnel, and pharmacists. It was also negatively associated with adolescent birth rate. Subgroup analyses further revealed that the associations of the ROL Index with DTP3 immunization coverage, adolescent birth rate, and the density of nursing and midwifery personnel varied across national income levels. Conclusions This study is the first to identify the significant associations between the ROL and critical health outcomes, the health workforce, and immunization service indicators under the SDG 3 framework. It suggests that the ROL is an effective yet underestimated and underutilized tool for advancing global health. Policymakers should prioritize strengthening national legal frameworks and integrating ROL principles into health systems. These integrated efforts should focus on tackling corruption, executing public legal education, protecting the rights of health workers, eradicating workplace discrimination, and improving sexuality education and reproductive healthcare in low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Resveratrol has neuroprotective effects for ischemic cerebral stroke. However, its neuroprotective mechanism for stroke is less well understood. Beneficial actions of the activated Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in stroke, such as improving neurological function, promoting neurogenesis, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic effects, have been noted, but relatively little is known about the role of Shh signaling in resveratrol-reduced cerebral ischemic injury after stroke. The present study tests whether the Shh pathway mediates resveratrol to decrease cerebral ischemic injury and improve neurological function after stroke. We observed that resveratrol pretreatment significantly improved neurological function, decreased infarct volume, enhanced vitality, and reduced apoptosis of neurons in vivo and vitro after stroke. Meanwhile, expression levels of Shh, Ptc-1, Smo, and Gli-1 mRNAs were significantly upregulated and Gli-1 was relocated to the nucleus. Intriguingly, in vivo and in vitro inhibition of the Shh signaling pathway with cyclopamine, a Smo inhibitor, completely reversed the above effects of resveratrol. These results suggest that decreased cerebral ischemic injury and improved neurological function by resveratrol may be mediated by the Shh signaling pathway.

There is considerable interest in the use of drugs and other methods for protecting implanted neural stem cells (NSCs) from the adverse environment of injured tissue for successful cell therapy. Resveratrol can modify cardiac stem cells to enhance their survival and differentiation, however, its effect and the mechanism underlying its neuroprotective effect on NSCs following stroke remain to be fully elucidated. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) signaling is important in antioxidative stress, and the role of Nrf-2 signaling in the enhanced neuroprotection of NSCs by resveratrol following stroke also remains to be elucidated. In the present study, NSCs were pretreated with resveratrol prior to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. The survival, apoptosis and proliferation of the NSCs were assessed using an MTT assay, Hoechst 33258 staining of nuclei and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), level of malondiadehyde (MDA) and content of glutathione (GSH) were determined. The protein expressions levels of Nrf-2, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were detected using western blot analysis. It was found that resveratrol markedly enhanced NSC survival and proliferation, decreased apoptosis and the levels of MDA, and increased the activity of SOD and content of GSH in a concentration-dependent manner following OGD/R injury in vitro. In addition, the protein expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 were significantly upregulated. These findings suggested that resveratrol attenuated injury and promoted proliferation of the NSCs, at least in part, by upregulating the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 following OGD/R injury in vitro.

Background/Aims: Neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis are critical steps for functional recovery after stroke. Resveratrol promotes neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood, although the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway may be involved. Given that resveratrol activates sirtuin (Sirt)1, the present study examined whether this is mediated by Shh signaling. Methods: Primary cortical neuron cultures were pretreated with drugs before oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated with Cell Counting Kit 8 and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, respectively. Neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis were assessed by immunocytochemistry and western blotting, which was also used to examine the expression of Sirt1 and Shh signaling proteins. Results: Resveratrol and the Smoothened (Smo) agonist purmophamine, which activates Shh signaling, increased viability, reduced apoptosis, and stimulated neurite outgrowth after OGD/R injury. Moreover, the expression of growth-associated protein(GAP)-43, synaptophysin, Shh, Patched (Ptc)-1, Smo, glioma-associated oncogene homolog (Gli)-1, and Sirt1 were upregulated under these conditions. These effects were reversed by treatment with the Smo inhibitor cyclopamine, whereas the Sirt1 inhibitor sirtinol reduced the levels of Shh, Ptc-1, Smo, and Gli-1. Conclusions: Resveratrol reduces neuronal injury following OGD/R injury and enhances neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis by activating Shh signaling, which in turn induces Sirt1.

The prime objective of the study is to examine the asymmetric effect of institutional quality and other control variables on environmental sustainability in G7 economies. The study examined data from 1986 to 2020 using a nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) technique. The outcomes of the study show heterogeneous results for the sampled economies. The findings confirm the asymmetric relationship between institutional quality, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and economic growth, and environmental sustainability in G7 countries. Furthermore, the study finds that neglecting the series’ inherent nonlinearities may lead to misleading inferences. The findings suggest that policies should be based on individual country characteristics and that no single policy can be a good fit for devising environmental sustainability measures.