Explore the vast range of titles available.

The growing reliance on Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication has heightened the vulnerability of Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems to cybersecurity threats, such as manipulation or forgery of V2V messages. This paper investigates the impact of three types of false information injection (FII) on vehicle collision risk and driving efficiency. To address these vulnerabilities, we develop a novel machine learning-based onboard model, ACC anomaly Detection and Mitigation (ACCDM), designed to strengthen ACC resilience against such cyberattacks. ACCDM continuously monitors vehicle parameters under benign conditions, detecting deviations that indicate potential threats and deploying real-time mitigations to maintain safety and efficiency. Simulations across continuous and clustered attack scenarios validate ACCDM’s accuracy in detecting cybersecurity threats, preserving safe following distances, and mitigating the negative impacts of cyberattacks on ACC systems.

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） plays an important role in heavy metal speciation and distribution in the aquatic environment especially for eutrophic lakes which have higher DOM concentration. Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater and a high eutrophic lake in the downstream of the Yangtze River, China. In the lake, frequent breakout of algae blooms greatly increased the concentration of different organic matters in the lake sediment. In this study, sediment samples were collected from various part of Taihu Lake to explore the spatial difference in the binding potential of DOM with Cu. The titration experiment was adopted to quantitatively characterize the interaction between Cu（II） and DOM extracted from Taihu Lake sediments using ion selective electrode （ISE） and fluorescence quenching technology. The ISE results showed that the exogenous DOM had higher binding ability than endogenous DOM, and DOM derived from aquatic macrophytes had a higher binding ability than that derived from algae. The fluorescence quenching results indicated that humic substances played a key role in the complexation between DOM and Cu（II） in the lake. However, because of the frequent breakout of algae blooms, protein-like matters are also main component like hnmic matters in Taihu Lake. Therefore, the metals bound by protein-like substances should be caused concern as protein-like substances in DOM were unstable and they will release bound metal when decomposed.

The Shuiyindong deposit is one of the largest （more than 100 tonnes of Au） and highest grade （more than 7× 10^-6-10× 10^-6）, strata-bound C arlin-type gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou Province, China. The deposit is controlled by both structure and favorable lithology. It is situated near the axis of the striking Huijiabao anticline and is hosted in bioclastic limestone of the Permian Longtan Formation. Gold mineralization occurred under low temperature with Th of220℃＋ and is closely associated with decarbonation, silicification, sulfidation and dolomitization. The deposit has a characteristic elemental assemblage of Au-As-Hg-TI. Studies of geochemistry and isotope compositions indicated that the ore-bearing materials and fluids of the gold deposit mainly originated from a plutonic source, and possess a mixing feature with the strata matter during transportation from mantle to crust. Fluid inclusions in vein quartz from the gold deposit are rich in volatile flux, indicating that metallogenic fluid is an overpressured one. The activity and geothermal state of the Earth＇s crust in the long period of time are favorable for the formation of overpressured fluids in a large area, and extensive structures would drive the fluids into ore-forming system and make gold deposits formed. The complexity of structural movement in the upper crust of southwestern Guizhou Province resulted in complicated gold mineralization. Through metallogenic prognosis and exploration, the proven reserves of the deposit increased by tens of tonnes of Au and the deposit has become a super-large strata-bound Carlin-type gold deposit.

The exploration on the reform of evaluation is carried out in accordance with characteristics of the practical curriculum and the requirements of the syllabus for the summer school. By taking BIM Modeling course as an example, diversified formative evaluation and evaluation mechanisms are adopted to research the formative evaluation and evaluation methods of BIM Modeling course. Theoretical and empirical researches on the formative evaluation and evaluation method of summer school practical teaching are carried out from the aspects of curriculum thinking, curriculum plan design and performance analysis.

In recent years, educational reformers have focused on teaching philosophy of Bloom's Taxonomy, studying theory and practice of relevant teaching philosophy at home and abroad in terms of cognition, application of engineering project management teaching models in classroom-based lamination teaching, classroom teaching models, assessment and evaluation.

Aim： To investigate the association of polymorphisms in four critical genes implicated in the NO-forming pathway with ischemic stroke （IS） in a Chinese Han population. Methods： DNA samples of 558 IS patients and 557 healthy controls from Chinese Han population were genotyped using the TaqmanTM 7900HT Sequence Detection System. Six SNPs （rs841, rs1049255, rs2297518, rs1799983, rs2020744, rs4673） of the 4 related genes （eNOS, iNOS, GCH1, and CYBA） in the NO forming pathway were analyzed using the SPSS 13.0 software package for Windows. Results： One SNP located in the intron of GCH1 （rs841） was associated with IS independent of the traditional cardiovascular risk fac- tors in co-dominant and dominant models （P=O.O03, q=0.027; P=O.O0006, q=0.0108; respectively）. Moreover, the combination of rs1049255 CC＋CT and rs841 GA＋AA genotypes was associated with significantly higher risk for IS after adjustments （0R=1.73, 95% CI： 1.27-2.35, P〈O.O001, q〈O.O001）. Conclusion： The data suggest that genetic variants within the NO-forming pathway alter susceptibility to IS in Chinese Han population. Replication of the present results in other independent cohorts is warranted.

Aim： To investigate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of higenamine, an active ingredient of Aconite root, in healthy Chinese volunteers. Methods：Ten subjects received continuous, intravenous infusion of higenamine at gradually escalating doses from 0.5 to 4.0 pg.kg^1.min 1, each dose was given for 3 min. Blood and urine samples were collected at designated time points to measure the concentrations of higenamine. Pharmacodynamics was assessed by measuring the subject＇s heart rate. A nonlinear mixed-effect modeling approach, using the software Phoenix NLME, was used to model the plasma concentration-time profiles and heart rate. Results： Peak concentrations （Cmax） of higenamine ranged from 15.1 to 44.0 ng/mL. The half-life of higenamine was 0.133 h （range, 0.107-0.166 h）, while the area under concentration-time curve （AUC）, extrapolated to infinity, was 5.39 ng-h.mL1 （range, 3.2-6.8 ng.h.mLl）. The volume of distribution （V） was 48 L （range, 30.8-80.6 L）. The total clearance （CL） was 249 L/h （range, 199-336 L/h）. Within 8 h, 9.3% （range, 4.6%-12.4%） of higenamine was recovered in the urine. The pharmacokinetics of higenamine was successfully described using a two-compartment model with nonlinear clearance. In the pharmacodynamic model, heart rates were related to the plasma drug concentrations using a simple direct effect model with baseline. The Eo, Emax, and EC5o were 68 bpm, 73 bpm and 8.1 pg/L, respectively. Conclusion： Higenamine has desirable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. The results provide important informa tion for future clinical studies on higenamine.

Spionid worms of Polydora ciliata inhabit the shells of many commercially important bivalves and cause disease in molluscan aquaculture. Their sperm structure is closely related to their fertilization method. To give an insight into the sperm structure and spermatogenesis, ultrastructure details of the subcellular components of germ cells during spermiogenesis of Polydora ciliata are detected by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. In P. ciliata, during spermiogenesis, chromatin is regularly arranged as dense fibrils and becomes more condensed when the nucleus elongates. Microtubules do not surround the nucleus during its elon- gation. The Golgi phase is characterized by the formation of proacrosomal granules within the Golgi apparatus. The proacrosomal granules fuse to form a single, spherical acrosomal vesicle that migrates to the anterior pole of the cell. At the time of nuclear con- densation, mitochondria become reduced in number but increased in size, causing deep indentation at the base of the nucleus. The mid-piece has a few mitochondria. The cap phase includes the spreading of the acrosomal granule over the surface of the nucleus of the differentiating spermatid. The acrosomal phase of spermiogenesis is typically associated with changes in the shape of the nucleus, acrosome and tail. The relationship of sperm ultrastructure to spermiogenesis in spionidae species was discussed.

The piRNA machinery is known for its role in mediating epigenetic silencing of transposons. Recent studies suggest that this function also involves piRNA-guided cleavage of transposon-derived transcripts. As many piRNAs also appear to have the capacity to target diverse mRNAs, this raises the intriguing possibility that piRNAs may act extensively as siRNAs to degrade specific mRNAs. To directly test this hypothesis, we compared mouse PIWI （MI- WI）-associated piRNAs with experimentally identified cleaved mRNA fragments from mouse testes, and observed cleavage sites that predominantly occur at position 10 from the 5＇ end of putative targeting piRNAs. We also noted strong biases for U and A residues at nucleotide positions 1 and 10, respectively, in both piRNAs and mRNA frag- ments, features that resemble the pattern of piRNA amplification by the ＇ping-pong＇ cycle. Through mapping of MIWI-RNA interactions by CLIP-seq and gene expression profiling, we found that many potential piRNA-targeted mRNAs directly interact with MIWI and show elevated expression levels in the testes of Miwi catalytic mutant mice. Reporter-based assays further revealed the importance of base pairing between piRNAs and mRNA targets and the requirement for both the slicer activity and piRNA-loading ability of MIWI in piRNA-mediated target repression. Importantly, we demonstrated that proper turnover of certain key piRNA targets is essential for sperm formation. Together, these findings reveal the siRNA-like function of the piRNA machinery in mouse testes and its central requirement for male germ cell development and maturation.

Aim： The inflammatory marker C-reactive protein （CRP） has been strongly correlated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Some single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） have been reported to be associated with serum CRP levels. In this study, we assessed the genetic association between SNPs within the CRP gene and ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in the Han Chinese population. Methods： This study comprises 564 ischemic stroke patients, 220 hemorrhagic stroke patients and 564 controls from the ethnic Han Chinese population in Wuhan. Four CRP SNPs, -757A〉G （rs3093059）, -717A〉G （rs2794521）, -286C〉T〉A （rs3091244） and ＋2147C〉T （rs1205）, were genotyped from patients using TaqMan assays. Results： The A allele frequency for the -717A〉G polymorphism was significant higher in controls than in ischemic stroke patients （P=0.037）, after adjustment for traditional risk factors （odds ratio 0.28; 95% CI 0.12-0.65; P=0.003）, suggesting a protective effect for this allele against ischemic stroke. Haplotype analysis showed that the H3 （G-C-C） haplotype conferred a significantly increased risk of ischemic stroke （odds ratio 1.052, 95% CI 1.001-1.106： P=0.047）. Neither CRP genotypes nor haplotypes showed an association with hemorrhagic stroke. However, the frequency for haplotype H5 （A-T-C） was significantly higher in ischemic stroke than hemorrhagic stroke patients （P=0.0003）. Conclusions： These data suggest that the CRP gene -717A allele confers a protective effect against ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the H3 haplotype （G-C-C） is an independent risk marker for ischemic stroke, whereas the H5 haplotype （A-T-C） can be used as a prognostic marker of hemorrhagic stroke.