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"Yunker, James A"
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The grand convergence : economic and political aspects of human progress
\"The Grand Convergence describes, evaluates, and advocates for sweeping changes in our global economic and political structure that would ensure the prospects of global human civilization as we confront an uncertain and hazardous future. It argues both for the Marshall Plan as well as for a limited federal world government to replace the quasi-anarchic international regime of today\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Beyond global governance
In these ground-breaking essays, James A. Yunker issues a powerful challenge to conventional thinking on world government. Based on an innovative plan for a limited world government tentatively designated the “Federal Union of Democratic Nations,” this book envisions a legitimate world government a quantum leap beyond the United Nations of today. The Federal Union proposed would operate under some key restraints, such as a dual voting system in the world legislature, and two key reserved rights of the member nations: to withdraw from the Federal Union at their own unilateral discretion, and to maintain independent control over whatever military forces they feel are necessary to their national security. Yunker demonstrates how these restraints would minimize the possibility that the world government would result in such adverse outcomes as global tyranny, bureaucratic overload, or cultural homogenization.
eBook
The Idea of World Government
The notion of a single political organization encompassing the whole of humanity-a world state-has intrigued mankind since earliest recorded history. This book provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of the history of world government, and questions whether political globalization, in the form of a federal world government, could and should complement the ongoing processes of economic and cultural globalization.
While the potential peacekeeping advantage of such a state is obvious, the consensus judgment has always been against it, because it could lead to totalitarian tyranny. Yunker examines whether this judgment is still correct, considering that nuclear weapons of unimaginable destructiveness now exist, capable of destroying human civilization as we know it. Summarizing the lessons of history, the author suggests that while the conventional world federalist concept of an unlimited world government is still impractical in today's world, there may be a role for a limited federal world government that would go well beyond the existing United Nations, thereby providing a stronger institutional basis for the evolutionary development of genuinely effective global governance.
This book is an important resource for all students and scholars of global governance, international relations and international organizations.
eBook
Global marshall plan
Today's foreign aid programs are small-scale because of the widespread belief that they are ineffective.This could be an example of a self-fulfilling prophecy: small scale virtually guarantees ineffectiveness.However, the pervasive contemporary pessimism regarding global economic inequality is most likely unfounded.
eBook
The Basic Income Guarantee: A General Equilibrium Evaluation
The potential economic effects of implementing a Basic Income Guarantee (BIG) in the United States are examined using a small-scale computable general equilibrium model in which labor and saving are the fundamental household decision variables. The social choice variables consist of BIG (termed herein “guaranteed minimum consumption”) and public good expenditure. Assuming the model’s benchmark values for the social choice variables are a reasonable approximation to the current situation, solution for the optimal social choice variables suggests that a much larger BIG would be preferable from a social welfare standpoint. This basic result is relatively insensitive to alterations in the model’s parameters. However, there would be such a substantial reduction in aggregate output and saving from moving to the optimal position that the political feasibility of any such policy shift is doubtful, regardless of any indications from economic analysis.
Journal Article
Capital wealth taxation as a potential remedy for excessive capital wealth inequality
In this paper, it is first shown that a simple model of inheritance and chance, neither of which involve entrepreneurial or other productive contributions on the part of the capital owner, is quite successful in predicting the empirical capital wealth distribution in the United States as indicated by data taken from the 2004 Survey of Consumer Finances. To the extent that an extremely high level of capital wealth inequality does not play an essential role in maintaining effort incentives and economic prosperity, the possibility of reducing it via taxation becomes more attractive. Estate taxation has been in existence for a long time, but model simulations suggest that while it can slow the rise of capital wealth inequality from an initial condition of perfect equality, once capital wealth inequality has reached a high level, it is ineffective in reducing this level. However, further model simulations indicate that even a relatively modest rate of annual capital wealth taxation can be highly effective toward this end.
Journal Article
Panglossian Tendencies in Economics: The Case of Theoretical Welfare Economics
Some critics allege that many if not most economists are subject to \"Panglossian tendencies\" - that is, they are too quick to make excuses for apparently dysfunctional aspects of the status quo. This paper examines theoretical welfare economics as a possible exemplar of \"Panglossian tendencies.\" A major focus is on the absence from both the pedagogic and the professional literatures of two key concepts bearing upon the evaluation of Pareto efficiency and social welfare maximization as competing criteria of economic policy analysis: the \"isowelfare function\" and the \"supra-welfare region.\" These concepts are explicated herein using the familiar Edgeworth-Bowley box diagram illustrating the twoindividual, two-good pure exchange model. A higher level of awareness and appreciation among economists of these concepts might serve the beneficial purpose of downgrading the perceived significance of Pareto efficiency as an operational criterion of economic performance.
Journal Article
Evolutionary World Government
Development of the concept of \"evolutionary socialism\" around the turn of the twentieth century had a major impact on political and socioeconomic trends throughout the century. Revisionist thinkers such as Eduard Bernstein abandoned the orthodox Marxist position that socialism must necessarily involve social ownership of the nonhuman factors of production, and that socialism in this pure sense could only be achieved through violent revolution. In so doing, they laid the basis for the later success of social democracy in Western Europe and throughout the world. This essay argues that an analogous concept, \"evolutionary world government,\" might lay the basis for a successful world federalist movement during the twenty-first century. By abandoning the current world federalist ideal of the omnipotent world state, and envisioning as the immediate objective a limited rather than an unlimited world government, a solid foundation might be laid for gradual, evolutionary progress toward the long-term goal of an authoritative and effective, yet democratic and benign, federal world government.
Journal Article
BEYOND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: PROSPECTS FOR GLOBAL GOVERNMENT
While it is clear that a world government would considerably reduce the threat of nuclear war, only a very tiny minority of world government advocates believes that this advantage outweighs the countervailing disadvantage that such concentration of political and military power might set the stage for global tyranny. A proposal is put forward for a type of world government that would be far less centralized and powerful than is normally envisioned. Despite its limitations, this plan of world government would make a valuable, albeit gradual and evolutionary, contribution to the furtherance of global governance and the assurance of the future destiny of human civilization.
Journal Article
Incorporating Stochastic Demand into Breakeven Analysis: A Practical Guide
The plausibility and usefulness of conventional breakeven analysis is augmented by adding a stochastic linear demand function to the basic breakeven equation. The additional complexity from adding this function is not excessive in a mathematical sense, and the payoff to the additional complexity is considerable. Relatively simple explicit analytical formulas are derived for the determination of the price that maximizes expected value of profits, as well as the price that maximizes breakeven probability. A linear stochastic demand function is utilized if price is taken to be the decision variable, but the analysis is exactly analogous if we take quantity (the \"production run\") to be the decision variable and utilize the inverse of the demand function, descriptively termed the \"price function.\" Similarly simple explicit analytical formulas are derived for the determination of the quantity that maximizes expected value of profits and the quantity that maximizes breakeven probability. These optimal price and quantity formulas are simple enough to be easily implemented in an Excel spreadsheet. Although the addition of a demand function (or a price function) to conventional breakeven analysis incurs a significant cost in terms of increased informational requirements, for some managers the marginal gains from applying a more advanced form of breakeven analysis will exceed the marginal costs.
Journal Article