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PurposeThe prognosis of patients with metastatic GIST and imatinib-sensitive primary mutations has significantly improved. However, limited data are available to inform patients about outcomes across different lines of treatment. This retrospective analysis aims to evaluate patient outcomes at a large German GIST referral center over the past 15 years.Patients and methodsOverall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed in patients with metastatic GIST, with diagnosis of metastases between 2008 and 2021, when at least three lines of treatment were available in Germany (n = 174).ResultsThe median overall survival far exceeds historical data for patients with primary exon 11 and exon 9 mutations (median OS in palliative treatment with imatinib: 7.1 years; median OS in second-line palliative treatment with sunitinib: 2.9 years; median OS in third-line palliative treatment with regorafenib: 1.9 years). Among those patients who received palliative imatinib treatment, no significant difference in median OS survival was observed between those who had received perioperative imatinib for localized disease and those who did not. Furthermore, the location of metastases significantly impacted survival, whereas the time between the initial diagnosis and the diagnosis of metastases had no significant effect on survival.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study provides a novel, real-world reference for survival outcomes in patients with metastatic GIST.

Purpose In patients with metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with high programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression, there is still a lack of biomarkers to identify patients with maximum benefit from first‐line treatment with checkpoint inhibitor therapy (CIT) alone. This work examines the impact of different ABO blood groups (BG) on the response to CIT monotherapy. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with stage IV NSCLC and high PD‐L1 expression (tumor proportional score/TPS ≥ 50%), receiving first‐line therapy with pembrolizumab alone or in combination with chemotherapy at the West German Cancer Center from 2017 to 2022. Study endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). Results Eighty‐two patients were included in the analysis. Twenty‐two patients (27%) received first‐line therapy with pembrolizumab alone (monoimmunotherapy cohort/MIC), of which seven patients (32%) had BGO. Sixty patients (73%) were treated with pembrolizumab combined with platinum‐based chemotherapy (chemoimmunotherapy cohort/CIC), of which 38 (63%) had BGO. In MIC, younger age and BGO were independent predictors of favorable OS (BGO vs. other ABO‐BG: HR 0.22, 95% CI: 0.1–0.9; p = 0.037; median OS 62 versus 19 months) and PFS (BGO vs. other ABO‐BG: HR 0.21, 95% CI: 0.1–0.8; p = 0.024; median PFS 39 vs. 4 months). There was no significant impact of ABO‐BG in patients treated with CIC. In support, a historical control group treated with chemotherapy alone also showed no prognostic impact of the ABO‐BG. Conclusion BGO associates with favorable survival in patients with NSCLC receiving pembrolizumab monotherapy, but not in patients with chemo‐immunotherapy or chemotherapy. Further validation of this promising strategy for personalized decision‐making is warranted.