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Inspired by the distinguished regulated photochemical and photophysical properties of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzazole derivatives, in this work, the novel bis(2′-benzothiazolyl)hydroquinone (BBTHQ) fluorophore is explored, looking at its photo-induced behaviors associated with different substituted atomic electronegativities, i.e., BBTHQ-SO, BBTHQ-SS and BBTHQ-Se compounds. From the structural changes, infrared (IR) vibrational variations and simulated core-valence bifurcation (CVB) indexes for the dual hydrogen bonds for the three BBTHQ derivatives, we see that low atomic electronegativity could be conducive to enhancing hydrogen bonding effects in the S1 state. Particularly, the O4-H5⋯N6 of BBTHQ-SO and the O1-H2⋯N3 of BBTHQ-SSe could be strengthened to be more intensive in the S1 state, respectively. Looking into the charge recombination induced by photoexcitation, we confirm a favorable ESDPT trend deriving from the charge reorganization of the dual hydrogen bonding regions. By constructing the potential energy surfaces (PESs) along with the ESDPT paths for the BBTHQ-SO, BBTHQ-SS and BBTHQ-Se compounds, we not only unveil stepwise ESDPT behaviors, but also present an atomic electronegativity-regulated ESDPT mechanism.

MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) was closely associated with liver steatosis. However, the link between changes in miR-34a and the progression of liver steatosis remained unclear. In the work, sixty mice were randomly and equally selected into six groups: normal control group (NC), normal exercise group (NE), high-fat diet group (HFD), high-fat diet plus exercise group (HFE), miR-34a overexpression group (OE), and miR-34a overexpression plus exercise group (OEE). Live morphology showed that treadmill exercise intervention for 8 weeks reduced high-fat diet-induced liver steatosis in mice. 8-week treadmill exercise directly decreased mir-34a expression of mice in HFD group, confirmed in OE group. More, treadmill exercise enhanced the expression of PPARα and SIRT1, thereby affecting the downstream hepatic steatosis-associated target genes, including CPT1(Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1), CPT2(Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2), SLC27A1(Solute carrier family 27 member 1), SLC27A4(Solute carrier family 27 member 4), in addition to activating the expression of the central metabolic sensor AMPK. Following aerobic exercise intervention, miR-34a was downregulated, thereby affecting the expression of genes associated with hepatic steatosis, and this mechanism was confirmed in miR-34a overexpression mice. This study contributed to our understanding of the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and may provide new therapeutic approaches.

Presents the first theoretical and methodological shift in the measurement of area deprivation in NZ since the 1990s and describes the development of the New Zealand Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). Describes briefly the development of Data Zones, an intermediary geographical scale, before outlining the development of the New Zealand Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), which uses routine data sets and methods comparable to current international deprivation indices. Identifies 28 indicators of deprivation from national health, social development, taxation, education, police databases, geospatial data providers and the 2013 Census, all of which represented seven domains of deprivation : employment; income; crime; housing; health; education; and geographical access Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.

Given the distinguished luminescent properties resulting from solvent-polarity-dependent excited state behaviors, in this work, the effects of solvent polarities on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process of H2BP-(OH)2DC-NH2 is systematically investigated. Based on DFT and TDDFT methodologies. We mainly focus on elucidating the excited-state double proton transfer (ESDPT) mechanism in H2BP-(OH)2DC-NH2 compound. By analyzing the geometrical configurations, infrared (IR) vibrational spectra, and core-valence bifurcation (CVB) indexes, we could firstly verify the enhancement of intramolecular dual hydrogen bonding interactions in the first excited state. Meanwhile, we also pay attention to the HOMO and LUMO orbitals to check the effects of charge redistribution on facilitating ESIPT/ESDPT process. The potential energy surfaces (PESs) are also scanned to confirm the stepwise ESDPT mechanism for H2BP-(OH)2DC-NH2 system. We further propose that the increase of solvent polarity can promote the process of the step-by-step ESDPT reaction processes for H2BP-(OH)2DC-NH2 fluorophore dependent on the computational potential energy barriers for H2BP-(OH)2DC-NH2 in cyclohexane, chloroform and acetonitrile solvents.

Background Studies had shown that social integration was related to the utilization of medical services. Few studies investigated the relationship between social integration and medical returns among the elderly. None research had ever clarified the effect of social integration on medical returns among the migrant elderly following children (MEFC) to new cities. This study aimed to explore the association between social integration and medical returns among the MEFC in Jinan, China. Method This cross-sectional study included 627 MEFC in Jinan China. Social integration was evaluated by economic integration, acculturation, and identification. Medical return was assessed by asking the subjects whether go back to hometown to use the medical services when ill. Chi-squared test and multivariable logistic regression were applied to analyze the association between social integration and medical returns of the MEFC. Results and discussion It was found that 20.3% of the MEFC had a medical return. As for social integration, those who had not joined local medical insurance (OR = 3.561, 95% CI 1.577–8.039, p  = 0.002) and were unwilling to stay for a long time (OR = 2.600, 95% CI 1.620–4.174, p  = 0.001) were more likely to have a medical return. Furthermore, our findings showed that the MEFC who were accompanied by one or more (OR = 1.568, 95% CI 1.027–2.392, p  = 0.037) were more likely to have a medical return than those who migrated alone. Conclusion Negative relationship between social integration and medical returns was found among the MEFC, which means the better social integration of the MEFC would generally have fewer medical return, as well as the better refunding connections of the medical insurance between the current residence and hometown.

The impact of the chalcogen atomic electronegativity (O, S, and Se atoms) of new organic molecules on excited-state dynamical reactions is self-evident. Inspired by this kind of distinguished photochemical characteristic, in this work, we performed a computational investigation of chalcogen-substituted 3,6-bis(4,5-dihydroxyoxazo-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol (BDYBD) derivatives (i.e., BDYBD-O, BDYBD-S, and BDYBD-Se). In this paper, we pay close attention to characteristic BDYBD derivatives that contain intramolecular double hydrogen bonds (O1–H2···N3 and O4–H5···N6). The main goal of this study was to explore how changes in atomic electronegativity affect the way hydrogen bonds interact and how excited molecules affect transfer protons. We go into further detail in the main text of the paper. By fixing our attention to geometrical variations and infrared (IR) vibrational spectra between the S0 and S1 states, exploring hydrogen bonding behaviors using the core-valence bifurcation (CVB) index, and simulating hydrogen bonding energy (EHB) via the atom in molecule (AIM) method, we clarified the photo-induced strengthened dual hydrogen bonding interactions that facilitate the excited-state dual-proton transfer (ESDPT) behavior of BDYBD derivatives. The reorganization of charge stemming from photoexcitation further verifies the tendencies of ESDPT reactions. We relied on constructing potential energy surfaces (PESs) by adopting a restrictive optimization approach, and herein, we finally clarify the gradual ESDPT mechanism of BDYBD derivatives. Particularly, we confirm that the variation in chalcogen atomic electronegativity has a regulatory effect on the ESDPT behavior of BDYBD derivatives; that is, the lower the atomic electronegativity, the more favorable it is for the gradual ESDPT reaction.

As a newly discovered histone modification, abnormal lactation has been found to be present in and contribute to the development of various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role between lactylation and the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Lactylation-associated subtypes were obtained by unsupervised consensus clustering analysis. Lactylation-related gene signature (LRS) was constructed by 15 machine learning algorithms, and the relationship between LRS and tumor microenvironment (TME) as well as drug sensitivity was analyzed. In addition, the expression of genes in the LRS in different cells was explored by single-cell analysis and spatial transcriptome. The expression levels of genes in LRS in clinical tissues were verified by RT-PCR. Finally, the potential small-molecule compounds were analyzed by CMap, and the molecular docking model of proteins and small-molecule compounds was constructed. LRS was composed of 6 key genes (SHCBP1, SIM2, VGF, GABRQ, SUSD3, and CLIC6). BC patients in the high LRS group had a poorer prognosis and had a TME that promoted tumor progression. Single-cell analysis and spatial transcriptome revealed differential expression of the key genes in different cells. The results of PCR showed that SHCBP1, SIM2, VGF, GABRQ, and SUSD3 were up-regulated in the cancer tissues, whereas CLIC6 was down-regulated in the cancer tissues. Arachidonyltrifluoromethane, AH-6809, W-13, and clofibrate can be used as potential target drugs for SHCBP1, VGF, GABRQ, and SUSD3, respectively. The gene signature we constructed can well predict the prognosis as well as the treatment response of BC patients. In addition, our predicted small-molecule complexes provide an important reference for personalized treatment of breast cancer patients.

Directional routing of one-way classical wave has raised tremendous interests about spin-related phenomena. This sparks specifically the elastic wave study of pseudo-spin in meta-structures to perform robust manipulations. Unlike pseudo-spin in mathematics, the intrinsic spin angular momentum of elastic wave is predicted quite recently which exhibits selective excitation of unidirectional propagation even in conventional solids. However, due to the challenge of building up chiral elastic sources, the experimental observation of intrinsic spin of elastic wave is still missing. Here, we successfully measure the elastic spin in Rayleigh and Lamb modes by adopting elaborately designed chiral meta-sources that excite locally rotating displacement polarization. We observe the unidirectional routing of chiral elastic waves, characterize the different elastic spins along different directions, and demonstrate the spin-momentum locking in broad frequency ranges. We also find the selective one-way Lamb wave carries opposite elastic spin on two plate surfaces in additional to the source chirality. ’Following up on the recent theoretical demonstration here the authors bring us a step closer to the real implementation of efficient ultrasonic chiral sources. They experimentally demonstrate the presence of elastic spin waves, Rayleigh and Lamb waves, generated by a chiral-meta source, characterizing their basic properties.

Drought causes osmotic stress and rapidly triggers abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in plants. The roles of various ABA receptors in drought tolerance and molecular mechanisms regulating ABA receptor stability needs to be elucidated. Here, we report that Arabidopsis plants overexpressing PYL9, one of the 14 pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/pyrabactin resistance-like (PYL)/regulatory component of ABA receptors (RCAR) family ABA receptors, gained drought tolerance trait. Osmotic stress induced accumulation of the PYL9 protein, which was regulated by the 26S proteasome. PYL9 interacted with two highly homologous plant U-box E3 ubiquitin ligases PUB22 and PUB23. In the cell-free degradation assay, the degradation of GST-PYL9 was accelerated in protein extract from plants overexpressing PUB22 but slowed down in protein extract from the pub22 pub23 double mutant. The in vivo decay of Myc-PYL9 was significantly reduced in the pub22 pub23 double mutant as compared with the wild-type. Additionally, PUB22 also interacted with other ABA receptors such as PYL5, PYL7 and PYL8. Considering the improved drought tolerance in the pub22 pub23 double mutant in previous studies, our results suggest that PUB22 and PUB23 negatively regulate drought tolerance in part by facilitating ABA receptors degradation.

Planting structure drive agricultural water use and is critical to groundwater depletion in the North China Plain (NCP). However, the effects of planting structure changes on groundwater depletion are rarely quantified, and severely depleted areas are often overlooked in previous planting structure optimization studies. This study developed a groundwater stress index (GWSI) to assess current groundwater drought and future risks and identify high groundwater stress zones (HGSZ). Groundwater depletion was estimated by integrating land surface model and AquaCrop outputs. A structural equation model was developed to assess the effects of planting structure to groundwater depletion, and a GWSI‐based optimization model was proposed to alleviate groundwater depletion, particularly in HGSZ. Results identified an HGSZ near the Henan–Hebei border, where the groundwater decline rate (−21.90 mm/year) was more than twice the NCP average (−8.73 mm/year). Under present planting structures, groundwater use remained unsustainable, with annual consumption exceeding recharge by 46.53 mm/year across the NCP and 97.09 mm/year in the HGSZ. Depletion was primarily affected by the planting area and spatial dispersion of winter wheat. Planting area expansion mitigated the effect of spatial redistribution on groundwater depletion, and it varied by crop. The optimization model reduced net groundwater depletion by 30.61 mm/year in the NCP and 63.23 mm/year in the HGSZ. The results highlighted the need to adjust planting structures, and revealed the effects to groundwater depletion, and demonstrated that partially converting rotation areas to single‐season cropping and shifting the rest southeastward effectively alleviated groundwater depletion. These findings provided an evidence base for designing region‐specific groundwater‐resource management strategies in the NCP.