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Metal single atoms have been demonstrated to induce surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) due to their effectiveness in the modification of electronic structure. However, precisely modulating the relative positions of metal single atoms on sub-nanolattices remains a formidable challenge, which makes SERS studies of metal single atoms dependent on localized environments still lacking. Herein, we rely on polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a soft template to achieve the modulation of the relative positions of W atoms on titanate nanotubes (W-TNTs) and probe the local-environment-dependent SERS induced by metal single atoms based on this technique. We find that the relative position of the W single atoms greatly affects their SERS performance. This phenomenon has been attributed to the difference in charge transfer ability between single W atoms of different configurations, with isolated W atoms inducing a significantly higher density of electronic states near the Fermi energy than associated W atoms, leading to an enhanced polarization of the probe molecule and subsequently a stronger Raman signal. Our findings demonstrate a technique to effectively control the relative positions of single atoms and provide insights into single-atom-induced SERS associated with localized environments, which will facilitate the rational design of SERS substrates based on metal single atoms. Atomically dispersed metal atoms on semiconductor surfaces alter the local surface carrier distribution. Here, the authors demonstrate the improvement of the SERS activity of titanate nanotubes by controllable loading with monoatomic W species.

With the increasing interest in the application of electrochromism to flexible and wearable electronics in recent years, flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) that can function at extreme temperatures are required. However, the functionalities of flexible ECDs are severely hampered by the inadequate choice of electrolytes, which might ultimately result in performance fading during low‐ and high‐temperature operations. Here, we develop a deep eutectic solvent (DES)‐based gel electrolyte that can maintain its optical, electrical, and mechanical properties over a wide range of temperatures (−40 to 150°C), exhibiting an extremely high visible‐range transmittance over 90%, ion conductivity of 0.63 mS cm−1, and fracture strain exceeding 2000%. Owing to the excellent processability of the DES‐based electrolytes, provided by dynamic interactions such as the lithium and hydrogen bonding between the DES and polymer matrix, a directly written patterning in ECDs is realized for the first time. The fabricated ECDs exhibit an excellent electrochromic behavior superior to the behavior of the ECDs fabricated with traditional gel electrolytes. The introduction of such DES‐based electrolytes is expected to pave the way for a widespread application of electrochromic products. The gel electrolyte constructed with deep eutectic solvent (DES) and acrylate‐based copolymer enables a direct writing electrolyte layer for patterning in flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs), which can maintain its excellent optical transparency, electrical, and mechanical properties over a wide span of temperature ranging from −40 to 150°C.

The prevalence of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) in China is approximately 1%, with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) at 0.25%. However, community-based incidence data remain scarce and are subject to medical reporting bias. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SpA and the health status of patients in Wuyuan County, to provide evidence for the national \"Rural Health Project for Ankylosing Spondylitis\". A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to December 2023 using the WHO COPCORD methodology. A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was employed, including 16, 996 residents. A screening questionnaire based on assessment of Spondyloarthritis international society (ASAS) criteria was used, and SpA diagnoses were confirmed by rheumatologists. Data analysis included Poisson distribution sample size estimation, Mann-Whitney test, and Bootstrap proportion estimation (SPSS v29.0 and R v4.3.2). The estimated prevalence of SpA among residents of Wuyuan County in 2023 was 0.14%. A total of 24 patients were diagnosed with SpA (16 males and 8 females). Half of these cases were previously undiagnosed and demonstrated a significant diagnostic delay ( = 0.021). Male patients exhibited more severe functional impairment, as indicated by higher bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI) scores compared to their female counterparts (3.29 . 1.44, < 0.05). Community screening revealed a significant burden of SpA in rural China, underscoring the need to strengthen primary healthcare resource allocation.

Straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) is the most commonly cultivated edible fungus in the world, but the challenges associated with the preservation have limited its marketability. Microbiology, especially bacteria, play a key role in the deterioration of food, this study aimed to reveal the succession of the bacterial community on the surfaces of V. volvacea fruit bodies under different temperature conditions. We amplified 16S rRNA genes of V4 regions, obtained the bacterial species information by using high-throughput sequencing technology, and analyzed the effects of environmental temperature and preservation time on bacterial communities. The relative abundances of Firmicutes, Bacilli, and Bacillales increased significantly when straw mushrooms began to rot. Furthermore, the relative abundances of Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus and Solibacillus, which belong to Bacillales, increased with the decay of straw mushroom. The Shannon and Simpson indices of V. volvacea stored at 30 °C were significantly higher than those of V. volvacea stored at 15 °C, which indicates that a high temperature contributes to the improvement in the species diversity. According to the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) results, the number of biomarkers in the 30 °C group (32, 42.11%) was significantly higher than that in the 15 °C group (17, 22.37%), indicating that a high temperature has a clustering effect on some bacterial communities. A Spearman correlation analysis showed that Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Solibacillus promoted the decay of straw mushroom. In conclusion, a high temperature increases the bacterial diversity on the straw mushroom surfaces and has a clustering effect on the bacterial communities. The bacterial community consisting of Firmicutes, Bacilli, Bacillales, Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Solibacillus could promote the decay of straw mushroom, so new preservation materials research can focus on inhibiting anaerobic and decay-causing bacteria to prolong preservation time.