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"Zhang, Ziyi"
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The paradigm of cultural heritage preservation in the technological perspective: from ‘cultural aphasia’ to ‘convolutional preservation’
Cultural heritage embodies a nation’s identity, encompassing its history, traditions, and values. In recent years, scholarly attention to heritage preservation has grown, reflecting heightened recognition of its significance. Central to these efforts are preservation paradigms, which guide the methodologies and strategies of conservation. However, the ongoing technological revolution, driven by information technologies, presents both opportunities and challenges: while new tools advance preservation methods, there is a risk that cultural and historical essence may be overshadowed. Addressing this tension, this paper reevaluates fundamental preservation paradigms in the context of contemporary digital developments. It introduces the concept of a ‘convoluted’ preservation paradigm and proposes the RIU (Research–Identify–Utilize) model as a framework for heritage conservation in technologically mediated contexts. Emphasizing the iterative and continuous nature of preservation, the study explores the dynamic interplay between past, present, and future, highlighting how technology can support rather than diminish cultural significance. By offering this perspective, the paper aims to contribute to the international discourse on heritage preservation and to foster strategies that ensure the enduring protection of our shared cultural legacy.
Journal Article
A lightweight YOLOv8 integrating FasterNet for real-time underwater object detection
In this paper, we propose a underwater target detection method that optimizes YOLOv8s to make it more suitable for real-time and underwater environments. First, a lightweight FasterNet module replaces the original backbone of YOLOv8s to reduce the computation and improve the performance of the network. Second, we modify current bi-directional feature pyramid network into a fast one by reducing unnecessary feature layers and changing the fusion method. Finally, we propose a lightweight-C2f structure by replacing the last standard convolution, bottleneck module of C2f with a GSConv and a partial convolution, respectively, to obtain a lighter and faster block. Experiments on three underwater datasets, RUOD, UTDAC2020 and URPC2022 show that the proposed method has mAP
50
of 86.8%, 84.3% and 84.7% for the three datasets, respectively, with a speed of 156 FPS on NVIDIA A30 GPUs, which meets the requirement of real-time detection. Compared to the YOLOv8s model, the model volume is reduced on average by 24%, and the mAP accuracy is enhanced on all three datasets.
Journal Article
Dubosiella newyorkensis modulates immune tolerance in colitis via the L-lysine-activated AhR-IDO1-Kyn pathway
Commensal bacteria generate immensely diverse active metabolites to maintain gut homeostasis, however their fundamental role in establishing an immunotolerogenic microenvironment in the intestinal tract remains obscure. Here, we demonstrate that an understudied murine commensal bacterium,
Dubosiella newyorkensis
, and its human homologue
Clostridium innocuum
, have a probiotic immunomodulatory effect on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis using conventional, antibiotic-treated and germ-free mouse models. We identify an important role for the
D. newyorkensis
in rebalancing Treg/Th17 responses and ameliorating mucosal barrier injury by producing short-chain fatty acids, especially propionate and L-Lysine (Lys). We further show that Lys induces the immune tolerance ability of dendritic cells (DCs) by enhancing Trp catabolism towards the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway through activation of the metabolic enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner. This study identifies a previously unrecognized metabolic communication by which Lys-producing commensal bacteria exert their immunoregulatory capacity to establish a Treg-mediated immunosuppressive microenvironment by activating AhR-IDO1-Kyn metabolic circuitry in DCs. This metabolic circuit represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Here, Zhang
et al
. identify a metabolic axis by which Lys-producing commensal bacterium
Dubosiella newyorkensis
mediates a Treg-mediated immunosuppressive microenvironment by activating AhR-IDO1-Kyn metabolic circuitry in dendritic cells.
Journal Article
Emotion dysregulation as a marker in adolescent mental health with EEG-based prediction model
This study comprehensively tackles the critical challenge of understanding and mitigating adolescent violent crime by integrating advanced insights from psychological and environmental research with cutting-edge digital public health tools. Current methods for examining adolescent aggression often fail to provide a holistic framework that effectively accounts for the intricate interplay of emotional dysregulation, environmental influences, and relational dynamics, thereby limiting the scope and efficacy of intervention strategies. In response to these limitations, we propose a comprehensive approach that leverages EEG-based emotion analysis in combination with a novel Psycho-Social Risk Interaction Model (PRIM), designed to uncover latent variables and dynamic interactions underlying violent behavior in adolescents. PRIM is a robust framework that encapsulates psychological vulnerabilities such as impulsivity and aggression, environmental stressors like socioeconomic pressures, and relational influences within peer and family networks, offering a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted factors contributing to violent tendencies. Building upon the PRIM framework, we introduce the Targeted Intervention and Risk Reduction Strategy (TIRRS), an innovative system that translates theoretical insights into actionable, personalized, and adaptive interventions. TIRRS dynamically modulates the interaction of psychological, environmental, and relational factors by employing real-time monitoring tools and resource optimization frameworks, ensuring that interventions are both responsive and impactful. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach improves the prediction accuracy of violent tendencies to 87.5%, representing a 21.3% increase compared to traditional statistical models (which averaged 66.2% accuracy). Moreover, the intervention success rate improved by 18.7% relative to standard counseling-based approaches. These outcomes enable the development of cost-effective, scalable, and sustainable prevention strategies.
Journal Article
Stretchable piezoelectric biocrystal thin films
Stretchability is an essential property for wearable devices to match varying strains when interfacing with soft tissues or organs. While piezoelectricity has broad application potentials as tactile sensors, artificial skins, or nanogenerators, enabling tissue-comparable stretchability is a main roadblock due to the intrinsic rigidity and hardness of the crystalline phase. Here, an amino acid-based piezoelectric biocrystal thin film that offers tissue-compatible omnidirectional stretchability with unimpaired piezoelectricity is reported. The stretchability was enabled by a truss-like microstructure that was self-assembled under controlled molecule-solvent interaction and interface tension. Through the open and close of truss meshes, this large scale biocrystal microstructure was able to endure up to 40% tensile strain along different directions while retained both structural integrity and piezoelectric performance. Built on this structure, a tissue-compatible stretchable piezoelectric nanogenerator was developed, which could conform to various tissue surfaces, and exhibited stable functions under multidimensional large strains. In this work, we presented a promising solution that integrates piezoelectricity, stretchability and biocompatibility in one material system, a critical step toward tissue-compatible biomedical devices.
Developing piezoelectric biocrystals that are stretchable while maintaining structure and stable piezoelectricity is challenging. Here, Li et al. report an amino acid-based piezoelectric biocrystal with omnidirectional stretchability enabled by a truss-like network, for wearable and implantable devices.
Journal Article
Research hotspots and trends in heritage building information modeling: A review based on CiteSpace analysis
The year 2022 marks the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Heritage building information modeling (HBIM), which is a digital method of conserving architectural heritage, has recently received a great deal of attention from researchers, planners, and policy-makers in related fields around the world. However, there is not yet a complete analysis of the hot spots and trends in this area of research, nor has a complete workflow based on the practical application of HBIM been developed. In this article, we analyzed the research progress, hot spots, and trends in HBIM since 2010. We used the CiteSpace scientometric analysis tool to analyze 372 documents with high relevance to HBIM from the Web of Science core database using literature co-citation analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis, cluster analysis, and keyword emergence detection. The findings show that research in the field of HBIM was still in the conceptualization stage during 2010–2017, and with the continuous development of various technologies, attention to HBIM has gradually accelerated since 2017 by expanding its uses to multidisciplinary fields such as artificial intelligence. In the cluster analysis of literature co-citations, 14 clusters were generated, and four clusters, semiautomatic 3D modeling, heritage information system, pilot study, and virtual reality, which have high rates of citation, are discussed in this paper. These clusters reflect the hot spots and frontiers of research in HBIM to a certain extent. In the “Discussion” section, a systematic and complete workflow of HBIM application to heritage architecture is proposed for three levels: modeling, data exchange, and auxiliary management. On this basis, the development of the field of heritage building conservation and sustainable development is analyzed to provide valuable theoretical and practical references to propose future research directions.
Journal Article
Endurance exercise-induced histone methylation modification involved in skeletal muscle fiber type transition and mitochondrial biogenesis
Skeletal muscle is a highly heterogeneous tissue, and its contractile proteins are composed of different isoforms, forming various types of muscle fiber, each of which has its own metabolic characteristics. It has been demonstrated that endurance exercise induces the transition of muscle fibers from fast-twitch to slow-twitch muscle fiber type. Herein, we discover a novel epigenetic mechanism for muscle contractile property tightly coupled to its metabolic capacity during muscle fiber type transition with exercise training. Our results show that an 8-week endurance exercise induces histone methylation remodeling of PGC-1α and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in the rat gastrocnemius muscle, accompanied by increased mitochondrial biogenesis and an elevated ratio of slow-twitch to fast-twitch fibers. Furthermore, to verify the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and AMPK in exercise-regulated epigenetic modifications and muscle fiber type transitions, mouse C2C12 myotubes were used. It was shown that rotenone activates ROS/AMPK pathway and histone methylation enzymes, which then promote mitochondrial biogenesis and MHC slow isoform expression. Mitoquinone (MitoQ) partially blocking rotenone-treated model confirms the role of ROS in coupling mitochondrial biogenesis with muscle fiber type. In conclusion, endurance exercise couples mitochondrial biogenesis with MHC slow isoform by remodeling histone methylation, which in turn promotes the transition of fast-twitch to slow-twitch muscle fibers. The ROS/AMPK pathway may be involved in the regulation of histone methylation enzymes by endurance exercise.
Journal Article