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"Zhang, Xiaoke"
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Cyclization Strategies in Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis: An Up-to-Date Review
The metathesis reaction between carbonyl compounds and olefins has emerged as a potent strategy for facilitating swift functional group interconversion and the construction of intricate organic structures through the creation of novel carbon–carbon double bonds. To date, significant progress has been made in carbonyl–olefin metathesis reactions, where oxetane, pyrazolidine, 1,3-diol, and metal alkylidene have been proved to be key intermediates. Recently, several reviews have been disclosed, focusing on distinct catalytic approaches for achieving carbonyl–olefin metathesis. However, the summarization of cyclization strategies for constructing aromatic heterocyclic frameworks through carbonyl–olefin metathesis reactions has rarely been reported. Consequently, we present an up-to-date review of the cyclization strategies in carbonyl–olefin metathesis, categorizing them into three main groups: the formation of monocyclic compounds, bicyclic compounds, and polycyclic compounds. This review delves into the underlying mechanism, scope, and applications, offering a comprehensive perspective on the current strength and the limitation of this field.
Journal Article
Mitochondrion-specific dendritic lipopeptide liposomes for targeted sub-cellular delivery
The mitochondrion is an important sub-cellular organelle responsible for the cellular energetic source and processes. Owing to its unique sensitivity to heat and reactive oxygen species, the mitochondrion is an appropriate target for photothermal and photodynamic treatment for cancer. However, targeted delivery of therapeutics to mitochondria remains a great challenge due to their location in the sub-cellular compartment and complexity of the intracellular environment. Herein, we report a class of the mitochondrion-targeted liposomal delivery platform consisting of a guanidinium-based dendritic peptide moiety mimicking mitochondrion protein transmembrane signaling to exert mitochondrion-targeted delivery with pH sensitive and charge-reversible functions to enhance tumor accumulation and cell penetration. Compared to the current triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-based mitochondrion targeting system, this dendritic lipopeptide (DLP) liposomal delivery platform exhibits about 3.7-fold higher mitochondrion-targeted delivery efficacy. Complete tumor eradication is demonstrated in mice bearing 4T1 mammary tumors after combined photothermal and photodynamic therapies delivered by the reported DLP platform.
Mitochondria are key targets for photothermal and photodynamic treatment for cancer but delivery of therapeutics to these organelles remains a challenge. In this study, authors develop a mitochondrial targeted liposomal delivery platform using a dendritic peptide moiety as a mitochondria targeting moiety and demonstrate its targeting and antitumour efficacy in a mouse model of breast cancer.
Journal Article
Multilayer entropy-weighted TOPSIS method and its decision-making in ecological operation during the subsidence period of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Coordinating the downstream ecological demand and the power generation demand of hydropower stations is an important task in the operation of reservoirs, and how to evaluate the ecological satisfaction of the scheduling process is a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently. A multi-objective optimal reservoir scheduling model was constructed to coordinate the spawning flow demand of \" Four Major Chinese Carps\"; The model takes the maximum power generation and the maximum membership degree of downstream river ecological water demand as the objective functions, and uses the dynamic programming multi-objective solution algorithm based on penalty factors to solve the problem, and obtains the non-inferior solution set in each scenario. The multilayer entropy-weighted TOPSIS method was used to study the non-inferior solution of the multi-objective scheduling model of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and the satisfactory solution ranking of the river flow rise process, ecological flow-related requirements, and power generation water requirements was obtained under the four schemes including 4d ~ 7d, which improved the reliability of the evaluation results and made up for the shortcomings of the traditional TOPSIS method in terms of hierarchy and weight science. The research results of this paper can provide a reference for decision-making on the ecological management of the spawning period of the \" Four Major Chinese Carps\" in the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yangtze River.
Journal Article
The Protective Effect of Digital Financial Inclusion on Agricultural Supply Chain during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from China
Financial inclusion plays a positive role in protecting agriculture during or after disaster. This paper focuses on the protective effect of digital financial inclusion on the agricultural supply chain and analyzes three mechanisms of the protective effect: financial widening, financial deepening, and financial services digitization. Based on the Gravity Equation, we conduct an empirical study using agricultural logistics and digital financial inclusion data from China. The regression results indicate that a 1% increase in the digital financial inclusion, measured by the Peking University Digital Inclusion Index, increases agricultural trade during the COVID-19 pandemic by approximately 1.6%. Furthermore, heterogeneous protective effects exist between regions in China. Digital financial inclusion is more effective in the Eastern regions in protecting the ASC than in other regions. This paper enriches the understanding of financial inclusion in helping agriculture supply chain recovery.
Journal Article
The mediating effects of death reflection on death literacy and death anxiety among Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of death reflection on death literacy and death anxiety in clinical nurses. A sample of 2,882 nurses in China were selected by convenience sampling. A socio-demographic questionnaire, a death literacy scale, a death reflection scale, and a death anxiety scale were used to investigate. The results showed that death literacy was positively correlated with death reflection, but was negatively correlated with death anxiety. Furthermore, death literacy can influence death anxiety through the mediating effect of death reflection. We therefore suggest that relevant departments and institutions should seek optimal strategies to strengthen nurses’ death literacy training and promote death reflection in order to improve their death anxiety.
Journal Article
Deep Belief Network for Spectral–Spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Remote Sensor Data
With the development of high-resolution optical sensors, the classification of ground objects combined with multivariate optical sensors is a hot topic at present. Deep learning methods, such as convolutional neural networks, are applied to feature extraction and classification. In this work, a novel deep belief network (DBN) hyperspectral image classification method based on multivariate optical sensors and stacked by restricted Boltzmann machines is proposed. We introduced the DBN framework to classify spatial hyperspectral sensor data on the basis of DBN. Then, the improved method (combination of spectral and spatial information) was verified. After unsupervised pretraining and supervised fine-tuning, the DBN model could successfully learn features. Additionally, we added a logistic regression layer that could classify the hyperspectral images. Moreover, the proposed training method, which fuses spectral and spatial information, was tested over the Indian Pines and Pavia University datasets. The advantages of this method over traditional methods are as follows: (1) the network has deep structure and the ability of feature extraction is stronger than traditional classifiers; (2) experimental results indicate that our method outperforms traditional classification and other deep learning approaches.
Journal Article
Effect of dietary carbohydrate intake on glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to elucidate the dose-response relationship between dietary carbohydrate consumption and the improvement of glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), following an intensive dietary intervention. Methods and Study Design: Randomized controlled trials published up to December 2023 were systematically reviewed from four databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Primary outcomes included: glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose (FG); and secondary outcomes included: BMI, fasting insulin (FI), Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). We performed a random-effects dose-response meta-analysis to estimate mean differences (MDs) for each 10% reduction in carbohydrate intake. Results: A total of 38 articles were analyzed, encompassing 2,831 total participants. Compared to the highest recorded carbohydrate intake (65%), reducing carbohydrate intake to 5% showed that for every 10% decrease, the following improvements were observed: HbA1c (MD: 0.39%; 95%CI: -0.5 to -0.28%), FG (MD: 0.55 mmol/L; 95%CI: -0.82 to -0.28 mmol/L), BMI (MD: -0.83 kg/m^2; 95%CI: -1.27 to -0.38 kg/m^2), FI (MD: -2.19 pmol/L; 95%CI: -3.64 to -0.73 pmol/L), HOMA-IR (MD: -1.53; 95%CI: -3.09 to 0.03). Conclusions: Reducing dietary carbohydrate intake significantly improves glycemic control and insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A linear reduction in carbohydrate intake was observed, with significant effects occurring within the first 6 months of the intervention. However, these effects diminished beyond this period. Notably, the improvements in glycemic parameters were not significantly affected by whether calorie restriction was implemented.
Journal Article