Explore the vast range of titles available.

PurposeThe early identification of borderline personality traits (BPT) in adolescents helps to prevent their progression. Data are available for the clinical population, but little has been published on the general population, especially regarding age and sex distribution in adolescence. Even less is known about the comorbidity of BPT with other mental disorders.MethodsWe estimated the prevalence of BPT, by sex, age, and comorbidity, in a sample of adolescents aged 12–14 years (n = 799) from the Quebec Mental Health Survey. A complex sampling design was used to ensure representativeness. BPT was assessed with the abbreviated-diagnostic interview for borderlines–revised, with the adolescent as an informant. Reliability coefficients were above 0.80. Several levels of severity were explored using an independent criterion, defined by impairment according to the Columbia impairment scale.ResultsThe overall prevalence of BPT was 6.3%. Prevalence estimates for the most impaired were 3.2% for the entire sample and 1.3% for 12-year-olds. Prevalence increased significantly with age for most impairment levels but did not differ significantly between the sexes. In adolescents, BPT displayed moderate-to-strong comorbidity with anxiety (AD) and insomnia disorders, and very strong comorbidity with depressive (DD), attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD), and oppositional defiant/conduct disorders (ODD/CD).ConclusionWe, therefore, make two clinical recommendations for child psychiatry practice: (1) with respect to the lower rate of male adolescents attending BPT Health Programs, increase BPT screening in male adolescents; (2) evaluate BPT when children with ADHD or ODD/CD develop AD or DD during adolescence.

With the increased use of digital health innovations in Canadian health care, educating health care users, professionals, and researchers on the ethical challenges and privacy implications of these tools is essential. The Datum project, funded by the Fondation Barreau du Quebec, was created to help these actors better understand legal and ethical issues regarding the collection, use, and disclosure of digital health data for the purposes of scientific research, thereby enhancing literacy around data privacy. The project consists of a multimedia website divided into legislation and policy documents and narrative-based video content. Users can access the core legislation and policies governing the collection and use of health care data geared toward researchers and health practitioners. Users can also view the narrative-based video content explaining key concepts related to digital health data. The Datum project makes an original contribution to the field of law and ethics in health science research by using novel approaches, such as learning health systems and data banks, to improve equity in health care delivery and by generating multimedia content aimed at encouraging health care users to become better consumers and supporting the collective use of their data. The Datum project also promotes digital literacy as a digital communication tool, which has the significant potential to improve health outcomes, bridge the digital divide, and reduce health inequities.

Unipolar depression is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders in youth, particularly with anxiety and disruptive disorders. Previous literature reviews suggested that patterns of comorbidity differed by age and sex. However, most authors from previous published reviews did not specifically target age and sex as a priori criteria in selecting studies on comorbidity during adolescence. Moreover, these reviews did not consider potentially important methodological issues that might explain inconsistencies in comorbidity rates across studies. In our literature review, we selected empirical studies published within the last 15 years with the aim of targeting age and sex as principal variables associated with heterotypic comorbidity of either anxiety or disruptive disorders and depression. Additionally, relevant methodological aspects that were not considered systematically in previous reviews were taken into account in the presentation of results (e.g., type of instrument, informant assessing youth's mental disorders). In the present review, a total of 29 cross-sectional and longitudinal studies met the following selection criteria in their research design: (a) structured or semistructured instruments assessing anxiety, disruptive, and depressive disorders; and (b) samples of adolescents aged at least 12 years. Our review highlights inconsistent results across clinical and community studies regarding age- and sex-related patterns of comorbidity. However, some studies indicated the presence of high comorbidity rates between either anxiety or disruptive disorders and depression in adolescent girls. This review suggests that the complexity of the comorbidity phenomenon precludes definitive conclusions about its variations according to age and sex. Implications for prevention, treatment, and future research are discussed. La dépression unipolaire se présente souvent en comorbidité avec d'autres troubles psychiatriques chez les jeunes, particulièrement les troubles anxieux et disruptifs. Les recensions d'études antérieures suggèrent que les types de comorbidité varient selon l'âge et le sexe. Or, la majorité des auteurs de ces recensions n'ont pas spécifiquement ciblé l'âge ou le sexe comme critères a priori dans la sélection d'études sur la comorbidité chez les adolescents. De plus, ces recensions n'ont pas tenu compte de certains aspects méthodologiques potentiellement importants pour expliquer les incohérences au niveau des taux de comorbidité entre les études. Dans notre recension de la littérature, les études empiriques publiées au cours des 15 dernières années ont été sélectionnées en ciblant l'âge et le sexe comme principales variables associées à la comorbidité hétérotypique entre les troubles anxieux ou disruptifs et la dépression. Par ailleurs, les aspects méthodologiques pertinents qui n'étaient pas systématiquement considérés dans les recensions antérieures ont été pris en compte dans la présentation des résultats (par ex., le type d'instrument utilisé, l'informateur évaluant les troubles mentaux du jeune). Dans cette recension, un total de 29 études transversales et longitudinales a répondu aux critères de sélection suivants relatifs au devis de recherche: (a) instruments structurés ou semistructurés évaluant les troubles anxieux, disruptifs et dépressifs; (b) échantillons d'adolescents âgés d'au moins 12 ans. Notre recension révèle des résultats contradictoires entre les différentes études effectuées en clinique et dans la communauté concernant les types de comorbidité liés à l'âge et au sexe. Toutefois, certaines études indiquent la présence de taux élevés de comorbidité entre les troubles anxieux ou disruptifs et la dépression chez les filles adolescentes. Cette recension suggère que la complexité du phénomène de la comorbidité limite la possibilité de conclure, d'une façon définitive, sur ses variations selon l'âge et le sexe. Les implications pour la prévention, le traitement et les recherches futures y sont discutées.

Abstract This article describes the rationale, aims, and methodology of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ). This is the largest international collaboration to date that will develop algorithms to predict trajectories and outcomes of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to advance the development and use of novel pharmacological interventions for CHR individuals. We present a description of the participating research networks and the data processing analysis and coordination center, their processes for data harmonization across 43 sites from 13 participating countries (recruitment across North America, Australia, Europe, Asia, and South America), data flow and quality assessment processes, data analyses, and the transfer of data to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive (NDA) for use by the research community. In an expected sample of approximately 2000 CHR individuals and 640 matched healthy controls, AMP SCZ will collect clinical, environmental, and cognitive data along with multimodal biomarkers, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, fluid biospecimens, speech and facial expression samples, novel measures derived from digital health technologies including smartphone-based daily surveys, and passive sensing as well as actigraphy. The study will investigate a range of clinical outcomes over a 2-year period, including transition to psychosis, remission or persistence of CHR status, attenuated positive symptoms, persistent negative symptoms, mood and anxiety symptoms, and psychosocial functioning. The global reach of AMP SCZ and its harmonized innovative methods promise to catalyze the development of new treatments to address critical unmet clinical and public health needs in CHR individuals.